摘要：
苜蓿品种的优劣影响苜蓿草地建植与生产性能,其中发芽特性是首要指标.为筛选出优良的品种用于试验研究和生产,收集了我国育成苜蓿品种14个和国外22个品种的种子(其中包衣种子8个),测定了发芽率、硬实率、苗长等12个指标,采用隶属函数平均值法综合评价了品种优劣.结果表明,供试品种的千粒重为1.56～4.87g,发芽势为49.33％～97.33％(平均为83.52％),发芽率为49.33％～97.33％(平均为86.85％),发芽指数为5.83～17.04(平均为10.90),活力指数为0.18～0.60(平均为0.390),25个品种有硬实种子,其中,新疆大叶硬实率为49.33％显著高于其他品种,将硬实种子划破种皮继续培养,发芽率均有提升.综合指标评价最高的5个品种为甘农6号、中苜3号、甘农9号、耐盐之星、前景,综合指标评价最低的5个品种为公农5号、WL 168HQ、WL 354HQ、太阳神、新疆大叶.我国品种综合指标较高,平均为0.51,国外品种平均为0.44,国内品种表现优于国外品种.%The advantages and disadvantages of alfalfa varieties affected the establishment and production performance of alfalfa, and the germination characteristics were the primary indicators.In order to screen out the excellent varieties for experimental research and production, we collected the alfalfa seeds of 14 Chinese varieties and 22 foreign varieties (including 8 coated seeds).12 indicators such as germination rate, hard solid rate and seedling length were measured.The membership function average method was used to comprehensively evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the alfalfa varieties.The results showed that the 1 000-grains weight range of the tested varieties ranged from 1.56 to4.87 g, the germination potential ranged from 49.33％to 97.33％, (average of 83.52％), and the germination rate ranged from 49.33％to 97.33％ (average of 86.85％).The germination index ranged from5.83 to 17.04 (average of 10.90), and the vigor index ranged from 0.18 to 0.60 (average of 0.390).Among them, the 25 varieties had hard seeds.The leaf growth rate of Xinjiang variety, which was49.33％, was significantly higher than that of the other varieties.After removing the seed coats of hard seeds, the germination rate was increased.The five varieties with the highest comprehensive evaluation index were Gannong No.6, Zhongyu No.3, Gannong No.9, Salt-tolerant star, and Prospect while the five varieties with the lowest comprehensive evaluation index were Gongnong No.5, WL 168 HQ, WL354 HQ, the Sun.God and Xinjiang big leaf.The comprehensive index of Chinese varieties was higher than that of foreign varieties, with an average of 0.51, 0.44 respectively.As a conclusion, domestic varieties outperformed foreign varieties.
