摘要:
Objective To investigate the expression of excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate (Glu),inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA),glutamate receptor R1 (GluR1) and gammaaminobutyric acid receptor A (γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor,GABAA) in the brain of rats with intrauterine growth retardation.Methods Thirty-two healthy Wistar female virgin rats and eight healthy Wistar male rats were purchased from the Laboratory Animal Center of China Medical University.The pregnant rats were randomly divided into IUGR group and control group according to the order of conception.The control group was fed with normal diet,while the IUGR group was fed with low-protein diet.The offspring were named IUGR group and control group respectively.The expressions of positive cells of Glu,GluR1,GABA and GABAA in cerebral cortex of normal offspring and IUGR offspring were observed by immunohistochemistry.Results Immunohistochemical staining showed that the glutamate positive field of vision in IUGR group was more than that in control group (x2 =82.69,P < 0.05).The glutamate receptor GluR1 positive field of vision in IUGR group was more than that in control group (x2 =76.91,P <0.05),while the gamma-aminobutyric acid and its receptors in IUGR group were lower than those in control group (x2 =91.51,x2 =24.05,respectively).The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion Intrauterine growth retardation can increase the expression of excitatory amino acids and receptors while decrease the expression of inhibitory amino acids and their receptors.Increased expression of excitatory amino acids and receptors and decreased expression of inhibitory amino acids and their receptors may be one of the mechanisms of epilepsy in patients with intrauterine growth retardation.%目的 探讨兴奋性神经递质谷氨酸(glutamate,Glu)、抑制性神经递质γ-氨基丁酸(gammaaminobutyric acid,GABA)及谷氨酸R1受体(glutamate receptor 1,GluR1)、γ-氨基丁酸A型受体(γ-aminobutyric acid Areceptor,GABAA)在宫内发育迟缓(intrauterine growth retardation,IUGR)鼠脑内的表达.方法 将中国医科大学实验动物中心购买的健康wistar雌性处女大鼠32只及健康wistar雄性大鼠8只随机合笼,按照受孕顺序将孕鼠随机分成IUGR组和对照组,对照组以标准饲料喂养,IUGR组以低蛋白饮食饲料喂养,产下仔鼠分别称为IUGR组仔鼠和对照组仔鼠.用免疫组织化学法观察对照组仔鼠及IUGR组仔鼠大脑皮层内Glu、GluR1、GABA、GABAA的阳性细胞表达.结果 免疫组织化学染色结果显示IUGR组Glu阳性视野多于对照组(x2=82.69,P<0.05),IUGR组GluR1阳性视野多于对照组(x2=76.91,P<0.05),而IUGR组GABA及其受体GABAA较对照组降低(分别为x2=91.51,x2=24.05),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 宫内发育迟缓可使兴奋性氨基酸及其受体表达增加而抑制性氨基酸及其受体表达减少.兴奋性氨基酸及其受体表达增加而抑制性氨基酸及其受体表达减少可能是IUGR患者癫痫的发生机制之一.