摘要：
Since the 1950s, Martin Trow, the preeminent American academic of higher education, has put forward six interrelated core concepts concerning the higher education systems in Europe and the United States,namely,the Development Stage Theory,Model Theory,Stratification Theory,Leadership Theory,Ac-countability Theory and Diversity Theory.His perspectives ranged from analyzing the American practice to comparing the differences between Europe and the United States,from the criticism of the shortcomings of the higher education in UK and Europe to the inclusive views of diversity in European higher education,which en-abled him to set his own banner in the educational field, and formed constantly enriching thoughts on higher education.Thus,it has become a monument in the history of higher education at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries.If massification of higher education and Development Stage Theory were the basis of his ideological system,Model Theory could be the highlight and glory of his early thoughts; Diversity Theory could be the core which ran through his ideological system; Leadership Theory, Stratification Theory and Accountability Theory could be the further enrichment and expansion of his ideological system.Trow's thoughts broke the limits of regions,had significant impact on the world,and raised human's understanding of higher education to a new level.Trow's thoughts not only served as a guide for the development of higher education in Europe and the United States,but also provided inspiration and reference for other countries and regions.%20世纪50年代以来,美国著名高等教育学者马丁· 特罗以欧美高等教育制度为研究对象,先后提出了发展阶段论、模式论、分层理论、领导力理论、问责理论、多样性思想等六个彼此联系的核心思想,其研究视阈从分析美国实践到对比欧美国家差别,从批评英国和欧洲高等教育的种种弊端到包容性地看待欧洲高等教育的多样性,从而在当代高等教育学界异军突起、独树一帜,形成了不断完善、不断发展的完备的高等教育思想体系,成为20—21世纪之交高等教育发展史上承前启后的一座丰碑.如果说大众化理论及其阶段论是其思想体系基础、模式论是其思想体系亮点,闪烁着早期思想光辉的话,那么多样性理论则是其一以贯之于其思想体系之中的核心,而领导论、层级论和问责论则是其思想体系的进一步丰富和展开,闪耀着其晚近时期的理论光芒.特罗思想突破地域、走向世界,从而将人类对高等教育的认识推向一个新的高度和境界,不仅对欧美国家的高等教育发展有镜鉴和指导作用,而且对其他国家和地区也都有启示和参考价值.
