摘要：
【目的】观察比较健脾—健脾渗湿—健脾升阳方对脾虚证模型大鼠水盐代谢状态的影响。【方法】选用雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、脾虚模型组，采用过度疲劳+饮食失节的方法复制脾虚证模型，造模2周后随机分为脾虚模型组、补中益气汤组、四君子汤组、参苓白术散组。于造模第15天，给药各组大鼠按4.05 g·kg-1·d-1剂量给予补中益气汤、四君子汤、参苓白术散灌胃；模型组和正常组给予等量蒸馏水，连续14 d。测定各组大鼠血清中Na+、 K+、抗利尿激素（ADH）、醛固酮（ALD）、结肠和小肠段水通道蛋白-3（AQP3）及肾脏水通道蛋白-2（AQP2）。【结果】与正常组比较，脾虚模型组大鼠血中Na+、 ALD、 ADH均显著性升高（P<0.01），肾脏AQP2显著升高，血K+及结肠和小肠段中AQP3显著降低（P<0.01）。与模型组比较，3方干预组大鼠血中Na+、 ALD、 ADH及肾脏AQP2均显著性降低（P<0.05或P<0.01），血K+及降结肠和小肠段AQP3显著性升高（P<0.05或P<0.01）。补脾类方之间比较，参苓白术散组血中Na+、 ALD、 AVP均较其他2方组显著性降低（P<0.01），血K+及降结肠段和小肠段AQP3较其他2方组显著升高（P<0.01）；参苓白术散组和补中益气汤组的肾脏AQP2较四君子汤组显著性降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）。【结论】脾虚证模型大鼠存在水盐代谢及细胞水转运功能的异常，健脾—健脾渗湿—健脾升阳3方对脾虚证模型大鼠水液代谢失调均有不同程度的改善作用，其中以健脾渗湿方参苓白术散作用最优。%Objective To compare the effects of different spleen-strengthening recipes on water-electrolyte metabolism and water transport in rat model of spleen-deficiency syndrome. Methods The male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into the normal group and spleen-deficiency model group. The rat model of spleen-deficiency was established by overstrain plus disordered diet method. On the 15th modeling day, the model rats were randomly assigned into model group , Buzhong Yiqi Tang(BYT) group, Si Junzi Tang(SJT) group, Shenling Baizhu San(SBS) group, and the rats except for the model group were treated with gastric gavage of the corresponding medicine in the dosage of 4.05 g·kg-1·d-1. Rats of normal group and model group were given equal volume of normal saline. The medication lasted for 14 days. On the 29th experimental day, we detected serum Na+ and K+, plasma antidiuretic hormone(ADH) and aldosterone(ALD), aquaporin 3(AQP3) in the small intestine and colon, and renal AQP2. Results Compared with the normal group, plasma ADH and ALD levels, serum Na+ level, renal AQP2 content in the model rats were increased significantly, serum K+ and AQP3 content of small intestine and colon mucosa was decreased significantly(P<0.01). Compared with the model group, plasma ADH and ALD levels, serum Na+ level, renal AQP2 content in the three medication groups were decreased significantly, serum K+level and AQP3 in the small intestine and descending colon mucosa was increased significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Of the three medication groups, SBS group had lower ADH, ALD, Na+levels, and higher serum K+level and AQP3 in the small intestine and descending colon mucosa than BYT group and SJT group(P<0.01); SBS group and BYT group had lower renal AQP2 than SJT group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion Rat model with spleen-deficiency syndrome has disordered water-electrolyte metabolism and abnormal water transport. The spleen-strengthening recipes, which have the actions of strengthening spleen, strengthening spleen to drain dampness, strengthening spleen to elevate yang, can improve the disorder of water metabolism to some degrees, and SBS has the best effect.
