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工程塑料应用

工程塑料应用

北大核心

CSCD

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Engineering Plastics Application
本刊为专业技术性刊物。报道国内外工程用树脂、塑料及其复合材料、功能材料等高分子材料的研究、开发、加工与应用等方面的科研成果及技术改进经验。主要栏目有材料、加工、应用、测试、综术、简讯等，读者对象为从事高分子材料科研、生产及应用的工程技术人员及相关专业高校师生。
  • 发文量：8887
  • 被引量：2188
  • H指数：3
  • 开始收录时间：1985(1)
  • CNKI综合因子：0.787
  • 维普期刊影响因子： 1.13
  • 万方期刊影响因子：0.87
  • 创刊时间：1973
  • 国内刊号/CN：37-1111/TQ
    国际刊号/ISSN：1001-3539
  • 发行周期：月刊
    邮发代号：24-42
  • 主管单位：中国兵器工业集团公司
    主办单位：中国兵器工业集团第五三研究所 中国兵工学会非金属专业委员会　兵器工业非金属材料专业情报网
工程塑料应用-联系信息
  • 主编：王金立
  • 电话：0531-85878057
  • 邮箱：epa@epa1973.com
  • 地址：济南市天桥区田庄东路3号
  • 邮编：250031
工程塑料应用-获奖情况
  • • 2009年《工程塑料应用》被评为新中国60年有影响力的期刊
  • • 2005年《工程塑料应用》获第三届国家期刊奖
  • • 2003年《工程塑料应用》获第二届国家期刊奖
  • • 2001年《工程塑料应用》获中国期刊方阵"双高"期刊奖
  • • 2000年《工程塑料应用》获首届国家期刊奖
  • • 1997年《工程塑料应用》获第二届全国优秀科技期刊一等奖
  • • 1992年《工程塑料应用》获首届全国优秀科技期刊二等奖
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工程塑料应用 >2025年第2期
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  • 摘要：基于调节聚氨酯/环氧树脂(PUR/EP)弹性体基材声阻抗,增加材料对声能弛豫吸收和传播路径、加大声波损耗的目的,在基材中加入空心玻璃微珠和云母两种无机材料,并通过改变无机材料的添加量和梯度结构设计对其水声吸声性能展开了研究.研究结果表明:无机填料云母和空心微珠的加入均能有效改善PUR/EP基材的吸声性能.空心微珠量越多,吸声效果越佳.云母添加量的影响规律为5%含量时平均吸声系数高,而高云母含量则只能对基材的低频吸声性能的提高贡献较大.这两种无机填料的梯度分层复合材料的吸声性能要优于非梯度材料(总含量10%).%Two kinds of inorganic materials :hollow glass beads and the mica were added to polyurethane/epoxy (PUR/EP) elastomer substrate for the purpose of increasing the acoustic absorption and propagation path,adjustment of the acoustic impedance,and increasing the acoustic loss. Its underwater acoustic absorption performance was studied by changing the amount of inorganic materials and gradient structure design. The results show that inorganic fillers such as mica and hollow glass microspheres can effectively improve the underwater acoustic absorption properties of the PUR/EP blend matrix. The more of the contents of hollow glass microspheres,the better the acoustic absorption of the blends. The average absorption coefficient is high when the amounts content of mica is 5%,high mica content can only give larger contribution to the low-frequency acoustic absorption properties of the matrix. The acoustic absorption properties of gradient layered composites by these two inorganic filler is superior to the non-gradient materials (10% of the total content).
  • 摘要：The research progress of transparent polypropylene (PP) and its domestic status of research and development were summarized. The main transparent modification methods of PP and its mechanisms were presented. Combined with the status of transparent PP at home and abroad,the future development trend of domestic transparent PP was analyzed. It was pointed out that on one hand,metallocene and Z-N composite catalysts need to be carried out,on the other hand,the research and development of transparent PP's polymerization engineering and products should be increased,and developing transparent PP with their own patents.%综述了透明聚丙烯(PP)的研究进展和国内研发现状,介绍了PP的主要增透方法及其增透机理,并结合国内透明PP的现状,分析我国透明PP未来的发展趋势,指出一方面要开展茂金属和Z-N复合催化剂的研发;另一方面应加大对透明PP的聚合工程及其产品的研发,开发出具有自己专利的透明PP.
  • 摘要：Composite electrode materials with high specific capacity and long cycle stability is the focus of current supercapacitor research. Hierarchical porous carbon was prepared by water-soluble ammonium polyphosphate as the porogen and the styrene as the carbon source. Then,manganese dioxide coated porous carbon composites were prepared by hydrothermal method.The surface morphology and structure of the composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and physical adsorption. The electrochemical performance was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry,charge-discharge tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic stability test. The results show that the mass ratio of KMnO4 to carbon is 4:1,the content of MnO2 in the composites is 55%,and the capacitance of which can be the best. At a current density of 0.2 A/g,the specific capacitance of as-made composites is up to 216 F/g in the three-electrode system of 1 mol/L Na2SO4 electrolyte,and the specific capacity is 81% after 1000 cycles. The excellent capacitive properties of the composites are attributed to the well-developed pore structure of hierarchical porous carbons and the coating uniform manganese dioxide.%以水溶性聚磷酸铵为致孔剂,苯乙烯为碳源,制备出分级多孔炭(HPC),然后经水热法制备得到二氧化锰包覆多孔炭复合材料.采用X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜、热重分析和物理吸附等对所得材料表面形貌以及结构性能进行表征;采用循环伏安法、恒流充放电、交流阻抗和循环稳定性测试对其进行电化学性能分析.结果表明,当KMnO4:HPC=4:1时,所得复合材料中二氧化锰的含量为55%时,电容性能最好.在0.2 A/g的电流密度下,1 mol/L Na2SO4电解液的三电极体系中测试,该复合材料比电容最高可达到216 F/g,且循环1000次后,比容量保持81%.复合材料优异的电容性能归功于分级多孔炭发达的孔隙结构和均匀的二氧化锰包覆.
  • 摘要：According to the characteristics of injection molding process for the rear bracket of wheelchair with four holes or grooves,the overall design scheme of injection mold was determined,and an injection mold with multi direction side core pulling was designed. The mold structure was designed by UG software,and the position of the best gate was determined by running flow analysis. The layout of one module and two cavities was determined,and the side core-pulling mechanism of the three-angle pin to form the outer hole or groove structure was adopted. The slider insert with an included angle was designed,and the automatic demoulding of the castable was realized. The layout of the cavity is reasonable and the cost is reduced,which have good economic benefits.%针对外侧具有四向孔槽结构的轮椅扶手后托架的成型工艺特点,确定了注塑模具的整体设计方案,设计了一种多向侧抽芯的注塑模具.运用UG软件进行了模具结构设计,并通过运行流分析确定了最佳浇口的位置.模具选用1模2腔、点浇口的型腔布局形式,采用三向斜导柱侧抽芯机构成型塑料件外侧孔槽结构,设计了带夹角的滑块镶件,实现了浇注凝料的自动脱模.通过合理的型腔布局,降低了模具制造成本,具有良好的经济效益.
  • 摘要：将线性低密度聚乙烯(PE-LLD)/高密度聚乙烯(PE-HD)/低密度聚乙烯(PE-LD)的滴灌带试样经过自然暴露老化,并对老化前后试样进行力学性能、流变性能及红外光谱测试分析以研究滴灌带的耐老化性能.结果表明:户外暴晒60 d后,纯PE(0#)试样的拉伸强度保持率和断裂伸长率保持率分别为81%和15.6%,已失去使用价值;而户外暴晒120 d后,1#,2#,3#,4#试样断裂伸长率保持率分别为61.9%,75.1%,82.3%,87.8%.毛细管流变10 min时,户外暴晒120 d试样扭矩保持率顺序为4#>3#>2#>1#>0#试样;户外暴晒120 d后,试样红外谱图在1757 cm-1处生成的羰基峰从0#~4#依次向低波数移动,并且变得越来越弱.基于此,同时加抗氧剂、光稳定剂和炭黑复配使用的4#试样耐老化性能最佳.%The aging resistance of different formula of linear low density polyethylene (PE-LLD)/high density polyethylene (PE-HD)/low density polyethylene (PE-LD) drip irrigation zone samples was studied which was aged by natural exposure through mechanical properties,rheological properties and infrared spectroscopy test. The results show that the tensile strength retention and elongation at break of formula 0# sample for outdoor exposure 60 days is 81% and 15.6% which have lost their use value, while 1#,2#,3# and 4# are 61.9%,75.1%,82.3% and 87.8% that was exposured 120 days,respectively. The torque retention rate of outdoor exposure 120 days sample is 4# > 3# > 2# > 1# > 0# after the capillary rheometer for 10 min. From the outdoor exposure 120 days sample infrared spectrum,the carbonyl peak generated at 1757 cm-1 moves to the low wavenumber sequentially from 0# to 4# samples and becomes weaker and weaker. Based on this,while adding antioxidant,light stabilizer and carbon black compound formulations for 4 # sample,its anti-aging performance is the best.
  • 摘要：为了研究高强玻璃纤维板抗高速破片侵彻性能,开展了弹道试验,探讨了破片入射速度、靶板厚度对高强玻璃纤维板抗侵彻性能的影响,通过对弹道试验结果分析,指出了高强玻璃纤维板的变形失效模式、吸能特性和抗侵彻机理.结果表明:破片在侵彻高强玻璃纤维板过程中可视为刚体,高强玻璃纤维板迎弹面破坏模式为纤维剪切破坏并伴随纤维反向喷出,迎弹面弹孔附近区域出现基体碎裂、纤维脱粘;背弹面破坏模式为纤维拉伸断裂,背弹面损伤区域远大于迎弹面损伤区域;高强玻璃纤维板单位面密度吸能随着破片侵彻速度增加呈线性增加,在试验速度范围内,得出了立方体破片侵彻不同厚度靶板入射速度与剩余速度、入射速度与靶板单位面密度吸能关系.%In order to study the anti-penetration performance of high strength fiber glass plate,ballistic experiment was carried out and the influence of fragment impact velocity as well as the thickness of plate on penetration resistance of high strength glass fiber reinforced plastics was studied. By analysing the result of experiment,the deformation and failure morphology,the energy absorption and the mechanical anti-penetration of high strength fiber-glass plate were found. The result shows that the fragment can be regard as rigid in the impact process,the deformation and failure morphology of plate front area is fiber shear with fiber eject on the opposite orientation. The vicinity of bullet hole appeare matrix crack and fiber seperation with matrix. The deformation and failure morpholoy of plate rear is fiber tensile fracture,the damage area of rear plate is more bigger than that of front area. The per area energy of high strength fiber glass plate is linear increased with the impact velocity increased. In the range of experimental result,the relation of the impact velocity and the residual velocity of fragment as well as the relation of the per area energy absortion and the impact velocity of different thickness plates were conducted.
  • 摘要：采用转矩流变仪混合造粒,通过注射成型方法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/麦秸秆木塑复合材料,研究了NaOH浓度、增容剂的含量和麦秸秆含量对PP/麦秸秆木塑复合材料力学性能的影响,采用扫描电子显微镜对麦秸秆表面及复合材料的断面形貌进行分析.结果表明:8%NaOH溶液处理麦秸秆时,PP/麦秸秆木塑复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度达到最大;马来酸酐接枝PP增容剂的加入使得麦秸秆与PP的界面相容性提高,复合材料的力学性能增加;在一定范围内麦秸秆的添加降低了PP材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度,而提高了其弯曲强度,并且PP/麦秸秆复合材料的弯曲强度随着麦秸秆含量的增加而增加,在麦秸秆含量为30%时弯曲强度达到最大值为43.4 MPa.%The wheat straw and polypropylene (PP) were mixed to granulation by torque rheometer. Then the wheat straw reinforced polypropylene wood-plastic composites were prepared by injection molding. The effects of NaOH concentration, compatilizer content and fiber content on the mechanical properties of wheat straw reinforced PP wood-plastic composites were investigated. The wheat straw surface and fracture morphology of the composites were analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The results show that tensile strength,and bending strength as well as impact strength of the wheat straw reinforced PP wood-plastic composites reach a maximum when NaOH concentration is 8%. Interface compatibility of the wheat straw and PP is improved as well as the mechanical properties are increased due to adding the compatilizer of maleic anhydride grafted PP. Compared with pure PP, the tensile strength and impact strength of the wheat straw reinforced PP composites decrease while the bending strength increases within a certain range. The bending strength of wheat straw reinforced PP wood-plastic composites increases with the increase of wheat straw content,up to maximum value of 43.4 MPa when the wheat straw content is 30%.
  • 摘要：In order to improve the utilization of waste paper and protect forest resources and develop environmental wood plastic composite materials,waste carton and poly ethylene terephthalateco-1,4-cylclohexylene (PETG) were used as raw materials to prepare modified wood-plastic composite materials. The effects of alkali treatment concentration,time,temperature and alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) addition on effects of mechanical strength,water absorption and thermal stability of the composites were investigated. Combined with infrared and micro topography characterization,the optimum process of modified wood -plastic composites is as follows :the concentration of NaOH solution is 15%,the alkali treatment temperature is 60℃,the alkali treatment time is 60 min,and the optimum dosage of AKD is 2% of the waste paper powder.%为了提高废纸的利用率,保护森林资源,开发绿色无污染的木塑复合材料,使用废弃纸箱和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯-1,4-环己二甲酯(PETG)作为原料,利用烷基烯酮二聚体(AKD)对其进行改性制备木塑复合材料.选取碱处理浓度、时间、温度和AKD添加量四个方面进行实验,探究对PETG木塑复合材料力学性能、吸水性能和热稳定性的影响,并且结合红外和微观形貌表征,确定了对废纸纤维进行改性的木塑复合材料的最佳工艺为:NaOH溶液浓度15%,碱处理温度60℃,碱处理时间60 min,AKD最佳添加量为废纸粉质量的2%.
  • 摘要：利用差示扫描量热仪研究了不同温度热处理对聚苯硫醚(PPS)树脂的结晶度影响.结果表明,在玻璃化转变温度与熔融温度之间,PPS树脂的结晶度随热处理温度的升高呈先增大、后稳定、再减小的趋势,相对结晶度最大值为65.36%,最小值为46.14%.这是由于PPS分子活性、分子链的热氧交联反应随热处理温度的不同具有不同的表现形式,这些因素会直接影响PPS聚合物的晶核形成和晶体生长,进而影响PPS的结晶度.%The effects of different heat treatment temperatures on the crystallinity of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that between the glass transition temperature and the melting temperature,the crystallinity of PPS resin increase first then stabilize and at last decrease with the increase of heat treatment temperature. The maximum value of relative crystallinity is 65.36% and the minimum is 46.14%. This is due to the different manifestations of the activity and thermal oxygen crosslinking reaction of PPS molecule chains with different heat treatment temperature. These factors will affect the PPS polymer nucleation and crystal growth,thereby affecting the crystallinity.
  • 摘要：根据手机充电器外壳结构和工艺分析,为提高塑料件成型的成品率、成型效率及表面质量,模具设计采用了点浇口注射系统.为降低模具工作难度,在模具设计过程中,合理优化了斜滑块的设计,解决了卡位孔对脱模的干涉.为简化模具结构,选择了合理的分型面,且采用了一模二腔结构,进而有利于批量化与自动化生产;为提高模具寿命,在模具的易磨损且复杂的地方,采用了高性能的模具钢材料且采用镶嵌式结构,同时也降低了模具加工难度.%According to the shell structure and process analysis of cell phone charger shell,in order to improve the finished product rate,forming efficiency and surface quality of plastic parts,a little sprue pouring system was adopted in the die design. The rational use of the slant block solved the interference of the card hole to the ejection. The rational choice of the parting surface made the mold structure simpler. A two-cavity structure was adopted in the mould,which is more conducive to the quantitative and automatic production. In the more complicated and abrasive parts of the mould structure,the high performance mold steel materials and the mosaic structure were adopted to improve the die life and reduce the difficulty of the mould processing.
  • 摘要：传统的塑料模具模冷却水路加工往往依赖于钻加工,加工中必须避免干涉到模具机构,钻加工方式是直线型的,不能均衡地降低模温,无法解决塑料制品中许多缺陷.分析了模具中异型冷却水路的原理,并阐述了加工制造过程.对复合加工技术在模具中应用、结合浇口套实例做了介绍,采用异型冷却水路复合加工技术可达到模具均衡冷却,用以提高塑料制品质量.%The traditional molding mould cooling waterway often rely on drilling machining,interference in the field of processing to the mould must be avoided. Drill processing method is linear,it can not reduce the mould temperature evenly,and it can't solve many defects in products molding. The special-shaped principle of cooling water was analysed,such as processing and manufacturing process more in detail. The composite processing technology applied in the mold,combining with an instance of gate set was introduced. The special cooling water way compound processing technology can achieve the mold balanced cooling in order to improve the quality of plastic products.
  • 摘要：利用熔融共混法制备了聚酰胺1010(PA1010)/羟基磷灰石(HA)复合材料,采用傅立叶变换红外光谱、热重分析仪和差示扫描量热仪测试了PA1010/HA复合材料的结构特征和热稳定性,利用电子万能试验机测试了PA1010/HA复合材料的力学性能.结果表明:复合材料中PA1010与HA之间通过氢键作用结合,而氢键作用的主要发生位置在PA1010酰胺键的氨基与HA的羟基之间;PA1010/HA复合材料具有良好的热稳定性,HA的加入对PA1010/HA复合材料的熔点基本没有影响,随着HA含量的增加,其熔融焓和结晶焓都降低.HA的加入,增强了PA1010/HA复合材料的拉伸性能和弯曲性能,与纯PA1010相比,分别提高了33.4%,98.3%.%Polyamide 1010 /hydroxyapatite composites were prepared by melt blending method,the structure feature and thermal stability of polyamide 1010 /hydroxyapatite composites were tested by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning clorimeter. The mechanical properties of the composites were tested by electronic universal testing machine. The results of FTIR demonstrate that polyamide 1010/hydroxyapatite composites has an hydrogen bonding interaction between the hydroxyapatite hydroxyl group and the amino group of the polyamide 1010. Polyamide 1010/hydroxyapatite composites has good thermal stability,the addition of hydroxyapatite have no effect on the melting pointe of composites. With the increase of content of hydroxyapatite,the melting enthalpy and crystallization enthalpy of composites are reduced. The addition of hydroxyapatite enhance the tensile properties and bending properties of composites,the tensile properties are increased by 33.4 % and the bending properties increased by 98.3% compared with the pure polyamide 1010.
  • 摘要：针对碳纤维复合材料层合板面内压缩损伤问题,基于声发射技术分析不同损伤阶段的声发射信号特征.根据加载过程中时间-载荷曲线以及试样破坏断面微观形貌,将损伤过程分为三个阶段:初始损伤阶段主要产生少量基体开裂与纤维-基体界面脱粘,裂纹迅速扩展阶段开始产生纤维剪断以及失稳变形,平稳损伤阶段主要产生失稳变形以及分层裂纹扩展.结合声发射信号的振幅、振铃计数研究损伤过程,并基于小波变换进行损伤信号的时频分析,发现不同损伤类型可通过声发射振幅及频率特征有效识别.%The interlaminar compression damage of carbon/expoxy composite laminates was studied based on acoustic emission technique and acoustic emission characteristics of different types of damage were analyzed. The time load curve of the loading process and the microscopic morphology of the specimen failure section were analyzed,damage evolution was divided into three stages :a small amount of matrix cracking and fiber-matrix debonding was produced in the initial damage stage;in rapid failure stage,fiber-matrix debonding and shear fracture was produced;in stable damage stage,fiber instability deformation and crack propagation of delamination was produced. The process of damage evolution combined with the acoustic emission signal amplitude,counts and time frequency relationship obtained by wavelet transform were analyzed. It was found that different damage types can be identified by the amplitude and frequency characteristics of acoustic emission.
  • 摘要：采用硝酸液相氧化法改性短切碳纤维(NCF),用以制备聚丙烯(PP)复合材料.以纤维含量和纤维种类为变量,通过万能力学试验机、熔体流动速率试验机、差示扫描量热、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜等研究它们对材料力学性能、流动性能、熔融温度以及结晶性能的影响.实验结果表明,纤维的含量影响纤维在基体中的分布,进而显著影响材料的性能,且含量在10%至20%区内时具有较好的增强效果;NCF与PP的界面具有更强的粘附力,这提升了复合材料的力学强度,降低了材料的断裂伸长率,降低了材料的熔融流动速率,提升了材料的结晶温度与结晶度,略微降低了材料的熔融温度;纤维含量与纤维种类均对材料的结晶晶型无明显影响.%The short carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite was prepared by polypropylene (PP) and the Nitric acid oxide carbon fiber (NCF),which was modified by wet chemical method before using. The mechanical properties,melt fluidity, thermal performance and crystalline performance of composites were investigated by using fiber content and fiber type as variables, through the universal mechanical testing machine,the melt flow rate test,differential scanning calorimetry,X ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) etc. The results indicate that the composites achieve the best synthesis mechanical strength when reinforced by NCF when the content of carbon fiber in composites is ranged from 10% to 20%. The PP/NCF composite show better interfacial adhesion which increase crystalline temperatures,crystallinity but decrease the melt temperatures and melt fluidity. The content and sort of carbon fibers have no obviously affect on the crystal form of the composites.
  • 摘要：A novel Pentaerythritol phosphate melamine salt (PPMS-Fe2O3) flame retardant was successfully synthesized by reaction of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles and pentaerythritol melamine salt (PPMS). The chemical structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The effects of PPMS-Fe2O3 on the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of epoxy resin were analyzed by FTIR,thermo-gravimetric analysis (TG),cone calorimeter test and smoke density test. The results show that the incorporation of Fe2O3 improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of epoxy-based intumescent coatings,and the PPMS-5%Fe2O3 acquires the best flame retardant and smoke suppression properties. With addition of same content of flame retardant,the PPMS-Fe2O3 shows better flame retardant and smoke suppression effects in epoxy resin than that of the mixture of PPMS and α-Fe2O3. The TG results show that the addition of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticle can improve the thermal stability and char-forming ability of epoxy -based intumescent fire-retardant coatings,and the PPMS-5%Fe2O3 exhibits the best thermal stability and char-forming ability in epoxy resin. Char residue analysis shows that the incorporation of α-Fe2O3 can promote the formation of more P-N-C and P-O-C network cross-linking structures in the combustion process,then improve the compactness and intumescence of char layer,thus effectively enhancing the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of epoxy resin during combustion process.%使用原位聚合的方法制备含 α-Fe2O3的磷酸季戊四醇三聚氰胺盐(PPMS-Fe2O3),并对其结构和性能进行表征.利用傅立叶变换红外光谱、热重分析(TG)、锥形量热仪测试和烟密度实验研究PPMS-Fe2O3对EP树脂阻燃和抑烟性能的影响.结果表明:PPMS-Fe2O3的阻燃和抑烟效果随纳米 α-Fe2O3增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,其中PPMS-5%Fe2O3试样的阻燃及抑烟性能最佳.此外,相同添加量下的PPMS-Fe2O3纳米复合材料相比于PPMS与纳米 α-Fe2O3的物理共混物具有更好的阻燃和抑烟效率.TG分析表明,添加适量的纳米 α-Fe2O3能显著提高PPMS在EP树脂中的热稳定性和成炭性能,其中PPMS-5%Fe2O3阻燃EP树脂的热稳定性和成炭能力最佳.炭层分析表明,α-Fe2O3在燃烧过程中能促进形成更多的P-N-C和P-O-C网状交联结构,以增强炭层致密性,进而达到较好的协效阻燃和抑烟作用.
  • 摘要：采用自制液晶聚合物(LCP)增韧改性玻璃纤维(GF)/聚酯纤维(PET)增强的环氧树脂(EP)复合材料,并考察了LCP含量对EP复合材料力学性能及热性能的影响,研究了其增韧机理.结果表明,LCP的加入会使EP复合材料的冲击强度有所提高,韧性变好,当LCP含量达到5%,其冲击强度比不添加LCP的复合材料提高了20.89%.LCP的加入在降低储能模量的同时提高了EP复合材料的玻璃化转变温度,5%失重温度也有所提高.LCP的加入使得EP复合材料冲击断口变得粗糙,有利于吸收冲击能量.%Epoxy (EP)/glass fiber (GF)/polyester fiber (PET) composites were toughened by self-made liquid crystal polymer (LCP). The mechanical properties and thermal properties of EP composites were studied by changing the content of LCP. The toughening mechanism of LCP was studied also. The results show that the addition of LCP can improve the impact strength of EP composites. When the content of LCP is 5%,the impact strength of EP composites is increased by 20.89% compared with that without LCP. With the addition of LCP,the storage modulus is decreased. Meanwhile the glass transition temperature and the 5%weight loss temperature of EP composites are increased. The impact fracture of EP composites become rough with the addition of LCP which is beneficial to absorb impact energy.
  • 摘要：Synergistic flame retardant system composed of decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) and antimony trioxide (Sb2O3) was used in polystyrene (PS). The PS board composites were prepared by melt blending-extruded,and the flame retardant effect of Br /Sb flame retardant was investigated under different proportions. The experimental results show that there is a good synergistic effect between DBDPE and Sb2O3. The addition of Br/Sb flame retardant improves the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the composites. When the mass ratio of PS/Br+Sb =83/17 (Br/Sb=17/3),the flame resistance of the composites is the best,and the UL94 test reaches the V-0 level,LOI up to 30.1%. In terms of mechanical properties,the addition of Br/Sb flame retardant does not have much effect on the impact strength of the material,and the tensile strength of the material is weakened.%用十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)和三氧化二锑(Sb2O3)组成的协效阻燃体系作为聚苯乙烯(PS)的阻燃剂,采用熔融共混制备PS片材,并探究了不同配比下,Br/Sb阻燃剂的阻燃效果.结果表明,DBDPE和Sb2O3之间存在很好的协效作用,Br/Sb阻燃剂的加入明显提高了PS的热稳定性及阻燃性能.当PS/(Br+Sb)的质量比为83/17(其中Br/Sb质量比为17/3)时,片材的阻燃性能最佳,其UL94测试达到V-0级别,极限氧指数可达30.1%.在力学性能方面,Br/Sb阻燃剂的加入对PS材料的冲击强度影响较小,其拉伸强度有明显降低.
  • 摘要：选取了几种不同处理工艺制作的苎麻织物,分别对比其化学组成、单丝拉伸性能,以及对比苎麻纤维增强复合材料的力学性能,最终找到最佳的增强材料用苎麻纤维织物的处理方法.结果表明:苎麻纤维被处理的越细,对纤维的力学性能损伤就越大;省去去毛以及漂白工艺,可以使复合材料力学性能有一定程度的提高;生物酶脱胶处理工艺对环境影响更小,而且与化学脱胶相比,纤维的力学性能和复合材料的力学性能基本持平.%The pre-treatment of ramie fabrics have been altered in several ways. Their chemical components and single textile fibers tensile properties were analyzed,respectively. Then the composites were made from the treated fabrics,and their mechanical properties were tested,in order to find the most efficient way to treat with the fabrics. It is found that the thinner the fiber is treated, the more mechanical damage it cost. When the singeing process and bleaching process are subtracted,the mechanical properties of the composite can be increased. The bio-enzyme degumming process can be more mild to the environment,while the mechanical performance of the composite can be equal to the fiber that treated in chemical degumming process.
  • 摘要：The prepolymer was obtained by the reaction of MDI and PTMG with different molecular weights (1400,1800, 2200,2600,3000),34.5% prepolymer solution was prepared with DMAc as solvent,and then spinning solution was prepared by expanding chain with EDA/PDA mixture. Then 5 kinds of spandex samples were obtained by dry spinning,the degree of hydrogen bonding of these samples was measured by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The influence of molecular weight of soft segment on the microphase separation of spandex was also studied by using small angle X ray system and dynamic mechanical analyzer. Finally,the universal material testing machine was selected to test its tensile properties. The results show that with the increase of molecular weight of soft segment,the content of hard segment decrease. Furthermore,the degree of hydrogen bonding, microphase separation and fracture strength of polyurethane all increase until molecular weights 2200 and then decrease. The elongation at break decrease until molecular weights 2200 and then increase with increasing molecular weight of soft segment.%分别采用分子量为1400,1800,2200,2600,3000的不同聚四亚甲基醚二醇和4,4'-二苯基甲烷-二异氰酸酯反应,得到预聚体,用N,N-二甲基乙酰胺作为溶剂配制34.5%的预聚体溶液,后用乙二胺/丙二胺混合物扩链,制成纺丝原液.然后采用溶液干法纺丝得到5种氨纶样品,利用傅立叶变换红外光谱分析仪测试分析了上述样品的氢键化程度,再采用小角X射线系统和动态力学分析仪研究了软段分子量对氨纶的微相分离程度的影响,最后选择万能材料试验机测试其拉伸性能.结果表明:随着软段分子量增加,硬段含量减少,氨纶的氢键化程度、微相分离程度和断裂强力均为先增大后减小,在分子量为2200时达到最大值;同时,断裂伸长率先减小后增大,在分子量为2200时为最小值.
  • 摘要：超高分子量聚乙烯(PE-UHMW)优异的耐磨性使其在工程领域和生物领域得到广泛的应用.综述了减摩耐磨PE-UHMW改性的研究成果,重点阐述无机填料填充改性、接枝改性、辐照交联改性、表面沉积改性等方法对PE-UHMW摩擦磨损性能的改善,并对这些方法的优缺点进行了总结,最后展望了减摩耐磨PE-UHMW改性研究和应用的前景.%Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (PE-UHMW)has been applied in engineering and biology fields because of its wear-resistant. The research results of the anti-friction and wear-resistance PE-UHMW modification were reviewed. It was mainly discussed that the modification methods such as inorganic filler filling,irradiation cross-linking,grafting,surface deposition etc.could improve the friction and wear properties of PE-UHMW. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods were summarized. Finally,the prospect of research and application of PE-UHMW modified friction and wear were mentioned.
  • 摘要：主要介绍了聚乳酸(PLA)的制备、改性以及在包装领域中的应用.指出通过改变PLA立构规整度、与其它单体共聚或与高分子、有机和无机增韧增强剂共混等方法可以很大程度上改善PLA的韧性、耐穿刺性能和耐热性等性能,制备出满足包装应用性能的材料.并且,PLA优异的生物可降解性能和生物可再生性,在很大程度上缓解了资源和环境的压力,是一种发展前景广泛的包装材料.%As a type of new packing materials,the reparation,modification and application in packing of polylactic acid (PLA)were reviewed. It was pointed out that the ductility,puncture resistance and heat resistance properties of PLA could be improvedby improving the isotacticity of PLA,copolymerization with other monomers and blending with polymeric,organic or inorganicassistant. Moreover,the excellent biodegradability and biological renewability of PLA effectively relieve the pressure of resourcesand environment. PLA is promising packaging material.
  • 摘要：通过DOPO(9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物)和多聚甲醛反应制备了含磷单体ODOPM(9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-羟甲基-10-氧化物),并用于制备磷改性酚醛树脂.通过差示扫描量热(DSC)仪测试体系DOPO的反应程度,通过红外光谱表征ODOPM的结构,通过热重分析测试改性酚醛树脂体系的热行为,通过极限氧指数和垂直燃烧法测试树脂体系的阻燃性能,通过扫描电子显微镜观察树脂燃烧后残炭的微观形貌,并采用万能试验机测试树脂样条的强度性能.实验结果表明:实验成果制备得到目标产品ODOPM,随着含磷单体ODOPM含量的提高,酚醛树脂的阻燃性能随着提高,酚醛树脂的残炭量也随着提高.酚醛树脂通过凝聚相阻燃机理起到阻燃作用.当磷改性酚醛树脂的ODOPM单体含量为15%时,树脂的LOI值可以达到32.4%,并通过V-0垂直燃烧测试,并且磷改性酚醛树脂保持较好的强度.%Phosphorus-containing monomer 9,10-dihydro-9-oxo-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-methylol-10-oxide(ODOPM) was synthesized with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxo-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and paraformaldehyde and then uesd to prepare phosphorus-containing phenolic resin. The reaction degree of DOPO was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test. The structure of the ODOPM was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The thermal behavior of modified phenolic resin was measured by thermogravimetric analysis(TG) and the flame retardancy of resin system was measured by limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL-94 test. The micro-morphology of the char residue after combustion of resin was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The strength property of resin spline was tested by universal testing machine. The results show that the target product ODOPM is prepared. The flame retardancy and content of residual char of the phenolic resin increase when the content of phosphorus-containing monomer ODOPM increases. The phenolic resin acts as a flame retardant through the condensed-phase flame retardant mechanism. When the content of ODOPM is 15%,LOI of the resin is 32.4%,pass the V-0 level of the UL-94 test,and also maintain good strength performances.
  • 摘要：目前用于典型液体危化品吸附的材料类型主要有树脂型和有机高聚物超细纤维型,两种类型中分别选取甲基丙烯酸酯吸油树脂和聚丙烯纤维吸附材料,对此两种吸附材料的吸附相关特性进行了对比实验研究,包括吸附倍率与时间的关系、吸附选择性以及循环吸附/解吸特性等.结果表明,两种吸附材料吸附甲苯的吸附平衡时间均为4 s左右,其中聚丙烯纤维吸附材料的平衡吸附倍率为17.82 g/g,为甲基丙烯酸酯吸油树脂的2.2倍;两种吸附材料都具有较好的吸附选择性;聚丙烯纤维吸附材料在吸附甲苯后能够通过挤压方式解吸附实现循环使用,平均解吸率在80%以上;甲基丙烯酸酯吸油树脂在吸附甲苯后无法通过挤压方式进行解吸附.实验结果将为基于吸附材料的水面液体危化品回收设备的研发奠定基础.%The main types of adsorbents used for typical liquid hazardous materials are resin and organic polymer superfine fiber at present. Methacrylate resin adsorbent and polypropylene fiber adsorbent were selected for the two types respectively. The adsorption performances of the two adsorbents were studied,including the relationship between adsorption ratio and time,adsorption selectivity and adsorption/desorption performance. The results show that the adsorption equilibrium time of toluene adsorbed by two adsorbents is about 4 s,and the equilibrium adsorption radio of the polypropylene fiber adsorbent is 17.82 g/g,which is 2.2 times of that of the methacrylate resin adsorbent. Both of the adsorbents have good adsorption selectivity. The polypropylene fiber adsorbent can be recycled by extrusion after adsorption of toluene,and the average desorption rate is above 80%. The methacrylate resin adsorbent after the adsorption of toluene can't be desorbed by extrusion. The experimental results will lay a foundation for the development of liquid hazardous materials recovery equipment based on adsorbent.
  • 摘要：由静电纺丝技术制备的EVOH-SO3Li纳米纤维薄膜的力学性能不高,为了改善薄膜的力学性能,采用多巴胺对EVOH-SO3Li纳米纤维膜进行改性.通过宏观形貌观察、扫描电子显微镜、傅立叶变换红外光谱分析这三种测试方法相结合,表明多巴胺粘附在纳米纤维上,并在纤维膜上进行自聚形成聚多巴胺(PDA).热失重分析结果表明,热失重为10%时PDA改性后的隔膜较未改性的EVOH-SO3Li纯膜提高了67℃.拉伸性能测试结果表明,浸泡浓度为0.015 mol/L时,PDA改性后的隔膜拉伸强度比纯膜提高了11.89 MPa.PDA改性后薄膜的孔隙率有所下降但吸液率提升明显,最高达到了480%.%EVOH-SO3Li nanofiber films were prepared by electrostatic spinning and theirs mechanical property show that are not good enough. Dopamine was used to improve mechanical property of the electrospinning EVOH-SO3Li nanofiber film. Combining the observation of macroscopic morphology and the results of scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy show that nanofibers are adhered by dopamine,self-polymerization is happened on the surface of the nanofibers and dopamine is turnning into polydopamine (PDA). The results of thermogravimetric analysis show that in the case of weight-loss ratio at 10%,the temperature of modified nanofiber film is 67℃ higher than unmodified nanofiber film. In addition,the process of decomposition of the nanofiber film is also changed. The tensile strength test results show that the tensile strength of PDA modified membrane is 11.89 MPa higher than that of the pure membrane when the immersion concentration is 0.015 mol /L. Though the porosity of the films are decreased,liquid absorption rate are increased,up to 480%.
  • 摘要：首先用酸水解法制备纳米纤维素(NCC),通过接枝环氧氯丙烷(ECH)提高了其在环氧树脂(EP)中的分散性,将NCC-g-ECH以不同用量掺入到EP中测试其性能.结果表明,NCC-g-ECH用量为4％时,EP的冲击强度达到38 kJ/m2,弯曲强度为119.11 MPa,掺混后EP的热稳定性也得到了增强.
  • 摘要：采用红磷对三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)进行改性,作为尼龙(PA)6的阻燃剂,研究不同红磷含量改性MCA的结构及阻燃PA6体系的阻燃性能.结果表明,红磷通过干扰三聚氰胺和氰尿酸大平面氢键网络的形成,实现MCA细化.红磷能促进MCA成炭,改性MCA从气相和凝聚相协同阻燃,提高了PA6的阻燃性能.当改性MCA中红磷含量为20％、改性MCA用量为10％时,PA6的阻燃效果最好.
  • 摘要：采用双螺杆挤出机制备滑石粉填充聚丙烯,研究了特定部位捏合块错列角的变化对加工过程的影响.结果表明,改变捏合块错列角,最大喂料量可以从900 kg/h增加到2500 kg/h,提高了177％,且降低能耗,排气正常,生产稳定.
  • 摘要：采用有限元法,利用Polyflow软件计算了Banbury和Roller两种转子密炼机检测线的速度、剪切速率和混合指数分布,对比分析了两种转子的局部混合特性.通过计算停留时间分布、对数拉伸率、平均混合效率和粒子束分布指数等混合参数,对比分析了两种转子密炼机的全局混合特性.在此基础上,研究了具有典型运动规律流体粒子的动力学特性,分析了密炼机流体的位移和速度突变产生的受力和混合突变特征,为深入理解密炼机流体的复杂混合机理提供了一定的理论参考.
  • 摘要：采用1 000次冻融循环试验研究了189不饱和聚酯玻璃钢和MFE-2,MFE-711,MFE-Wl环氧乙烯基酯玻璃钢在海水中的抗冻耐久性能.结果表明,1 000次冻融循环试验后,189不饱和聚酯玻璃钢和MFE-711环氧乙烯基酯玻璃钢的树脂基体在冻融循环产生的应力作用下发生开裂破坏,弯曲强度保留率降低至30％左右,渗入189不饱和聚酯玻璃钢和MFE-711环氧乙烯基酯玻璃钢包覆的混凝土试样表层的氯离子质量分数分别为0.08％和0.12％;MFE-2和MFE-W1环氧乙烯基酯玻璃钢在750次冻融循环后,弯曲强度保留率降至最低值65％,且不再随冻融循环次数增加而降低,1 000次冻融循环后,在MFE-2和MFE-W1环氧乙烯基酯玻璃钢包覆的混凝土试样表层未检测到氯离子渗入,它们的树脂基体在冻融循环产生的应力作用下未发生开裂破坏,具有较好的抗冻耐久性能.玻璃钢复合材料的冻融破坏是缓慢累积的过程,至少需要1 000次的冻融循环试验才能区分其抗冻耐久性能的优劣.
  • 摘要：从共混高分子耐热改性剂、添加无机填料及耐热性聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂等方面总结了提高PVC耐热性的主要方法,并对各种改性方法进行了比较.

    工程塑料应用的期刊信息

    • 曾用名：兵工塑料
    • 创刊时间：1973
    • 地区：CN
    • 语言：中文
    • 热门主题：中国兵器工业集团第五三研究所;中国兵工学会非金属专业委员会;兵器工业非金属材料专业情报网
    • 学科分类： 基本有机化学工业、精细与专用化学品工业;

    工程塑料应用的获奖情况

    • • 2009年《工程塑料应用》被评为新中国60年有影响力的期刊
    • • 2005年《工程塑料应用》获第三届国家期刊奖
    • • 2003年《工程塑料应用》获第二届国家期刊奖
    • • 2001年《工程塑料应用》获中国期刊方阵"双高"期刊奖
    • • 2000年《工程塑料应用》获首届国家期刊奖
    • • 1997年《工程塑料应用》获第二届全国优秀科技期刊一等奖
    • • 1992年《工程塑料应用》获首届全国优秀科技期刊二等奖

    工程塑料应用的收录情况

    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2023版）
    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2020版）
    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2017版）
    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2014版）
    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2011版）
    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2008版）
    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2004版）
    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2000版）
    • 中国·北大核心期刊（1992版）
    • 中国·中国科技核心期刊
    • 中国·中国科学引文数据库-核心（2023-2024）
    • 中国·中国科学引文数据库-核心（2021-2022）
    • 中国·中国科学引文数据库-核心（2019-2020）
    • 中国·中国科学引文数据库-核心（2013-2014）
    • 中国·中国科学引文数据库-核心（2011-2012）
    • 中国·中国科学引文数据库-扩展（2017-2018）
    • 中国·中国科学引文数据库-扩展（2015-2016）
    • 中国·武大RCCSE核心期刊（2020）
    • 日本·日本科学技术振兴机构数据库
    • 美国·化学文摘（网络版）

    工程塑料应用的投稿信息

    • 投稿方式：在线投稿
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    • 邮箱：epa@epa1973.com
    • 期刊栏目：材料与应用；加工；机械与模具；测试与老化；填料与助剂；综述
    免费订阅本刊

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