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摘要： Dear editor,Implementation attacks such as fault attack(FA)[1]and side-channel analysis(SCA)[2]are significant threats to the cryptographic device security.Infective countermeasure is a promising strategy to resist FAs.Its principle is to scramble the data path of the encryption and make the faulty ciphertext useless in the key retrieval.The scrambling here is called infection.It can be executed either once at the end of the algorithm or multiple times between different encryption operations.

摘要： BACKGROUND Primary cardiac tumors are uncommon,of which cardiac myxoma accounts for 50%-80%.Left ventricular myxoma has been rarely reported,accounting for only 3%-4%of all cardiac myxomas.Multiple left ventricular myxomas are,relatively,even rarer.CASE SUMMARY In this report,we present a case of multiple left ventricular myxomas combined with severe rheumatic valve lesions.Symptomatically,the patient presented with fatigue,shortness of breath,and palpitation after activities.The patient underwent complete surgical resection of multiple left ventricular myxomas combined with mechanical replacement of the mitral and aortic valves,tricuspid valvuloplasty.The patient recovered well after the operation,with no obvious related complications.CONCLUSION Multiple left ventricular myxomas may coexist with severe rheumatic valve disease.Operation is an effective treatment.

摘要： BACKGROUND Multiple intraoral dermoid cysts of large magnitude generally appear in the second or third decade of life.They are rare in infants and are usually solitary.In this case,a large mass was identified in utero during prenatal exams.CASE SUMMARY We introduce a rare case on multiple dermoid cysts in the floor of the mouth of an infant who underwent two surgeries for this.Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a large well-circumscribed cystic lesion that originated at the former midline region in the floor of the mouth in which a suspicious lesion of minute size was likely compressed by the bulkier mass and overlooked.Therefore,the infant underwent two surgeries by an intraoral approach within 9 mo.At 5 mo after the second operation,a routine follow-up ultrasound showed evidence of an additional cyst.No further surgery was planned because the tumor had no immediate effect.CONCLUSION This report demonstrates the importance of carefully analyzing preoperative imaging to avoid multiple operations for a seemingly isolated oral cyst.

摘要： BACKGROUND Neurofibroma can be a clinical manifestation of neurofibromatosis,which is a benign neurogenic tumor that occurs sporadically.Neurofibromas in the abdomen usually appear in the retroperitoneal space.Reports on neurofibromas in the abdominal wall are rare,and multiple recurrent neurofibromas in this area have not yet been reported.CASE SUMMARY This is a case of a 73-year-old man who suffered from multiple recurrent neurofibromas in the abdominal wall for 16 years and received 13 surgical treatments.CONCLUSION We need to pay due attention to its treatment,and primary surgery should be designed thoroughly.

摘要： In view of the drawbacks of students’academic achievement evaluation in the traditional“Web Design”course,this paper applies the theory of diversity and development to the evaluation of students’academic achievement in the course of“Web Design”,improving the traditional way in the evaluation concept,subject,mode and content,and initially constructing the evaluation scheme for students’academic achievement of“Web Design”course,which improves students’interest in learning and promotes students’development and professional development.

摘要： BACKGROUND Hemostasis of patients suffering from liver cirrhosis is challenging due to both,pro-and anticoagulatory disorders leading to hemostatic alterations with distinct abnormalities of coagulation.Pathological changes in conventional coagulation analysis and platelet count are common manifestations of decreased liver synthesis of coagulation factors and reduced platelet count in these patients.However,conventional coagulation analysis and platelet count do not reflect invivo coagulation status or platelet function.The purpose of this present observational study was therefore to assess the haemostatic profile including plasmatic coagulation using thrombelastometry and impedance aggregometry for platelet function in patients suffering from liver cirrhosis.AIM To assess the hemostatic profile of cirrhotic patients according to model for endstage liver disease(MELD)score.METHODS Our study included both in-and outpatients suffering from liver cirrhosis attending the out-and inpatient care of the department of hepatology.Demographic and biochemical data as well as medical history including cause of liver cirrhosis,end stage kidney failure and medication with anticoagulants were recorded.To assess the hemostatic profile,platelet function was analyzed by multiple electrode aggregometry(MEA)using Multiplate^■(ADP-,ASPI-and TRAP-test)and thrombelastometry using ROTEM^■(EXTEM,INTEM,FIBTEM).Data were compared using Mann-Whitney U-or χ^2-test.Spearman correlation was performed to analyze the association between MELD Score and results of thrombelastometry and MEA.RESULTS A total of 68 patients attending the out-and inpatient care suffering from liver cirrhosis were screened.Of these,50 patients were included and assigned to groups according to MELD score 6 to 11(n=25)or≥17(n=25).Baseline patient characteristics revealed significant differences for MELD score(8 vs 22,P<0.0001)and underlying laboratory parameters(international normalized ratio,bilirubine,creatinine)as well as fibrinogen level(275 mg/dL vs 209 mg/dL,P=0.006)and aPTT(30 s vs 35 s,P=0.047).MEA showed a moderately impaired platelet function(medians:AUCADP=43U,AUCASPI=71U,AUCTRAP=92U)but no significant differences between both groups.Thrombelastometry using ROTEM?(EXTEM,INTEM,FIBTEM)revealed values within normal range in both groups.No significant correlation was observed between MELD score and results of MEA/thrombelastometry.CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate a partially impaired hemostatic profile in liver cirrhosis patients unrelated to MELD score.An individual assessment of a potential coagulopathy should therefore be considered.

摘要： BACKGROUND Carcinosarcoma(spindle cell carcinoma) of the esophagus is an extremely rare event;the etiology and origins of this neoplasm have not yet been determined.Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) has been associated with invasion and metastasis, and may be related to the generation of a stem cell population within this tumor.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 61-year-old male with nausea and fever. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed the presence of type 1 and 0-Ⅱc lesions located 35 cm from the incisors toward the esophago-gastric junction.Thoracoscopic esophagectomy was performed. Macroscopic analysis revealed three polypoid lesions in the abdominal esophagus that accompanied the main lesion in the lower thoracic esophagus and 0-Ⅱc lesions that spread continuously with them. Histologically, the lesions included proliferating spindle cells. Adenocarcinomatous components were detected in a section near the foot, and squamous cell carcinoma was identified in the mucosa at the base of the tumor.The patient was diagnosed with multiple carcinosarcomas, staged at pT1b(SM3),pN1(#110, #7), cM0, Stage Ⅱ(sarcomatous metastasis to the lymph nodes).Spindle cells did not express E-cadherin but were positive for EMT markers,including zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1, TWIST, and snail family transcriptional repressor 2. The patient has experienced no recurrence at 5 years and 2 mo after surgery.CONCLUSION This report suggests that multiple sarcomatous tumors may be generated from primary squamous cell carcinoma via mechanisms related to EMT.

摘要： BACKGROUND Multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors(MGISTs)are a very rare type of gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)and are usually observed in syndrome.AIM The paper aimed to describe the clinical and oncological features of MGISTs and to offer evidence for the diagnosis and treatment.METHODS Data of consecutive patients with MGISTs who were diagnosed at Peking University People’s Hospital(PKUPH)from 2008 to 2019 were retrospectively evaluated.Further,a literature search was conducted by retrieving data from PubMed,EMBASE,and the Cochrane library databases from inception up to November 30,2019.RESULTS In all,12 patients were diagnosed with MGISTs at PKUPH,and 43 published records were ultimately included following the literature review.Combined analysis of the whole individual patient data showed that female(59.30%),young(14.45%),and syndromic GIST(63.95%)patients comprised a large proportion of the total patient population.Tumors were mainly located in the small intestine(58.92%),and both CD117 and CD34 were generally positive.After a mean 78.32-mo follow-up,the estimated median overall survival duration(11.5 years)was similar to single GISTs,but recurrence-free survival was relatively poorer.CONCLUSION The clinical and oncological features are potentially different between MGISTs and single GIST.Further studies are needed to explore appropriate surgical approach and adjuvant therapy.

摘要： One of the main reasons for developing cancer drug-resistance is the ability of cancer cells to adopt mutations that help them fight the treatments. Cancer cells are very mutagenic. This makes the population of cancer cells in any tumor, or any other cancer cells that come from a distinct origin (one parent cell) highly variable. In some cases, there are already drug-resistant cancer cells at the beginning of the treatment. In other cases, they emerge during the treatment. Treating cancer patients with drugs, or other treatments that attack only one cancer-target would therefore be prone to bad prognosis. In addition, these kinds of treatments would also attack (to a lower degree) non-cancer cells that contain the same targets as the cancer cells. This would lead to adverse effects. Combination therapies, or bispecific drugs could partly solve these problems, but not completely. To address this and other problems, a novel concept for curing cancer, MuTaTo©, was developed. MuTaTo is a personalized medicine concept. The main principal of it is using multiple targeting peptides connected together with a toxin. The main advantage of MuTaTo is that it would lower the probability of the targeted cancer cells to develop drug-resistance due to mutations they possess, and at the same time would lower adverse effects due to avidity effect. Each cancer patient would receive a specific MuTaTo drug perfectly suited to his cancer, based on the expression profile of receptors on the outer membrane of his cancer cells. MuTaTo construct production is easy and rapid. Therefore, the production cost would not be as expensive as with other biological drugs, or other sophisticated cancer treatments. In this article several experiments were performed to show the efficacy of different MuTaTo constructs, and the sustainability of the principals of this concept. The results showed that multi-targeting was better than mono targeting, and that MuTaTo was efficient as a mono treatment in vitro, and in vivo.

摘要： BACKGROUND We studied the protective effects of Qingyi decoction(QYD)(a Traditional Chinese Medicine)against severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)-induced myocardial infarction(MI).AIM To study the function and mechanism of QYD in the treatment of myocardial injuries induced by SAP.METHODS Ultrasonic cardiography,hematoxylin and eosin staining,immunohistochemistry,qRT-PCR,western blot,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays,and apoptosis staining techniques were used to determine the effects of QYD following SAP-induced MI in Sprague-Dawley rats.RESULTS Our SAP model showed severe myocardial histological abnormalities and marked differences in the symptoms,mortality rate,and ultrasonic cardiography outputs among the different groups compared to the control.The expression of serum cytokines[interleukin(IL)-1?,IL-6,IL-8,IL-12,amyloidβ,and tumor necrosis factor-α]were significantly higher in the SAP versus QYD treated group(P<0.05 for all).STIM1 and Orai1 expression in myocardial tissue extracts were significantly decreased post QYD gavage(P<0.001).There was no significant histological difference between the 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate inhibitor and QYD groups.The SAP group had a significantly higher apoptosis index score compared to the QYD group(P<0.001).CONCLUSION QYD conferred cardio-protection against SAP-induced MI by regulating myocardial-associated protein expression(STIM1 and Orai1).

摘要： 本发明涉及生物识别技术，尤其涉及一种指静脉验证身份的识别方法。一种基于Multiple loss损失函数的指静脉验证身份的识别方法，具体步骤为：采集至少二人的指静脉样本图像，每个手指至少采集两个的图像；将采集到的静脉样本图像分为三组：锚点组：取识别对象的指静脉图像做为锚点、positive组：取与识别对象同一人的另外一张指静脉图像为正样本组、negative组：取与识别对象不同人的一张指静脉图像为负样本组；以上三组数据放入深度残差网络中进行训练，使用Multiple loss得到embeddings向量；计算两两embeddings的欧式距离，距离近的为同一人，距离远的为不同人。本发明能快速和精准地识别个人身份，并将其应用于静脉识别系统中，体形小巧、界面友好、价格适宜。

摘要： 本发明属于法医遗传学应用研究领域，具体涉及一种基于二代测序（Next Generation Sequencing，NGS）的用于法医学个体识别和亲缘关系鉴定的30个Multiple‑allele SNP位点的检测技术体系的研发及其检测技术方法。本发明应用NGS平台（illumina NOVASEQ）对30个Multiple‑allele SNP位点进行深度平行测序，可实现同时对多个样本的30个目标区域的测序分析，节约人力、物力和财力，提到了检测效率；PCR产物片段分布在58‑139 bp，体系适用于法医降解样本的检测；根据Multiple‑allele SNP位点非二等位基因的特点及基于序列内部碱基深度的读取判断，可提高对法医混合检材的分析能力。该检测体系在法医学领域具有较高的应用价值。