摘要:
Objective To explore the characteristics of mutations 4 common deafness-related genes among 216 patients from Shanghai area with non-syndromic hearing impairment (NSHI).Methods Thirteen mutation sites in the four genes,namely GJB2 (c.35delG,c.176del16,c.235delC,c.299del AT,and c.155delTCTG),SLC26A4 (c.IVS7-2A>G,c.2168A>G,and c.1229C>T),mtDNA 12SrRNA (m.1494C>T,m.1555A>G,m.7445A>G,and m.12201T>C) and GJB3 (c.538C>T) were detected among the 216 patients and 41 individuals with normal hearing.The frequency and types of mutations were compared between the two groups.Results Among the 216 NSHI patients,the total detection rate was 16.20% (35/216).GJB2 mutations were found in 17 (7.87%) of the 216 patients,which included 5 cases with homozygous c.235delC mutation,5 with homozygous c.235delC mutation,1 with homozygous c.299delAT mutation,and 1 with homozygous c.299delAT mutation,c.235delC and 299delAT mutations were found in 5 cases.SLC26A4 mutation was found in 12 (5.56%) of the 216 patients,which included 2 cases with homozygous c.IVS7-2A>G mutation,9 with homozygous c.IVS7-2A>G mutation,and 1 with homozygous c.2168A>G mutation.Homogeneous mtDNA 12SrRNA m.1555A>G mutation was found in 6 (2.78%) of the 216 patients.No GJB3 gene mutation was detected.No mutation of the 4 genes were detected in the 41 individuals with normal hearing.In 2 cases of the 12 patients with SLC26A4 gene mutation,CT scan of the temporal bone has confirmed expansion of vestibular aqueduct.Conclusion Above results indicated that GJB2 and SLC26A4 were the major genes involved with hearing loss in Shanghai area.%目的 探讨上海地区216例非综合征型聋患者GJB2、SLC26A4、mtDNA 12SrRNA和GJB3等常见耳聋基因的突变特点.方法 应用核酸分子快速导流杂交基因芯片技术对上海地区216例非综合征型聋患者及41名听力正常个体进行GJB2 (c.35delG、c.176del16、c.235delC、c.299del AT、c.155delTCTG)、SLC26A4 (c.IVS7-2A>G、c.2168A>G、c.1229C>T)、mtDNA 12SrRNA(m.1494C>T、m.1555A>G、m.7445A>G、m.12201T>C)和GJB3 (c.538C>T)4个耳聋基因的13个位点进行突变检测,分析基因突变检出率及突变类型.结果 216例非综合征型聋患者4个常见耳聋基因的总突变率为16.20%(35/216).GJB2基因突变率为7.87%(17/216),其中c.235delC纯合突变5例、杂合突变5例,c.299delAT纯合突变1例、杂合突变1例,c.235delC/299delAT复合杂合突变5例;SLC26A4基因突变率为5.56%(12/216),其中c.IVS7-2A>G纯合突变2例、杂合突变9例,c.2168A>G杂合突变1例;mtDNA 12SrRNA突变率为2.78%(6/216),均为m.1555A>G均质突变;未检测到GJB3基因突变.41名听力正常个体未检测到耳聋基因突变.12例SLC26A4基因突变携带者中,有2例(16.67%)患者的颞骨CT显示前庭水管扩大.结论 GJB2和SLC26A4是上海地区非综合征型聋患者最常见的突变基因.