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水解动力学

水解动力学的相关文献在1989年到2022年内共计99篇,主要集中在化学、化学工业、轻工业、手工业 等领域,其中期刊论文77篇、会议论文19篇、专利文献175699篇;相关期刊61种,包括华东理工大学学报(社会科学版)、广东海洋大学学报、四川大学学报(自然科学版)等; 相关会议19种,包括第十三届全国有机分子电化学与工业学术会议、第四届中国膜科学与技术报告会、中国化工学会农药专业委员会第十四届年会等;水解动力学的相关文献由301位作者贡献,包括梁国刚、梁曜华、欧晓明等。

水解动力学—发文量

期刊论文>

论文:77 占比:0.04%

会议论文>

论文:19 占比:0.01%

专利文献>

论文:175699 占比:99.95%

总计:175795篇

水解动力学—发文趋势图

水解动力学

-研究学者

  • 梁国刚
  • 梁曜华
  • 欧晓明
  • 毕葳
  • 裴晖
  • 雷满香
  • 任竞
  • 刘永刚
  • 张毅
  • 王海军
  • 期刊论文
  • 会议论文
  • 专利文献

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    • 石娟; 包鸿慧; 张佩; 张倜培; 周睿
    • 摘要: 目的:评价全芸豆食品的生理功效,开发不同花色芸豆功能性资源。方法:采用体外胃肠模拟消化模型,分析芸豆消化液总酚、总黄酮和酸性多糖含量、抗氧化活性与α-淀粉酶抑制活性,以及其淀粉水解动力学与葡萄糖扩散性。结果:总酚、总黄酮和酸性多糖含量、抗氧化能力及α-淀粉酶抑制能力为黑芸豆>红芸豆>白芸豆(P<0.05)。淀粉水解一级反应动力学速率、快速消化淀粉含量及消化液葡萄糖扩散速率为黑芸豆<红芸豆<白芸豆(P<0.05),且芸豆消化液活性组分含量与抗氧化活性呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与葡萄糖扩散速率呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论:芸豆消化液中富含酚类化合物与酸性多糖,具有良好的抗氧化活性与一定的α-淀粉酶抑制活性。
    • 杨晓云; 江腾辉; 黄其亮; 徐汉虹
    • 摘要: [目的]系统研究印楝素在水溶液中的水解.[方法]硅胶柱层析法和半制备液相色谱法分离纯化w为44.56%的印楝素原药中的印楝素A,采用核磁共振仪和高效液相色谱定性、定量测定分离得到的印楝素A,建立一种检测水样中印楝素残留的高效液相色谱方法.[结果]核磁共振仪和高效液相色谱测得印楝素A的质量分数分别为90.37%和91.82%.当印楝素添加水平为0.1、1.0和5.0 mg·kg-1时,水样中印楝素的平均回收率为92.53%~94.12%,变异系数为0.35%~0.84%,最小检测质量浓度为0.012 mg·L-1.印楝素在pH 4.0~6.0的缓冲溶液中稳定,当pH大于8.0时,印楝素降解加快,降解半衰期从pH 8.0的14.856 h 降到pH 10.0的0.033 h.在pH 6.0的缓冲溶液中,25、35、45 °C条件下印楝素的降解半衰期分别为24.68、13.69和2.36 d,而在pH 7.0的缓冲溶液中印楝素的降解半衰期分别为9.35、6.51和0.94 d.在pH 2.0的缓冲溶液中分离纯化水解产物得到印楝素A内酯衍生物.[结论]印楝素在碱性环境下极不稳定,而在弱酸性环境中比较稳定.温度对印楝素的降解影响很大,随着温度的升高印楝素降解加快.%[Objective] To study hydrolysis of azadirachtin in water systematically.[Method]Azadirachtin A from the 44.56% azadirachtin TC was isolated and purified by silica column chromatography and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The chemical structure and content of isolated azadirachtin A were identified by nulear magnetic resonance (NMR) and HPLC.A method for determining azaditachtin residue in water by HPLC was established.[Result]The mass fractions of azadirachtin A were 90.37% and 91.82% detected by NMR and HPLC respectively.When azadirachtin was added with the concentrations of 0.1, 1.0 and 5.0 mg·kg-1, the average recovery rates of azadirachtin from water samples ranged from 92.53% to 94.12%, the variation coefficients ranged from 0.35% to 0.84%, and the minimum detection limit was 0.012 mg·L-1.Azadirachtin was stable in buffer solutions with pH varying from 4.0 to 6.0.When pH was above 8.0, hydrolysis of azadirachtin was accelerated, and the degradation half-life was 14.856 h at pH 8.0 and declined to 0.033 h at pH 10.0.The degration half-lives of azadirachtin in buffer solutions at pH 6.0 were 24.68, 13.69 and 2.36 d under 25, 35 and 45 °C temperature respectively, while were 9.35, 6.51 and 0.94 d at pH 7.0.A lactone derivative of azadirachtin was obtained by isolating and purifing hydrolysate in buffer solution at pH 2.0.[Conclusion]Azadirachtin is extremely unstable in alkaline environment while relatively stable in weak acid environment.Temperature has a great effect on the degradation of azadirachtin and the degradation accelerates as temperature increases.
    • 于秀颖; 李红亮; 朱玮; 王万朋; 张琳
    • 摘要: OBJECTIVE To explore the hydrolysis kinetics of capilliposide B and capilliposide C under different temperatures and pH values,and identify the hydrolysis products.METHODS The LC-B and LC-C were quantified by HPLC,then the hydrolysis process was deduced.Samples were taken to investigate the stability of LC-C and LC-B at different time points under the conditions of 30,50,70 °C,and pH 8.0,9.0,10.0,11.0,respectively.The hydrolysis products were identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.RESULTS The hydrolysis reaction rates of LC-B and LC-C obeyed first-order kinetics under different pH values and temperatures.And they were related to hydrolysis temperature and pH:at the same temperature,the higher the pH,the faster the hydrolysis rate;at the same pH,the higher the temperature,the faster the hydrolysis rate.The hydrolysis product was capilliposide A.CONCLUSION The study provided an effective method for the preparation of LC-A.%目的 研究细梗香草皂苷B(capilliposide B,LC-B)和细梗香草皂苷C(capilliposide C,LC-C)在不同温度,pH条件下水解动力学,及水解产物的鉴定.方法 采用高效液相色谱法测定LC-B,LC-C含量,推导出LC-B,LC-C水解过程,恒温30,50和70°C,pH分别为9.0,10.0,11.0的条件下,不同时间点分别取样检测LC-C和LC-B的含量,探讨其稳定性,并通过质谱、核磁共振谱鉴定水解产物.结果 LC-B,LC-C在不同温度,pH条件下的水解反应均符合一级动力学.水解速率受水解的温度和体系pH值的影响:相同的水解温度,pH越高,水解越快;相同pH,温度越高水解越迅速.水解产物为细梗香草皂苷A(capilli-poside A,LC-A).结论 该实验为LC-A的制备提供一种有效方法.
    • 徐艳; 杨广存; 李振花; 赵玉军; 马新宾
    • 摘要: 针对Amberlyst-15树脂为催化剂的草酸二乙酯水解过程进行了研究,考察了催化剂用量、水酯比及温度对反应的影响.结果表明Amberlyst-15的加入能明显提高水解速率.草酸二乙酯水解反应为连串反应,草酸单乙酯为中间产物.基于树脂催化反应特点提出了包含离子交换树脂催化作用和水解产生的草酸的催化作用在内的动力学模型.通过实验数据的回归获得动力学参数,模型计算与实验数据的平均相对偏差<0.06,表明该模型适用于草酸二乙酯树脂催化水解动力学规律的描述.
    • 吴亚; 李凡; 徐甜莉; 陈刚; 薛丹; 史俊
    • 摘要: 以BrΦnsted酸硼酸作为催化剂高效地合成了固体酯水杨酸苯酯和苯甲酸苯酯,并利用液体法IR研究其水解动力学.通过IR,GC-MS等进行结构表征,并优化反应条件:n(羧酸)∶n(苯酚)∶n(硼酸)为1.5∶ 1∶0.2,135°C回流24 h,水杨酸苯酯和苯甲酸苯酯产率分别达86%和61%.利用液体法IR监测酯的水解,依据IR中1 650 cm-1 ~1 800cm-1的特征吸收峰强度变化,获得不同pH、温度时固体酯水解动力学.该研究提供一种简便高效的合成固体酯的方法,并阐明了固体酯水解的影响因素及规律.
    • 吕阳成; 王蕊; 张吉松; 靳倩如; 骆广生
    • 摘要: Synthesizing epichlorohydrin(ECH) from dichloropropanol(DCP) is a complicated reaction due to the partial decomposition of ECH under harsh conditions. A microchemical system can provide a feasible platform for improving this process by conducting a separation once full conversion has been achieved. In this work, referring to a common DCP feed used in industry, the reaction performance of mixed DCP isomers with Na OH in the microchemical system on various time scales was investigated. The operating window for achieving high conversion and selectivity was on a time scale of seconds, while the side reactions normally occurred on a time scale of minutes. Plenty of Cl-ions together with a high temperature were proved to be critical factors for ECH hydrolysis.A kinetic study of alkaline mediated ECH hydrolysis was performed and the requirements for an improved ECH synthesis were proposed by combining quantitative analysis using a simpli fied reaction model with experimental results on the time scale of minutes. Compared with the conventional distillation process, this new strategy for ECH synthesis exploited microchemical system and decoupled the reaction and separation with potentials of higher productivity and better reliability in scaling up.
    • 缪华丽; 刘今强; 李永强; 付承臣; 张玉高
    • 摘要: 采用HPLC研究活性染料/D5悬浮体系染色过程中染料的水解性能,以明确该体系所实现的超低浴比染色环境是否有效抑制染料水解从而获得更高固着率的机制.通过模拟D5染色和传统水浴染色的染料水解环境,研究了不同环境下C.I活性红195在pH值为11、60 ~ 80°C条件下的水解情况.结果表明:活性染料/D5悬浮体系染色过程中极少水量的染色环境显著抑制了染料水解,pH值为11条件下水解90 min,D5介质中双水解染料量相对传统水浴60°C减小27.8%,70°C减小57.8%,80°C减少51.1%.相同温度下,传统水浴中染料的水解速率是D5介质中的1.8倍左右.同时,一定量织物的存在可进一步降低D5介质染色的模拟水解条件下双水解染料的量,水解速率常数也有所降低.%Hydrolysis kinetics of reactive dye in dye/D5 suspending system was investigated using HPLC to see whether the super low bath ratio dyeing realized by this system had effectively inhibited dye hydrolysis and thus obtained a higher fixation ratio.HPLC analysis of dye hydrolysis kinetics was carried out using C.I.Reactive Red 195 under the simulated hydrolysis conditions at pH =11,and temperature 60 ~ 80 °C.The results showed that hydrolysis of dye in dye/D5 suspending system was much lower than that in aqueous system.The amount of complete hydrolyzed dye after 90 min treatment in the dye/D5 suspending system under simulated conditions at pH =11 was reduced by 27.8% at 60 °C,57.8% at 70 °C and 51.1% at 80 °C,respectively,as compared with the conventional aqueous system.And when the temperature was identical,the hydrolysis rate in aqueous system was 1.8 times of that in the dye/D5 system.When hydrolysis performed in the presence of fabric in dye/D5 suspending system,the amount of complete hydrolyzed dye was further reduced,and so did the rate constants.
    • 王专; 谢亚杰; 徐松; 胡万鹏; 王俊秋; 金梅梅
    • 摘要: 为考察均三嗪和乙烯砜的双活性基团活性染料的耐碱性,以活性黄176为例,采用反相离子对高效液相色谱法,测定了一系列活性黄176的浓度随时间、温度、pH值等变化的实验数据,得出了活性黄176在不同条件下的水解关系曲线,并采用准一级反应动力学模型拟合实验数据.结果表明:在酸性介质(pH 4.47)中,双活性基团染料活性黄176会水解,但温度升高时变化规律不明显;在中性介质(pH8.07)中,温度越高染料水解速度越快.并且两者在温度一定时染料水解反应基本服从准一级反应(R2>0.982).在碱性介质(pH10.3)中,温度升高活性黄176水解十分剧烈,并几乎严格按照准一级反应进行(R2>0.992).
    • 邹梅娟; 王晶; 陈洪涛; 卢方正
    • 摘要: 目的考察吲哚美辛5-氟尿嘧啶甲酯(indom ethacin5-fluorouracil-1-ylmethyl ester,IFM)水溶液在不同pH值、不同温度及在Krebs-Ringer试液中的化学稳定性。方法采用经典恒温法测定IFM在不同条件下的降解情况。结果 IFM在水溶液中的降解速率常数与溶液pH值和温度有关。随着温度的升高,IFM的降解速度加快;pH值在3.6~5.8内稳定性较好,pH小于2.0或大于6.8时,随温度升高,降解明显加快。但在室温和310K条件下较稳定。310K下IFM在Krebs-Ringer试液中的降解速率常数为9.0×10-4h-1。结论 IFM在水溶液中的降解符合一级反应动力学特点,IFM在水溶液中的降解为酸碱催化反应。
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