摘要：
绿色现代化的核心目的是实现“人与自然和谐共生的现代化”,核心方向是为当代人提供生态产品和服务,为后代人提供生态财富,为全球提供生态安全.创新绿色现代化的关键路径是实现“隧穿环境库兹涅兹曲线”,即在相对较低的发展水平条件下,实现能源资源消耗增长、环境污染损失增长等生态赤字与经济社会发展速度脱钩.当前中国正在进入经济增速放缓的窗口机遇期,地区环境问题的差异凸显期,人民对环境质量的高度敏感期,生态治理能力的转型变革期,全球生态安全的更大贡献期.在生态文明建设的新时期,中国应当树立保护生态环境就是保护生产力,就是发展生产力的新发展观,充分认识从单一治理向全面治理转型的必要性和美丽中国建设的长期性、艰巨性和全局性,进一步实现决策的科学性、视野的长远性和政策的连续性,进而全面调动不同发展主体的积极性.美丽中国目标可以分为三个阶段:2020年实现生态环境质量总体改善,全面超额完成国家“十三五”规划资源环境约束性指标;2035年生态环境根本好转,中国进入绿色创新、生态投资、生态盈余新时代,形成人与自然和谐发展绿色现代化新格局;2050年进入高度发达的生态文明时期,天蓝、地绿、水清的优美生态环境成为常态,开创人与自然和谐共生新境界,建成美丽的社会主义现代化生态强国.为此,未来创新绿色现代化的战略举措应当包括:重点问题与系统保护相结合,环保建设与经济发展相结合,生态投资与生态保护相结合,行政管理与市场工具相结合,绩效评价和激励约束相结合,反向约束与正向激励相结合.%The core value of building an innovative and ecological modernization that we pursue is one characterized by harmonious coexistence between man and nature.Its direction is to provide global ecological security,ecological product and service for the current generations,while offering global ecological wealth for future generations.Embarking on the path of building an innovative and ecological modernization is to achieve the Environmental Kuznets Curve,whereby detaching the rising energy cost and resource expenditure and increasing the environmental cost from the rapid socio-economic development under relatively low level of development conditions.China is currently entering a stage where more opportunities emerge in a moderately growing economy,environmental problems differ remarkably in various regions,the people become highly sensitive towards environmental quality,the ability of ecological governance is undergoing transformation and reform,and its contribution to international ecological security is expected to grow stronger.In the era of promoting ecological progress,China should realize that those who protect ecological environment protect productive forces,and who improve the ecological environment develop productive forces.Moreover,people should be fully aware of the necessary transformation from single governance to comprehensive governance,the chronicity and multi-dimensional complexity of constructing a beautiful China,in order to make reasonable,farsighted,and consistent policies,thereby fully mobilizing the activeness of different development actors.Constructing a beautiful China can be carried out in three stages.First,in 2020,complete the overall improvement in ecological quality of environment,and achieve comprehensively and exceedingly the resource and environmental obligatory targets of the Thirteenth Five Year Plan.Second,in 2035,as eco-environment tends to improve,China will enter a new era of ecological innovation,ecological investment,and ecological surplus so that the new structure of harmonious development of ecological modernization between humanity and nature will be formulated.Third,in 2050,since the ecological civilization is highly developed with stunning environment,it is necessary to enter the new period of harmonious development between humanity and nature and construct the socialist civilization with Chinese characteristics.Therefore,China needs to clearly define the strategic goal of innovative and ecological modernization,while achieving the combination of major issues and systematic protection,the combination of environmental protection and economic development,the combination of ecological investment and ecological protection,the combination of administrative management and market tools,as well as the combination of performance evaluation and accountability.
