摘要：
Phonon hydrodynamics is an effective macroscopic method to study heat transport in dielectric solid,which has a clear and intuitive physical picture,and also an elegant and unified mathematical description.The present work provides a systematic summary of its theoretical foundation,historical line,recent progress and applications.The historical line of phonon hydrodynamics consists of three stages in all:the classical phonon hydrodynamics,phenomenological phonon hydrodynamics and generalized phonon hydrodynamics.The unified kinetic theory framework for classical phonon hydrodynamics is first elaborated,with an incorporation of various previous phonon hydrodynamic equations valid in different situations through a Chapman-Ensokg expansion solution to phonon Boltzmann equation.The main idea and content of phenomenological phonon hydrodynamics is then summarized,together with its application in nanoscale heat transport.Its historical logic and limitation is therefore elucidated along the classical phonon hydrodynamics.Meanwhile,to foster the wide applications of phonon hydrodynamics in complex systems,we give an introduction to the recent advance of corresponding numerical schemes,including both phonon lattice Boltzmann method and phonon Monte Carlo method.Finally,the perspectives of phonon hydrodynamics are discussed towards a more accurate description of heat transport in nanosystems.The generalized phonon hydrodynamics is interpreted in terms of its connotation and denotation,as well as the nonequilibrium thermodynamic foundation.The present work aims at promoting the further development of phonon hydrodynamics and its application in uncovering the mechanisms of heat transport in extreme situations.%声子水动力学是研究介电固体中热输运的有效宏观方法,它具有清晰直观的物理图像和简洁统一的数学描述.本文总结了声子水动力学的理论基础、历史脉络、前沿进展与应用.从其历史发展看,声子水动力学经历了经典声子水动力学、唯象声子水动力学以及广义声子水动力学3个阶段.论文首先回顾了经典声子水动力学的统一动理论框架,通过声子Boltzmann方程的Chapman-Enskog渐近展开推导,介绍了前人所得到的不同形式的声子水动力学方程的条件和适用范围.随后总结了唯象声子水动力学的主要概念和内容及在微纳尺度热输运中的应用,并阐明了其沿袭经典声子水动力学发展的历史逻辑与局限性.同时,为了推广声子水动力学在复杂系统中的应用,本文介绍了基于声子水动力学理论的数值方法的最新进展,包括声子格子Boltzmann算法和声子Monte Carlo方法等.为了能让声子水动力学更准确地描述微纳系统中的热传递规律,本文还展望了声子水动力学的未来发展趋势,阐释了广义声子水动力学的内涵和外延,深入探讨了其非平衡热力学的理论基础.本文力图促进声子水动力学的进一步发展及其在揭示极端条件热输运机理方面的应用.
