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染色体不稳定性

染色体不稳定性的相关文献在1993年到2022年内共计75篇,主要集中在肿瘤学、内科学、基础医学 等领域,其中期刊论文71篇、会议论文1篇、专利文献708264篇;相关期刊57种,包括临床医药实践、现代肿瘤医学、山东医药等; 相关会议1种,包括中国环境诱变剂学会第14届学术交流会议等;染色体不稳定性的相关文献由226位作者贡献,包括刘长庭、刘东山、张桂芝等。

染色体不稳定性—发文量

期刊论文>

论文:71 占比:0.01%

会议论文>

论文:1 占比:0.00%

专利文献>

论文:708264 占比:99.99%

总计:708336篇

染色体不稳定性—发文趋势图

染色体不稳定性

-研究学者

  • 刘长庭
  • 刘东山
  • 张桂芝
  • 傅娟玲
  • 吴逸明
  • 周宗灿
  • 宋肖静
  • 崔永萍
  • 张旻
  • 张爱菊

染色体不稳定性

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  • 期刊论文
  • 会议论文
  • 专利文献

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    • 李雅丽; 李袁飞
    • 摘要: 结直肠癌的发生、发展大多遵循“腺瘤—癌”序列,从癌前病变进展至癌一般需要5~10年。但结直肠癌早期常无自觉症状,大部分患者出现典型症状就诊时已发展至中晚期,而中晚期结直肠癌5年生存率相对较低。因此,早期诊断并及时治疗对提高结直肠癌预后至关重要。染色体不稳定性(CIN)是结直肠癌中最常见的基因组不稳定类型,它通过在同一肿瘤内形成不同遗传组成的细胞亚群,产生肿瘤内异质性(ITH),促进肿瘤细胞适应和进化,导致结直肠癌耐药率和复发率增加。近年研究发现,中心体扩增的发生率是动态变化的,随着“腺瘤—癌”序列进展而逐渐升高。在结直肠癌细胞中,中心体扩增通过聚集中心体来避免多极有丝分裂产生,从而避免肿瘤细胞死亡,并通过促进非整倍体和CIN发生,使肿瘤细胞获得ITH和耐药性,从而进化为更具侵袭性的表型。针对中心体聚集、数量扩增或结构扩增能够靶向治疗CIN或高ITH结直肠癌,但目前国内外针对中心体扩增的靶向治疗鲜有报道,亦缺乏相关的临床研究数据,尚需进一步研究。
    • 曹鹏飞; 李桂源; 向娟娟
    • 摘要: 淋巴瘤是最常见血液系统恶性肿瘤之一,基因组不稳定性是淋巴瘤发生和发展的重要分子基础,对淋巴瘤的诊断和预后有重要价值.基因组不稳定性包括基因水平的微卫星不稳定性(microsatellite instability,MSI/MIN)和染色体水平的染色体不稳定性(chromosomal instability,CIN)2种类型.通过对淋巴瘤相关基因改变的研究,寻找与淋巴瘤发生相关的不稳定基因,探索其参与淋巴瘤发生和发展的机制,能为淋巴瘤精准医学研究提供重要的分子生物学依据.
    • 岳欣; 胡均; 王家仓
    • 摘要: Objective To investigate the expression and significance of mismatch repair gene (MMR) in non-metastatic colorectal tissues.Methods Totally 141 patients with non-metastatic colorectal cancer who underwent surgery were selected,and none of them received preoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy.The expression of four MMR proteins (MLH1,MSH2,MSH6,PMS2) in postoperative pathological specimens were detected by routine pathological examination and immunohistochemistry.One or more of the four proteins were not expressed,namely,the MMR expression was deleted (dMMR),and the clinicopathological features of the patients with normal and dMMR colorectal cancer were compared.Results The deletion rates of MLH1,MSH2,MSH6 and PMS2 were 15.6% (22/141),2.8% (4/141),7.1% (10/141),15.6% (22/141),and the dMMR rate was 25.5% (36/141) in patients with non-metastatic colorectal cancer.MMR expression was correlated with non-metastatic colorectal cancer patient's age,location,tumor size and pathological type (all P < 0.05),and dMMR occurred more frequently in patients younger than 60 years,proximal,mucinous and large tumors (all P < 0.05).Conclusion MMR expression is absent in non-metastatic colorectal cancer,and MMR status is helpful in predicting prognosis and guiding therapy.%目的 观察错配修复基因(MMR)在非转移性结直肠组织中的表达状态并探讨其意义.方法 选取141例接受手术治疗的非转移性结直肠癌患者,均未接受术前放疗或化疗.术后病理标本进行常规病理检测及免疫组化法检测4种MMR蛋白(MLH1、MSH2、MSH6、PMS2)表达.四种蛋白中一种及以上不表达,即判定为MMR表达缺失(dMMR),对比MMR正常和dMMR结直肠癌患者的临床病理特征.结果 非转移性结直肠癌患者的MLH1、MSH2、MSH6、PMS2表达缺失率分别为15.6% (22/141)、2.8% (4/141)、7.1%(10/141)、15.6% (22/141),dMMR率为25.5% (36/141).MMR表达与非转移性结直肠癌患者年龄、部位、肿瘤大小及病理类型等有关(P均<0.05),dMMR更多发生于60岁以下、近端部位、黏液类型癌及较大的肿瘤(P均<0.05).结论 非转移性结直肠癌患者癌组织中MMR表达存在缺失,MMR状态的评估有助于判断患者预后和指导治疗.
    • 王举; 张勇
    • 摘要: 中心体异常扩增和多极纺锤体形成导致染色体分离缺陷,出现非整倍体细胞,促进染色体不稳定性形成,而染色体不稳定性是恶性肿瘤发生、发展的重要发病机制.中心粒复制相关因子(STIL)基因可与干细胞白血病/急性T淋巴细胞白血病(SCL/TAL1)基因形成融合基因,其编码蛋白参与中心粒形成及数目调控,活化CDK1/CyclinB1复合体、促进细胞进入有丝分裂期,通过Shh信号通路调控下游靶基因表达,与某些肿瘤的发生、发展密切有关.本文就STIL结构与功能,其与恶性肿瘤的相关性以及作用机制作一综述.%The hyperamplification in centrosomes give rise to a series of biochemical events including formation of multipolar spindle, abnormal segregation of chromosome and aneuploid, promoting the performance of chromosome instability, which is the main pathogenesis of multiple human malignancies.STIL participates in the formation of centrioles, activates CDK1/CyclinB1 complex and promotes mitotic entry.Moreover, it regulated expression of related downstream genes through Sonic Hedgehog signal pathway.Thus, STIL correlates with gastric and pancreatic carcinogenesis and progression.We aim to review the structure and function of STIL, association with malignancies and its potential mechanism.
    • 张峰; 王丹
    • 摘要: Objective To study the expression of mitotic arrest deficient-2 ( MAD2 ) in squamous cell carcinoma ( HNSCC) tissues from head and neck .Methods The MAD2 in 101 HNSCCs tissues and tumor adjacent tissues from 101 patients with HNSCC head and neck , neck muscles from 49 human normal were observed using immunohistochemistry .Re-sults The positive expression rates of MAD 2 in tumor tissues , para-carcinoma muscular tissues and normal head and neck-muscles were 90.1%, 53.5%and 46.9%respectively;there were significant differences between the former and the latter two(P<0.05).The positive rate of MAD2 in HNSCC tissues with/without local lymph node metastasis was 98.3% and 81.4%(P<0.05).Conclusion The positive expression rate of MAD2 has increased in HNSCC tissues.MAD2 may play an important role in the initiation and development of HNSCC .%目的:观察头颈部鳞状细胞癌组织中有丝分裂阻滞缺陷蛋白2( MAD2)的表达变化。方法头颈部鳞状细胞癌患者101例,分别取其肿瘤组织、肿瘤旁肌肉组织;以49例份正常头颈部肌肉组织作对照。采用免疫组化SP法检测上述组织标本中的MAD2。结果肿瘤组织、肿瘤旁肌肉组织、正常头颈部肌肉组织中MAD2的阳性表达率分别为90.1%、53.5%、46.9%;前者与后两者相比,P均<0.05。有、无淋巴结转移的头颈部鳞状细胞癌患者肿瘤组织中MAD2阳性表达率分别为96.6%、81.4%,两者相比,P<0.05。结论头颈部鳞状细胞癌组织中MAD2阳性表达率升高,其异常高表达可能参与了头颈部鳞状细胞癌的发生发展过程。
    • 李娇; 张晟; 胡蕴慧; 张瑾
    • 摘要: 乳腺癌是严重威胁世界女性健康的常见恶性肿瘤之一,近年研究发现,基因组不稳定性是肿瘤发生发展的重要分子机制,与肿瘤预后差及多重耐药相关。通过对乳腺癌相关基因改变的研究,寻找与乳腺癌发生相关的不稳定基因,探索其与乳腺癌发生发展的机制,是当前乳腺癌基因领域的一个重要研究方向,同时能够为个体化治疗提供新的靶点。本文主要就与乳腺癌基因组不稳定性相关的基因、形成机制以及临床应用方面的研究成果进行综述。%Breast cancer(BC)is one of the commonest malignancy threatening women's health in the world. Recent studies have showed that genomic stability is a major molecular mechanism in the occurrence and development of cancers,which is related to poor prognoses and multi - drug resistance. It is an important research orientation to find the unstable genes associat-ed with BC occurrence and to explore its mechanisms through the research on BC related gene changes,which can provide new targets for individualized treatments. This paper reviews the recent achievements in researches on genes related to BC genomic in-stability and its formation mechanism and clinical application.
    • 李龙; 杜天幸; 杨继元
    • 摘要: 染色体不稳定性定义为持续获得或丢失整条染色体或染色体片段,是基因组不稳定性的主要原因。多数实体瘤具有此特征性表现。染色体不稳定性与紫杉烷类药物固有耐药,与实体瘤中的获得性多重耐药和较差预后具有相关性。目前证据显示,铂类药物比如卡铂对染色体不稳定性肿瘤特异性敏感。
    • 莫海兰; 李兵
    • 摘要: 有丝分裂是细胞增殖的主要方式,并由多个基因共同调控完成.而这些调控基因的失衡可导致染色体非整倍性及肿瘤的形成.KIF4A是新近发现的驱动蛋白家族成员之一,其在染色体的浓缩与分离、纺锤体的形成及细胞质的分裂中发挥着重要作用.其作用的增强可引起有丝分裂活跃而导致细胞过度增殖,而其作用减低又可引起染色体不分离、染色体非整倍性和多倍体的形成,进一步导致肿瘤的形成.KIF4A在不同肿瘤中的表达及其与临床病理参数之间的关系具有差异性.通过探讨KIF4A与肿瘤之间的关系可为肿瘤早期诊断、治疗和预后评估提供帮助.
    • 张媛; 朱静; 孙文靖; 金焰; 于旸; 傅松滨
    • 摘要: Chromosomal instability (CIN) is one of common features of cancer cells and might be the major mechanisms leading to tumorigenesis.The persistent presence of CIN has been demonstrated in majority of human cancers,especially in solid tumors.Therefore,it is important to investigate the selection of genes,defective expression of which will lead to chromosomal instability. Significant evidences have been obtained in the search for genes that when inactivated resulting in genome destabilization and subsequent,rapid tumor development.These genes include those controlling the mitotic checkpoint and sisterchromatid separation,homologous recombination,regulating the function of centrosome and so forth.Here we review recent literatures to recapitulate several exact genes that can lead to CIN.%绝大多数肿瘤表现为染色体不稳定性.因此,对于可以导致染色体不稳定的相关基因的研究就显得尤为重要.目前已有大量的研究来寻找相关的基因,这些基因的功能包括:控制有丝分裂检查点、姐妹染色单体分裂、同源重组和中心体功能的调节等.当这些基因异常表达时就会导致染色体不稳定和随后快速的癌变.该文将染色体不稳定相关基因的最新进展,从基因水平对基因组不稳定的发生予以阐述.
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