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现代隧道技术

现代隧道技术

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Modern Tunnelling Technology
本刊为推动我国隧道及地下工程科技进步做出了突出贡献，深受业界人士好评。
  • 发文量：3415
  • 被引量：2661
  • H指数：3
  • 开始收录时间：1989(1)
  • CNKI综合因子：0.817
  • 维普期刊影响因子： 1.62
  • 万方期刊影响因子：1.51
  • 创刊时间：1964
  • 国内刊号/CN：51-1600/U
    国际刊号/ISSN：1009-6582
  • 发行周期：双月刊
    邮发代号：62-197
  • 主管单位：中国铁路工程总公司
    主办单位：中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 中国土木工程学会隧道及地下工程分会
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  • 摘要：考虑围岩不均匀冻胀特性,文章采用数值法建模计算了不同冻土区曲墙式隧道的冻胀力,分析了埋深、衬砌形状对冻胀力量值的影响.结果表明:曲墙式隧道冻胀力包络图呈梨形,衬砌拱脚处的冻胀力最大,仰拱处的冻胀力最小;衬砌所受冻胀力随埋深增大而增大,季节冻土区工程冻土段和多年冻土区多年冻土段隧道埋深大于50m以及多年冻土区工程冻土段隧道埋深大于100m时,衬砌所受冻胀力随埋深增大基本保持不变.不同冻土区、相同级别围岩中,曲墙式衬砌和圆形衬砌所受冻胀力的比值为定值.据此对圆形隧道冻胀力解析解进行改进,得到了不同冻土区隧道冻胀力荷载的分布形式及简化计算方法,并计算了青沙山隧道的冻胀力荷载.冻胀力最大值计算结果与实测值的偏差在16％～33％之间,计算冻胀力包络曲线与实测情况在量值和分布特征上吻合良好.该方法不需要进行建模,比数值方法更加快捷,又考虑了埋深、衬砌形状对冻胀力的影响,弥补了解析解的不足,能够应用于寒区隧道冻胀力的计算,具有很强的实用性.
  • 摘要：小净距隧道下穿采空区地层施工时,相邻隧道的施工扰动会出现叠加,严重影响采空区地层的稳定性.文章开展了小净距隧道下穿采空区地层施工的室内相似模型试验,对施工过程中围岩及采空区的沉降进行了监测.试验考虑了采空区倾角为15°和25°两种情况,通过控制岩块抗压强度和孔隙度两个指标,实现了采空区地层离散性的模拟以及模型与原型的相似.结果表明:采空区地层在左、右洞及中岩墙上方有3处沉降极值点,其中先行洞上方沉降最大;倾角越大,采空区地层沉降越大、沉降范围越广;小净距隧道开挖引起的最大沉降较单洞高35％～74％,且先行洞开挖对后行洞上方采空区地层沉降的影响小于后行洞开挖对先行洞上方采空区地层沉降的影响;采空区地层沉降过程可分为6个阶段,其中左、右洞开挖面通过时沉降发展较快.因此,在实际施工过程中,为了避免后行洞开挖时扰动范围的扩大,后行洞开挖宜在先行洞开挖引起的采空区地层沉降稳定或二次衬砌施作后进行.
  • 摘要：在荷载结构模型、弹性链杆有限元法的基础上,文章采用叠合梁模型模拟计算双层模筑混凝土衬砌的受力情况.双层衬砌之间通过只能受压的径向弹簧传递接触压力,达到双层模筑混凝土衬砌共同承担围岩荷载、自动分配荷载比例的目的.计算结果表明:叠合梁模型在分析双层模筑混凝土衬砌安全稳定性时具有传统方法所不具有的优势,该模型可以为复杂隧道衬砌结构的设计和检算提供一个新思路,同时采用叠合梁模型进行双层模筑混凝土隧道衬砌受力检算时,建议层间弹簧弹性系数在拱腰以下取500 MPa/m、拱腰拱顶范围取300 MPa/m.
  • 摘要：在盾构隧道施工中使用无轨运输能加快掘进速度,减小对环境扰动,但也会增加运输风险.文章在系统分析无轨运输系统相关因素的基础上,构建了包含运输人员、洞内环境、运输情况及安全管理在内的无轨运输系统安全性二级模糊综合评判模型.针对定量和定性因素并存的特点,分别采用三角形模糊分布和专家打分法获得定量指标和定性指标的隶属度;为了消除单个决策者的主观偏好影响,利用基于群组决策的层次分析法获得权重向量并应用加权平均法进行模糊综合运算.该模型应用于南京地铁十号线过江盾构隧道无轨运输系统安全性评价,评判结果为基本安全.根据结果进行改进后,施工期间未发生安全事故,验证了模型的有效性.
  • 摘要：施工开挖方案的合理选择对控制紧邻既有线地铁车站基坑工程的变形至关重要.文章以深圳11号线前海湾站基坑工程为背景,采用有限元软件建立三维数值模型,考虑土体、围护结构和支撑体系的相互作用,对基坑明挖顺筑法和盖挖逆筑法两种施工方案进行动态研究.结果表明,与明挖顺筑法相比,盖挖逆筑法可有效控制围护结构的变形,但围护桩所产生的弯矩和剪力相对较大.研究结果可为深基坑施工方案提供必要的理论数据支撑.
  • 摘要：隐式中墙复合式连拱隧道在长距离浅埋暗挖施工过程中,面临管棚超前支护施作工序复杂、先开挖侧隧道拱腰至边墙处应力集中以及中墙顶部区域夹岩稳定性差等技术难题.文章以某一具体工程为例,为解决大管棚工作室对连拱隧道施工效率的影响问题,采用了无室管棚技术;并从中墙顶部区域设置加长网状的非等参系统锚杆、中墙与先行洞衔接处初期支护的圆顺过渡和临时中墙两侧设置自进式锚杆悬吊这三个方面对隐式中墙复合式连拱隧道进行了优化设计和计算分析.分析结果表明:在采用上述三种结构优化设计后,隐式中墙复合式连拱隧道的施工安全性得到大幅提高;隐式中墙复合式连拱隧道采用优化结构,并采用无室管棚技术,实现了连拱隧道的安全快捷施工,具有较好的应用前景.
  • 摘要：太岳山隧道全长约16 km,隧道穿越多个断层富水段,涌水量大,水压高,断层带较破碎,且围岩岩层主要为水平砂泥岩互层,具有一定的膨胀性.工程地质条件非常复杂,施工难度极大.针对太岳山隧道的工程特点及施工难点,文章基于台阶法施工、钻爆作业、通风和排水等方面,对相应施工关键技术进行了优化改进.最终,通过采用改进的施工技术,加快了施工速度,保证了该隧道施工的优质高效.
  • 摘要：针对隧道掌子面地质信息管理存在的诸多问题,文章基于物联网及云计算构建了隧道掌子面地质信息管理大数据平台,实现了隧道掌子面地质信息化管理并满足了数据共享与深度挖掘的需求.经现场使用,表明该平台实现了隧道掌子面地质信息大数据的收集、处理及存储功能,达到了在线快速程序化处理及报表自动生成效果,为隧道信息化建设提供了新的技术平台.%Aimed at the problems that exist for geological information management of the tunnel face and based on the internet of things and cloud computing, a big data platform for geological information management of the tunnel face was established to realize geological information management of tunnel face and meet the demands of data shar-ing and data mining. Field practice shows that this big data platform allows for data collection and processing as well as for storing geological information at the tunnel face and rapid online program processing and automatic re-port generation, thereby providing a brand-new technology platform for tunnel information construction.
  • 摘要：Since freezing damage occasionally occurs in cold region tunnels, it is very important to study the tem-perature field distribution and effects of surrounding rock properties. Based on a highway tunnel in Liaoning prov-ince, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were used to study the temperature field of cold region tunnels under the effects of thermal-fluid-solid coupling, the temperature field distribution along the longitudinal profile and cross section of tunnels was obtained and the influence of the initial ground temperature and thermal conductivi-ty coefficient of surrounding rock on the temperature field in cold region tunnels was studied. Findings indicate that the higher the initial ground temperature, the smaller the thermal conductivity coefficient, and that it is better to solve the freezing problems in cold region tunnels under the influence of a negative temperature airflow. This paper provides reference and guidance for anti-freezing design in similar tunnels.%寒区隧道冻害问题时有发生,深入研究温度场分布规律及围岩特性对其的影响对解决冻害问题至关重要.文章依托辽宁省某寒区公路隧道,采用理论分析、数值计算等手段对热-流-固耦合作用下的寒区隧道温度场进行研究,得出了隧道纵断面和横断面的温度场分布规律,分析了围岩初始地温和导热系数对寒区隧道温度场的影响规律.研究发现,初始地温越高、导热系数越小,越有利于负温气流影响下的寒区隧道抗防冻工作,可为后续类似工程的抗防冻设计提供借鉴和指导.
  • 摘要：TBM工法因其安全、经济和快速的特点成为隧道工程施工发展的一大方向.不论从施工过程方面还是从经济成本方面来讲,刀盘和刀具的研究均是TBM研究的核心问题.文章采用离散元PFC建立滚刀破岩数值力学模型,通过滚刀破岩裂缝数量、宽度、深度及延伸长度来判断不同形状尺寸滚刀的破岩效果,基于滚刀受力与贯入度关系曲线多峰值跃进特征,以及以两滚刀裂缝贯通为基准,得出不同岩性条件下合理的贯入度及与其匹配的最优滚刀间距.研究成果对不同岩性条件下TBM隧道优化掘进参数提供了有益参考.%The TBM method has become the standard of tunnel construction by virtue of its safety, economy and speed. Studies on the cutter head and cutters are central to the TBM method in terms of both construction process and economic cost. A mechanical and numerical model of a cutter breaking rock was established by the PFC meth-od, which determines the rock-breaking effect of cutters of different sizes in terms of the number of cracks as well as their width, depth and extending lengths. Appropriate cutter penetration and the corresponding optimal cutter spac-ing for different rock lithologies were obtained based on the multiple leaping characteristics of peak values of the re-lationship curve of cutter force and penetration as well as the through cracks between two cutters. The results pro-vide a reference for the optimization of driving parameters of TBM tunnels with different lithologies.
  • 摘要：在山岭隧道洞口边坡工程中锚杆(索)是常用的一种加固方式,而锚固角是锚杆(索)设计中的一个关键参数,其对洞口边坡的稳定性和工程的经济性均会产生影响.文章通过综合分析锚杆(索)锚固角对边坡加固工程安全性的影响,提出隧道洞口坡面锚杆(索)最优锚固角的计算表达式,并通过工程实例验证了锚固角计算式的有效性.%The anchor bolt (cable) is commonly used in slope reinforcement, and the anchoring angle is a key pa-rameter of the design that affects both slope stability and engineering costs. In this paper, a calculation expression for the optimal angle of the anchor bolt (cable) used in a tunnel portal slope was proposed based on a comprehensive analysis of the effects of the anchoring angle on slope stability;the practicability of this calculation expression is ver-ified by a project case.
  • 摘要：受周边既有建筑物的影响,对地下车站施工的要求较高.洞桩法因其施工安全可靠、对周围环境影响较小等优点,在复杂建(构)筑物环境中得到了广泛的应用.然而,洞桩法施工力学行为复杂,采用常规荷载-结构模型进行洞桩法地铁车站结构设计时,其内力分析结果与实际内力具有一定的差异,由此可能导致结构设计不合理.文章依托北京地铁某洞桩法车站工程,开展了洞桩法施工力学行为模型试验研究与数值模拟分析,揭示了洞桩法地铁车站施工过程中中柱、边桩以及顶拱等位置的内力变化特点,基于荷载-结构模型,提出了洞桩法地铁车站力学分析的修正荷载模式及其对应的荷载-结构模型.%The requirements of underground subway station construction have become more complicated with the effects of, and requirements regarding, existing buildings and complex environments. The Pile-Beam-Arch (PBA) method is widely used in light of the advantages of safety and decreased impact on the environment under complex building conditions. However, the construction mechanical behavior of the PBA method is very complicated, and there are some differences between the internal forces predicted by traditional load-structure design models and the actual forces, which may result in inappropriate structure design if using the common load-structure model for a PBA subway station. Based on a station project of the Beijing metro, this paper carries out a model experimental study and numerical simulation for the mechanical behavior of the PBA method, which reveals internal force varia-tions for the middle column, side pile and crown during the construction process, leading to a proposed modified load-structure model for mechanical analysis of the subway station by the PBA method.
  • 摘要：STS(Steel Tube Slab)管幕工法是修建超浅埋地铁车站的一种新型施工方法.它采用混凝土、翼缘板以及螺栓将若干个钢管连接起来,形成一个共同受力的支护结构.文章以沈阳地铁某车站为依托,对带翼缘板钢管顶进施工中面临的施工难点及纠偏技术进行了研究,并对此提出了解决方案及控制措施,为今后STS管幕施工的推广提供了参考依据.%The STS (Steel Tube Slab) curtain method, which consists of a load supporting structure formed by the coupling of steel tubes with concrete, flange slabs and bolts, is a new construction method used in the construction of super-shallow subway stations. Based on a subway station in Shenyang, this paper studies the construction diffi-culties and rectification techniques in the jacking construction of a steel tube with flange slabs, and presents rele-vant solutions and control measures, thereby providing a reference for the popularization of the STS curtain method.
  • 摘要：According to the characteristics of highway tunnel accidents, the subject tunnel was divided into three research sections. A comprehensive analysis of the various factors affecting the operational safety of highway tunnels was carried out, a hierarchical structure model of the three sections was set up, and relative weights of the factors in-fluencing the evaluated objects were obtained by an analytical model. Finally, a multi-hierarchy comprehensive evaluation on the three sections was carried out by the fuzzy logic comprehensive judgment method, and a scientific and reasonable method for highway tunnel operational security risk assessment was developed.%根据高速公路隧道交通事故特点,文章将隧道分为三个研究区段,同时较全面分析了影响高速公路隧道运营安全的各个因素,建立了三个区段的递阶层次结构模型.通过分析模型,得出各区段影响因素对各个评价目标的相对权重.再运用模糊综合评判法分别对三个区段进行多层次的综合评估,建立了一套科学合理的高速公路隧道运营安全风险评估方法.
  • 摘要：The structural safety of shield tunnels is fundamental for urban rail transit. Therefore, tunnel disasters need to be controlled immediately whenever they occur, otherwise they will be a serious threat to the tunnel′s struc-ture and operation. For this reason, prevention and control of structural disasters is the most important issue for a tunnel′s structural safety. Since there is an increasing number of tunnel defects occurring in the tunnels operated in Shanghai and Nanjing, this paper classifies the structural disasters into four categories based on a contrastive analy-sis of shield tunnel projects (i.e., longitudinal uneven settlement, convergence and deformation, water leakage and structure damage) and presents a detailed analysis and discussion of the occurrence mechanism of each disaster as well as treatment measures and suggestions. Additionally, it details the key technologies and processes commonly used in tunnel disaster prevention and control, such as steel fiber reinforced concrete and instant sealing with chemi-cal grouts. Finally, it predicts the future development of shield tunnel structural disaster prevention and control in China in terms of concepts, systems, mechanism construction and technical breakthroughs.%城市轨道交通是城市正常运行的保障,盾构隧道结构安全则是其基础.面对隧道工程中出现的各种灾害,若不及时进行有针对性的治理,必将对隧道结构及运营安全带来严重威胁,因此隧道结构灾害防治是确保隧道结构安全的重中之重.文章针对我国基础建设发展较早的上海、南京等城市陆续出现且日益增多的隧道病害现象,结合相关盾构隧道工程实例对比分析结果,将盾构隧道结构病害分为纵向不均匀沉降、收敛变形、渗漏水及结构损伤等四类,并对各类灾害现象发生机理、针对性治理措施及建议进行了详细的分析与论述.同时,详细阐述了目前在隧道灾害防治中广泛应用的钢纤维混凝土、化学注浆快速封堵等关键技术与工艺.最后,从理念、制度机制建设、方法及技术突破等方面对我国盾构隧道结构灾害防治的发展趋势进行了展望.
  • 摘要：盾构隧道纵向刚度相比于横向刚度小,地震作用下容易因过大的变形而产生震害,特别是在地层或结构本身发生突变的部位,纵向抗震问题更加值得关注.文章采用地层-结构模型,基于纵向等效刚度模型计算了不同地震作用下隧道纵向动力响应,并对纵向转角、管片及接头螺栓应力等抗震指标进行了验算.计算结果表明:软硬突变地层是盾构隧道纵向抗震薄弱部位,软土侧结构内力显著增大的区域达到隧道外径的4倍;当地震波横向激振时,纵向弯矩起控制作用,而纵向输入时,则是较高的轴力对结构起控制作用;相同水平地震作用下,地震波纵向激振对结构的受力影响与横向相比更加不利.%As the longitudinal stiffness of shield tunnels is less than that of transverse sections, it is likely to suffer from seismic damage caused by excessive deformation, especially at places where the ground or the structure chang-es suddenly, and so the longitudinal aseismic study is worthy of attention. Based on the ground-structure mode, this paper uses a longitudinal equivalent stiffness model to simulate the longitudinal dynamic response of shield tunnels under different seismic actions and to verify the aseismic indicators of the longitudinal rotation angle, segment and joint bolt stress. The results show that:the areas with abrupt changes between hard and soft ground are the weakest parts of shield tunnels regarding the longitudinal aseismic design, and the areas where the internal forces of the tun-nel structure increase obviously at the soft ground side are four times the areas covered by the tunnel external diame-ter;when the seismic wave spreads in a lateral direction, the longitudinal moment plays a control role, and when the seismic wave is input vertically, the higher axial force plays the control role;and the tunnel structure is in a more un-favorable condition with longitudinal seismic excitation as compared to lateral excitation under the same level of seismic action.
  • 摘要：结构动力试验是探究结构地震响应机理的重要研究手段之一.目前在研究隧道工程结构地震响应机理的动力试验中所采用的模型箱主要有刚性模型箱、柔性模型箱以及层状剪切模型箱,但这三种模型箱因各自的结构特点都具有一定的缺陷和不足.为了达到更好的试验效果,文章提出一种新型试验模型箱——动静耦合模型箱,并通过振动台动力试验验证该模型箱的有效性.基于该模型箱提出了一种研究隧道工程结构地震响应的新方法——拟静力法.通过动力试验和拟静力法试验结果的对比,认为拟静力法试验可以一定程度替代动力试验,既拓宽了该模型箱的试验方式,同时也拓宽了隧道地震响应模型试验的研究方法.%A structural dynamic test is an important research technique for evaluating structural seismic response mechanisms. The types of model boxes used to research the seismic response mechanisms of underground structures are mostly rigid, flexible and layered-shear, which have some defects and shortcomings. A new type of model box that is a coupling of static and dynamic modes and a new test method named the pseudo-static method are intro-duced in this paper and their effectiveness is validated by a dynamic test with a shaking table. A pseudo-static method is proposed to study the seismic response of tunnel structures. By comparing the results of the dynamic test and the pseudo-static test, it is determined that it is possible for the pseudo-static method to replace the dynamic test to some extent, which broadens both the testing method for this model box and the studying method for a model test of the seismic responses of tunnels.
  • 摘要：With the development of subway shield technology, the quasi-rectangular shield tunnel is gradually coming to prominence. Since the effect of construction loads on the shield tunnel′s structure cannot be ignored, a field experiment regarding a lining′s structural behavior under the construction load was carried out to evaluate the mechanical effect of simultaneous grouting on the structural behavior of the lining, using the quasi-rectangular shield tunnel in Ningbo as an engineering model. Studies show that the area affected by grouting pressures is gener-ally concentrated in a location approximately three segment rings away from the shield tail. Because of the grouting effect, the load on the lining structure during construction is higher than that in the final state, and the load distribu-tion trends to be asymmetrical and the measured grouting pressure affected area is larger than shown by the design model.%伴随着地铁盾构技术的不断发展,类矩形地铁盾构逐渐进入人们的视线.盾构隧道施工荷载对隧道结构有不容忽视的影响,文章以宁波类矩形盾构隧道为依托,开展了施工荷载作用下的衬砌结构受力现场试验研究,探讨了施工阶段同步注浆对衬砌结构受力的影响.研究表明:注浆压力的影响区域主要集中在盾尾后面三环的距离;施工期的注浆作用会使衬砌结构受力整体大于稳定后的结构受力,且会引起荷载的不对称分布;注浆压力的实测影响范围大于设计模型中的作用范围.
  • 摘要：Large deformation of tunnels in soft rock is a common and major engineering geological hazard that se-verely hampers construction progress and safety. In this paper, using the Muzhailing tunnel on the newly-built Lan-zhou–Chongqing railway as an example, the large deformation mechanism of soft rock tunnels is analyzed from the aspects of lithology, underground water, geological structure, ground stress and construction technology, and the fail-ure characteristics of large surrounding rock deformation in the Muzhailing tunnel and corresponding measures are elucidated.%软岩隧道大变形是一种常见且重大的工程地质问题,严重影响隧道施工的安全和进度.文章以新建兰渝线木寨岭隧道为例,从围岩的岩性、地下水、地质构造、地应力、施工工艺等方面进行了软岩隧道大变形机理分析,阐述了木寨岭隧道围岩大变形的破坏特征以及控制大变形的措施.
  • 摘要：In this paper, by means of temperature data information collected by the FBG system, we establish a re-construction method for the source position, length of the inverse smoke-flow layer and cross section temperature distribution of a tunnel fire, which allows the reconstruction and visualization of fire behaviour in case of a tunnel fire and provides help for evacuation and rescue efforts in tunnels. Based on the tunnel fire dynamic early-warning, evacuation and rescue technology, we develop a tunnel fire dynamic early-warning, evacuation and rescue system that has been applied to the Dalianlu Tunnel. A site fire test is conducted to calibrate the key operation parameters of the system and verify its availability.%文章借助光栅光纤火灾报警系统采集到的温度数据信息,建立隧道火源点定位、烟气逆流层长度及隧道横断面温度重构方法,实现隧道火灾工况下火情重构及可视化,从而为隧道疏散救援提供帮助.基于隧道火灾动态预警疏散救援技术,开发了隧道火灾动态预警疏散救援系统,并开展了大连路隧道现场火灾试验,标定系统关键运行参数并验证了系统的有效性.
  • 摘要：During tunnel construction at high altitudes, construction crews often encounter an oxygen deficit and their labor intensity is different than when they are working in normal-altitude (plain area) tunnels. In this paper, us-ing the Queershan tunnel as an engineering case, the labor intensity classification standard for tunnel construction procedures in a plain area is obtained according to the national physical labor intensity classification standards and actual research results. Based on the principle of alveolar ventilation, the correction coefficient of the average meta-bolic rate changing with altitude is obtained. Considering the correction coefficient of the average energy metabolic rate changing with altitude for physical labor, the labor intensity indexes and classifications of critical tunnel con-struction procedures under different altitudes and the labor intensity classification of critical construction proce-dures in the Queershan tunnel are calculated. By comparative analysis, it is found that the labor intensity classifica-tion of critical construction procedures in the Queershan tunnel is generally one level higher than the labor intensity of tunnel construction in plain areas (normal altitudes).%高海拔隧道施工中,施工人员容易出现缺氧等现象,人体劳动强度与在平原隧道施工时的情况存在差异.文章依托雀儿山隧道工程,基于国家劳动强度分级标准及实际调研成果,得到了平原地区隧道施工工序的劳动强度等级划分标准;基于肺泡通气量原理,得到了平均代谢率随海拔高度变化的修正系数;考虑人体劳动的平均能量代谢率海拔修正系数,计算得到了不同海拔下隧道关键施工工序的劳动强度指数和强度等级以及雀儿山隧道关键施工工序的劳动强度等级.通过对比分析可知,雀儿山隧道关键施工工序的劳动强度等级普遍比平原隧道施工的强度等级高一级.
  • 摘要：作为威胁隧道安全运营的主要灾害之一,火灾会对衬砌结构产生严重的损伤乃至破坏.盾构隧道衬砌由于在火灾高温下发生爆裂,且接头连接部位薄弱,容易发生突然破坏;同时,由于软土盾构隧道周围地层的约束作用不强,衬砌结构体系受火灾损害后垮塌的风险极高.文章通过数值计算方法研究了火灾不同升温曲线下地层弹性约束下的盾构隧道衬砌结构温度特征及力学行为,包括衬砌结构体系的温度场、变形以及内力分布的规律,深入探究了埋深、爆裂、错缝拼接以及管片分布变化等因素对该复合体系结构的影响.%As one of the main disasters threatening the safe operation of tunnels, fire can seriously damage or de-stroy tunnel lining structures. Spalling of a shield tunnel lining may occur due to fire, and the lining is prone to abrupt failure at the joints between segments. Meanwhile, the risk of collapse of tunnel lining structures due to fire is extremely high, thanks to low restraint of the ground around the shield tunnel. Through numerical calculations, we study the temperature characteristics and mechanical behaviors of shield tunnel lining structures under different heating curves and ground elastic restraints—including the temperature field, deformation and internal force distri-bution of the lining structure system and explore the effects of key factors like buried depth, spalling, staggered erec-tion and segment layout variation on the compound structural system.
  • 摘要：Dynamic triaxial tests of loess samples from the Lanzhou Subway Line 1 were performed under subway-included dynamic loadings with different dominant frequencies and a constant cyclic dynamic loading with the fre-quency of 1 Hz. With the comparison of test results, we analyze the dynamic stress-strain relation, dynamic shear modulus ratio and damping ratio characteristics of the loess under the effects of dynamic load and also study the ac-cumulated deformation properties of loess under cyclic loading. The results show that vibration frequency has an ob-vious influence on the dynamic behaviors and cumulative plastic deformation of the loess—with an increasing vibra-tion frequency, the dynamic stress required for achieving a certain stage of deformation increases significantly. With a smaller vibration frequency, the dynamic shear modulus ratio decreases more rapidly with an increase of the dy-namic strain;with the same dynamic shear strain, the Gd/Gdmax is smallest while at a vibration frequency of 2.5 Hz, and it reaches maximum dynamic stress and Gd/Gdmax under the same dynamic strains. Moreover, the cumulative plas-tic deformation of the loess under dynamic loadings with different vibration frequencies could be split into three stag-es, which are:the rapidly-deforming stage, the slowly-deforming stage, and the fundamentally-stable stage. Howev-er, in the slowly-deforming stage and the fundamentally-stable stage, vibration times required to achieve a certain deformation will increase with the increase of the vibration frequency. Dynamic loadings from a subway with a vibra-tion frequency between 0.4 Hz and 0.6 Hz have the most serious influence on the deformation of loess in Lanzhou.%文章通过对取自兰州市轨道交通1号线的黄土施加不同优势频率的地铁循环荷载进行动三轴试验,并通过与1 Hz等幅正弦循环荷载作用下的动三轴试验结果进行对比,分析了地铁动荷载作用下兰州黄土的动应力-动应变关系、动剪切模量比和阻尼比特征,研究了地铁循环荷载作用下兰州黄土的累积变形特性.结果表明:振动频率对黄土动力特性和累积塑性变形的影响显著,随着振动频率增加,达到一定变形所需的动应力明显增大;频率越小,动剪切模量比随动剪应变的增大衰减较快,动剪应变相同时Gd/Gdmax最小;振动频率为2.5 Hz时黄土在相同动应变下的动应力和Gd/Gdmax均最大.不同振动频率的循环荷载作用下黄土的累积塑性变形均经历急剧变形、缓慢变形和稳定三个阶段,但在缓慢变形和稳定阶段,达到一定变形所需的振动次数随振动频率的增大而增大.频率范围为0.4~0.6 Hz的地铁振动荷载对兰州黄土变形的影响最为显著.
  • 摘要：Based on the Hongzhuanlu jacking pipe tunnel project underneath Zhongzhou Avenue in Zhengzhou City, we studied the influence of changing contents of materials—including bentonite, CMC, soda ash and PHP—on the properties of a thixotropic slurry, then determined its mix proportions. Furthermore, we also studied the technolo-gies of slurry preparation, grouting equipment selection, grouting parameter design, the arrangement of grouting holes, synchronous grouting and secondary grouting and surface waxing of tunnel elements per the situation of field construction. The theoretical calculation and field testing showed that after applying resistance reducing technolo-gies the values of the maximum jacking force and the average friction resistance coefficient for the vehicle tunnel tube with a large cross section is reduced by 56.3%and 62.3%, respectively, and 56.7%and 60.9%for the non-ve-hicle tunnel tube with a small cross section, which indicates that these technologies are effective.%文章依托郑州市红专路下穿中州大道顶管隧道工程,通过室内泥浆性能试验,研究了膨润土、CMC、纯碱和PHP四种材料含量的改变对触变泥浆性能的影响规律,并由此确定了触变泥浆的配合比.然后,结合现场施工情况,研究了触变泥浆制备、注浆设备选型、注浆参数设计、梅花形注浆孔位布置、同步注浆和二次注浆施工以及管节表面涂蜡等减阻技术.最后,通过土压力理论计算和现场实测得出结论:采取减阻技术措施后,机动车大断面隧道的最大顶推力和平均摩阻系数分别减小了56.3%和62.3%;非机动车隧道的最大顶推力和平均摩阻系数分别减小了56.7%和60.9%,减阻技术应用效果良好.
  • 摘要：This paper describes the development status of light-storing and reflective material, including perfor-mance and spectrum experiments aimed at optimizing the energy consumption and operational safety of highway tun-nels. The authors systematically analyze the effect of tunnel light-storing and reflective materials used for auxiliary energy-saving lighting based on the concept of mesopic vision using a calculation method with a spectrum S/P val-ue. The results show that:1) the measured diffuse reflectance of light-storing and reflective material is about 80%, and the percentage of electric energy savings can reach about 15%with this material when used in tunnels;2) due to the unique material composition of the light-storing and reflective material, its reflecting function significantly im-proves the spectral distribution of LED lamps and car headlights, and also increases the S/P value of the original light source;3) the changing rules of S/P value accord with the theoretical cognition on light and color response of human eyes under mesopic vision, and it is an effective and reasonable evaluation method relative to the tunnel′s re-flective spectrum.%文章阐述了蓄反光材料的发展,针对公路隧道中的能耗与安全问题,开展了两类蓄反光材料反光的性能试验及光谱实验,基于中间视觉理念引入了光谱S/P值的计算方法,系统地分析了隧道蓄反光侧壁材料在隧道内辅助节能照明方面的应用效果,研究表明:(1)蓄反光侧壁材料的实测漫反射率为80%左右,初步估算蓄反光侧壁材料在隧道内可节约15%左右的电能;(2)由于蓄反光侧壁材料独特的材料组成,其反光作用对隧道LED灯与汽车大灯的光谱分布均有显著的改善作用,能够提高原光源的光谱S/P值;(3)S/P值的大小规律符合人眼在中间视觉亮度条件下对光色敏感程度的理论认知,是一种较为有效、合理的隧道反光光谱的评价方法.
  • 摘要：With the development of rail transit construction in recent years, the study of train vibration and vibra-tion isolation has produced a general concern in engineering. As the 2.5D FEM is efficient at analyzing complex dy-namic problems, this paper sums up thoughts about the 2.5D FEM analysis application and the research status of train vibrations and vibration-isolation issues from the two aspects of elastic subsoil and saturated subsoil based on domestic and overseas investigations. Previous research has mostly focused on the elastic subsoil and railway trains;a few studies have focused on the saturated subsoil, subway trains and calculation method optimization, but only con-sidered the effect of a single train on surroundings and buildings instead of the vibration response between adjacent trains. In light of the characteristics of dynamic problems concerning train operation, this paper discusses potential directions for research of and prospects for train vibrations and vibration isolation analysis by 2.5D FEM.%近年来随着轨道交通建设快速发展,列车振动及隔振研究逐渐为工程界所关注,而2.5维有限元法由于其快速、高效等优点在分析复杂的动力学问题上优势明显.在调研国内外研究工作的基础上,文章主要从弹性土地基、饱和土地基两方面,总结了采用2.5维有限元法分析列车振动及隔振问题的应用思路及相关研究现状.已有的研究成果主要针对弹性地基、铁路列车,较少关于饱和土地基、地铁列车、计算方法优化等方面的研究,并且现有成果都是考虑单个列车对周围环境、建筑物的影响,并未考虑邻近列车间的振动响应作用.结合列车运营引起的动力问题特点,文章提出了采用2.5维有限元法分析列车振动及隔振问题的研究方向和发展趋势,可为相关研究提供有益的参考.
  • 摘要：文章基于Duncan-Chang模型,通过进行未含有和含有垂直节理的黄土三轴压缩试验,获得两者的应力—应变关系曲线.研究发现:同一围压下含有及未含有垂直节理的黄土应力—应变关系曲线均集中于较窄范围;经归一化处理所获得窄带内的平均曲线,可综合反映实际工程中黄土的物理力学性质;由平均曲线得到含有垂直节理的黄土应力—应变关系表达式及其参数;最终建立适用于潘涧河隧道Q3黄土的工程实用性模型,可为后续开展湿陷性黄土相关研究奠定基础.%Based on the Duncan-Chang Model, the stress-strain relation curves of collapsible loess with or without vertical joints were obtained through triaxial compression tests. The results show that under the same confining pres-sure, the stress-strain curves of collapsible loess with or without vertical joints are concentrated in a narrow range;the average value curve in the narrow band obtained by normalized processing can comprehensively reflect the loess physical and mechanical properties in practical engineering;and the stress-strain relation expression for loess with vertical joints and its relative parameters are given by an average value curve. A practical engineering model suit-able for Q3 loess in the Panjianhe tunnel is established which lays a solid foundation for a follow-up study of collaps-ible loess.
  • 摘要：木寨岭隧道实测最大水平地应力达到27.16 MPa,岩石强度应力比为0.49,处于极高地应力状态.针对木寨岭隧道施工过程中发生的初期支护大变形、二次衬砌开裂等情况,文章通过实测和数值模拟等方法,分析了衬砌-围岩结构体系的变形受力特征.首先,通过对比衬砌-围岩结构体系中有、无应力松弛区两种工况条件下衬砌应力集中系数的变化,分析应力松弛区的作用;然后,研究了应力松弛区弹性模量Er、应力松弛区厚度La、侧压力系数λ和隧道断面形状等因素对衬砌-围岩结构体系中应力分布的影响作用;进而简单分析了木寨岭隧道岭脊段衬砌开裂的原因.%With a maximum horizontal geostress of 27.16 MPa and a rock strength-stress ratio of 0.49, the Muzhail-ing tunnel at the ridge section of the Lanzhou-Chongqing Railway is under extremely high geostress. Focused on the problems of initial support deformation and secondary lining cracking during the construction of the Muzhailing tun-nel, this paper analyzes the deformation and mechanical characteristics of the surrounding rock-lining structure by actual measurements and numerical simulation. Specifically, it addresses the effects of a stress relaxation zone by comparing changes to the lining′s stress concentration factors regarding a surrounding rock-lining structure with or without stress relaxation zones;examines the effects of the elasticity modulus Er on the stress relaxation zone, thick-ness La of the stress relaxation zone, lateral pressure coefficient and tunnel sectional form on the stress distribution of the surrounding rock-lining structure;and analyzes the causes of lining cracking for the Muzhailing tunnel at the ridge section.
  • 摘要：In order to evaluate the characteristics of frozen interbedded soil consisting of clay and sandy soil, in-door bending and shear experiments were carried out with a test specimen of frozen soil. Based on the bending exper-iments of compound beams, this paper shows the effects of preparation, location of the sand layer and the proportion of the sand layer thickness on the load, displacement, neutral axis movement, bending elastic modulus and deforma-tion resistance. Bending and shear experiments of overlapping beams prove that the frozen interbedded soil beam may be regarded as a compound beam. Finally, an analytical method for the deformation of frozen interbedded soil is proposed, the results of which basically agree with the ones measured by an extensometer in bending experiments.%为正确评价由粘性土和砂质土构成的互层冻土的特性,文章采用互层冻土的试验试件,进行了室内弯曲试验和剪切试验.通过合成梁的弯曲试验,判明了砂层的配置位置及砂层厚度所占的比例对荷载和位移、中性轴移动、弯曲弹性模量、抗变形力的影响.通过重叠梁的弯曲试验及剪切试验,证实了可将互层冻土梁视为合成冻土梁.最后提出了互层冻土的变形解析方法,其变形解析结果与弯曲试验的位移测量值基本相符.
  • 摘要：There is no precedent regarding the construction of large deep sewage tunnels in China and there are many related technical problems. Generally, these tunnels are more than 40 m deep and have to withstand high wa-ter pressure. Usually they use dual-sealed gaskets, but a large assembling force is detrimental due to the size limit of the shield machines;additionally, there are challenges regarding water tightness since the gaskets are not thick enough or big enough compared with those used in common domestic underwater tunnels. It is particularly important to use a waterproofing test to ensure the elastic gasket is capable of a long-term and stable performance while resist-ing high pressure. For the Guangzhou Donghaoyong deep sewage tunnel project, the gasket and concrete test speci-mens were produced according to the actual engineering size. Several waterproofing performance tests were conduct-ed using a three-dimensional loading system. The tests compared the waterproofing joints with different openings and misalignments, and verified the feasibility of the gasket scheme for deep sewage shield tunnels.%国内大型深层排水隧道的建设目前尚无先例,技术上存在很多难题.深层排水隧道埋深一般达40 m及以上,需承受的水压力很高.深层排水隧道接缝采用内外双道密封垫,受盾构机规模的限制,其装配力不宜过大,且密封垫尺寸较小,不具备目前国内大型水下隧道密封垫厚、大的特点,防水能力将受到极大考验.因此,进行密封垫防水试验,确保弹性密封垫具有稳定的长期耐高水压性能显得格外重要.文章以广州深层排水盾构系统东濠涌试验段工程为依托,根据工程实际尺寸1:1制作了弹性密封垫和混凝土试件,并利用自主设计的可三向加载高水压防水性能试验系统,进行了多组防水性能试验,总结了试验现象与规律,对接缝不同张开量、错位量情况下的接缝防水能力进行了比较,得到了相关规律,验证了深层排水盾构隧道接缝防水采用密封垫方案的可行性.

    现代隧道技术的期刊信息

    • 曾用名：世界隧道;隧道译丛
    • 创刊时间：1964
    • 地区：CN
    • 语言：中文
    • 热门主题：中铁西南科学研究院有限公司;中国土木工程学会隧道及地下工程分会
    • 学科分类： 公路运输;

      Engineering:Civil and Structural Engineering;

    现代隧道技术的获奖情况

    现代隧道技术的收录情况

    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2023版）
    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2020版）
    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2017版）
    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2014版）
    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2011版）
    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2008版）
    • 中国·北大核心期刊（2004版）
    • 中国·中国科技核心期刊
    • 中国·中国科学引文数据库-核心（2023-2024）
    • 中国·中国科学引文数据库-核心（2021-2022）
    • 中国·中国科学引文数据库-核心（2019-2020）
    • 中国·中国科学引文数据库-扩展（2017-2018）
    • 中国·中国科学引文数据库-扩展（2015-2016）
    • 荷兰·Scopus数据库
    • 中国·武大RCCSE核心期刊（2020）
    • 日本·日本科学技术振兴机构数据库

    现代隧道技术的投稿信息

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