摘要:水资源具有生活用水、资源用水和环境用水等功能,宜以此为基础对水资源管制的立法框架进行研究.首先,生活用水应该被视为一项财产权,立法需保护用水基本人权的实现;其次,对于资源用水,应该建立独立的水资源管制机构,同时促进以财产权为基础的水权市场的建设,提升水资源的利用效果;第三,环境用水是一项公共用品,立法需要建构环境用水实现机制中的民营化路径,特许经营权制度为环境用水民营化提供了一条切实可行的方案.%Water resources have the functions as domestic water, resource water and environmental water, on the basis of which the legislative framework of water resource regulations shall be studied. Firstly, domestic water shall be deemed as property right and the legislation shall protect the realization of the fundamental human rights for use of domestic water. Secondly, with respect to resource water, an independent water resource regulatory agency shall be established; and meanwhile, the legislation shall promote the construction of water right market based on property rights and improve the utility of water resources. Thirdly, since environmental water is one of the public goods, the legislation shall create a path of privatization in implementing mechanism for realizing the use of environmental water and the franchising system provides a practical solution to privatization of environmental water.