摘要：
近几年来,GPS/INS组合的导航系统——POS系统已逐步成熟,并应用于无人机飞控系统,虽然POS精度不是很高,但是其实现了影像外方位元素的直接获取,并且摆脱了传统摄影测量对大量地面控制点的严重依赖,方便了影像像控点的布设.同时,为了使成果DOM精度达到项目要求,少量控制点的布设仍不可避免,为此,如何合理选取困难地区像控点布设方案成为工程项目中急需解决的问题.为了获取针对困难地区的像控点合理布设方案,本文基于甘肃陇南地区土地确权项目,通过对测区无人机影像采用不同的像控点布设方案进行空三平差处理,分析正射影像图的平面精度情况来选取适合当地的布设方案.实验结果表明,在满足生产精度的前提下,适当放宽国家规范的像控点布设要求的同时,给出困难地形的像控点布设方案,能极大提高像控点测量野外作业效率,并且可以在其他测区推广使用.%In recent years,GPS / INS combination navigation system-POS has been applied to the UAV flight control system gradually mature,although the POS accuracy is not very high,it realizes the direct access to the exterior orientation elements and gets rid of the traditional photography measurement heavily dependent on lots of ground control points,it is a big advantage for image control points layout.Meanwhile,in order to make the DOM accuracy achieve the project requirements,a small number of control points are still inevitable,therefore,how to select reasonably image control point's layout program in difficult areas become urgent problems to be resolved.For embodying the advantage of differential GPS technology to GCPs layout,this paper based on Land Ownership project in Long Nan area of Gansu Province,conducted aerial triangulation adjustment process through using different GCPs layout programs to differential-UAV images in survey area,analyzed orthophotomap horizontal accuracy,then selected the layout program fitting local terrain.Experimental results show that it can broaden the national regulatory requirements for GCPs layout appropriately and gives GCPs layout program of the difficult terrain with differential GPS technology applying to UAV Flying Control System under the premise of meeting the production accuracy requirement,can greatly improve the efficiency of field GCPs survey work,and also to promote the use of other survey areas.
