摘要:
A total of 100 healthy and same age mallard were selected were selected to analysis their eggs quality,including eggshell color,eggshell strength,eggshell thickness,egg shape index,White height,Haugh unit value and egg yolk color,in addition,candidate genes related to eggshell strength were screened by transcriptome sequencing.The results showed that there were significant differences in egg shape index,eggshell strength,White height and Haugh unit value(P<0.05).The correlation coefficient of eggshell strength and thickness was 0.8742,while the eggshell color can be as a measure of egg quality in mallard,the strength of white shell was largest and yellow-green shell was the smallest(P<0.001).A total of 325 differentially expressed genes were identified,among which 149 genes were up-regulated and 176 genes were down-regulated.The genes related to shell strength were CACNA1I,CACNB4,CALN,CACNA1S,L OC 101801793,are involved in the processes of calcium ion binding,calcium ion transmembrane transport and calcium release.The results provide a basis for further study on the molecular mechanism of the differences in eggshell strength.%本试验选取体重、周龄一致的100只绿头野鸭,对其蛋品质进行测定并进行相关分析,测定指标包括蛋壳颜色、蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度、蛋形指数、蛋白高度、哈氏单位和蛋黄颜色,同时通过转录组测序筛选了与蛋壳强度相关的候选基因.结果表明:不同蛋壳颜色的鸭蛋之间蛋形指数、蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度、蛋白高度和哈氏单位有显著差异(P<0.05);绿头鸭大部分蛋品质性状之间相关性显著,其中蛋壳厚度与蛋壳强度呈显著正相关,相关系数为0.8742,而蛋壳颜色作为蛋壳强度的衡量指标时,白壳组强度最大,绿壳组次之,黄绿壳组最小(P<0.01);通过转录组测序对蛋壳强度进行差异表达模式对比分析,共找到差异表达基因325个,其中149个基因表达量上调,176个基因表达量下调,与蛋壳强度相关的基因有CACNA1I、CACNB4、CALN、CACNA1S、LOC101801793等17个基因,这些基因主要参与了钙离子跨膜转运、钙离子结合、钙离子释放等生物学过程,本研究结果为进一步研究蛋壳强度差异的分子机理提供了基础.