disease

摘要： The present article is a review study on the types of rare earth elements(REEs),environmental and biological effects as well as the sources of emission of these elements as pollution in nature.The purpose of this study is to provide a vision in environmental planning and control of pollution caused by REEs.The evaluation of rare earth elements was studied in human life and its environmental and biological effects,which have particular importance and are entering the life cycle through industrial and mining pollution sources.Since mining activities intensify the dispersion of these elements in the environment and the existence of industrial factories located around urban drainage system plays a unique role in creating and spreading pollution caused by rare earth elements;As a result,two case studies were conducted on two mining and industrial areas.The first case is the Choghart mine in Yazd province as an example of mining pollution,and the second case study is performed on the Kor river as an example of industrial pollution which is caused by industrial activities around it,Then the results are well explained to show both two environments of litho and hydro.Due to this fact that produced environmental pollution can cause exchange pollutant compounds with the surrounding environment besides its long-lasting destructive effects;It can cause irreversible biological effects on living organisms.By targeting this evaluation,several techniques can be proposed to prevent the entry and dispersal of rare earth elements from pollution sources besides methods to reduce the damage of these elements to the ecosystem.

摘要： In order to effectively reduce the incidence of expressway operation safety accidents,one should pay attention to expressway safety management,especially high slope maintenance and management.In conjunction,with the current situation of operation safety management of some expressways,many mountain expressways have high slope incidences from time to time,due to the extension of operating time,and inadequate maintenance management.Moreover,vehicle damage,and human death accidents caused by the high slope collapse,landslide,debris flow,and other disasters are often reported.Therefore,it is essential to strengthen the maintenance and management of high slope in the mountain expressways.This paper,will further elaborate the issues,which are related to the maintenance and management of high slopes in the in mountainous expressways.

摘要： The gastrointestinal tract(GIT)health impacts animal productivity.The poultry microbiome has functions which range from protection against pathogens and nutrients production,to host immune system maturation.Fluctuations in the microbiome have also been linked to prevailing environmental conditions.Healthy poultry birds possess a natural resistance to infection.However,the exploration of environmental impacts and other relevant factors on poultry growth and health have been underplayed.Since good performance and growth rate are central to animal production,the host-microbiome relationship remains integral.Prior to the emergence of metagenomic techniques,conventional methods for poultry microbiome studies were used and were low-throughput and associated with insufficient genomic data and high cost of sequencing.Fortunately,the advent of high-throughput sequencing platforms have circumvented some of these shortfalls and paved the way for increased studies on the poultry gut microbiome diversity and functions.Here,we give an up-to-date review on the impact of varied environments on microbiome profile,as well as microbiome engineering and microbiome technology advancements.It is hoped that this paper will provide invaluable information that could guide and inspire further studies on the lingering pertinent questions about the poultry microbiome.

摘要： Purpose: To determine if cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) would willingly consume an oral nutritional supplement formula (NS-CKD) and to assess associated effects on select clinical and biochemical parameters. Methods: Client-owned cats with CKD classified as International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) stage 2 (n = 7), IRIS stage 3 (n = 12), or IRIS stage 4 (1 cat) were classified by the owners as having normal or variable appetites. The cats were offered 30 ml NS-CKD for 14 days concurrently with a meal in a separate bowl and the amount of the NS-CKD consumed daily was recorded. Bodyweight, physical examination, and serum biochemical profiles were assessed on Days 0, 7, and 14. Results: Greater than 50% of the NS-CKD was consumed by 14 of 20 (70%) cats and 12 of 20 cats (60%) consumed >80% of the NS-CKD. The total volume of NS-CKD consumed over the course of the study was statistically greater for the cats classified by owners as having normal appetite (P = 0.046). Increases in body weight were noted for 9 of 14 cats (64.3%) that ingested >50% of the NS-CKD and 1 of 6 cats (16.7%), that ingested ≤ 50% (p = 0.1409) and the group mean % change in body weight was greater in the cats that ingested >50% of the NS-CKD (P = 0.023). The volume of NS-CKD consumed correlated to the % change increases in serum bicarbonate concentration (R = 0.4998;P = 0.02) and was weakly correlated to % change decreases in serum phosphorus concentration (R = 0.0406;P = 0.08). Conclusions: In this pilot study, the NS-CKD was accepted by most cats, no adverse effects were noted, and several findings suggest that the product was associated with ameliorating some metabolic complications which suggest it could be considered in the management of cats with CKD.

摘要： This paper reviews the asthenia´s occurrence status,adverse outcomes and assessment tools of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,as well as safety management strategies such as preventing or improving pulmonary rehabilitation and nutritional therapy in patients with asthenia´s.It can provide reference for clinical nurses or researchers to find or develop assessment tool asthenia suitable for domestic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and set down intervention measurements.

摘要： Renal biopsy is an invasive procedure used to evaluate the activity and the therapeutic management of kidney disease and kidney transplantation. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological features of kidney disease diagnosed by biopsy in the Ivory Coast. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive and prospective study conducted between January 2015 and December 2018 in the Department of Anatomy and Cytology of the Pathology of Cocody (Abidjan) and Bouake. Specimens were obtained from the nephrology department of Ivory Coast and from teaching hospitals in Togo, Guinea, Burkina Faso, and Mali. Samples were analyzed according to standard renal biopsy procedures. One kidney fragment was fixed in acetic acid formalin (AAF) for optical microscopy examination. The other fragment, soaked in physiological water, was immediately sent for immunofluorescence examination. All renal pathologies were included in this study. The study parameters were frequency, age, sex, origin, occupation, clinical and biological signs, and pathological aspects with optical microscopy, and immunofluorescence. Results: 153 cases (2.23%) of kidney biopsies were examined on a total of 10,573 specimens. Ivory Coast specimens accounted for 91.5% of cases (n = 140). Nephrotic syndrome (49%) was the most common clinical sign and indication for renal biopsy, followed by acute renal failure (16.3%), chronic renal failure (19.6%), and a combination of chronic renal failure with hypertension (11.18%) and glomerulonephritis (4%). Mean proteinuria was 3.03 g/24h (range, 0.14 to 11.5 g/24h). Histologically, 90.8% (n = 139) were glomerular nephropathies, including 26.6% HIV-associated nephropathy, 17.3% focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, 13.6% nephroangiosclerosis, 11.5% post-infectious glomerulonephritis, 9.3% membranous glomerulonephritis, and 21.6% miscellaneous glomerular nephropathies (n = 30). The incidence of various tubulo-interstitial lesions was 9.2% (n = 14). Conclusion: Glomerular nephropathies represent the most important renal diseases. Young people are most commonly affected with a high prevalence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and HIV-associated nephropathy.

摘要： Heart disease is one of the leading causes of death in the world today.Prediction of heart disease is a prominent topic in the clinical data processing.To increase patient survival rates,early diagnosis of heart disease is an important field of research in the medical field.There are many studies on the prediction of heart disease,but limited work is done on the selection of features.The selection of features is one of the best techniques for the diagnosis of heart diseases.In this research paper,we find optimal features using the brute-force algorithm,and machine learning techniques are used to improve the accuracy of heart disease prediction.For performance evaluation,accuracy,sensitivity,and specificity are used with split and cross-validation techniques.The results of the proposed technique are evaluated in three different heart disease datasets with a different number of records,and the proposed technique is found to have superior performance.The selection of optimized features generated by the brute force algorithm is used as input to machine learning algorithms such as Support Vector Machine(SVM),Random Forest(RF),K Nearest Neighbor(KNN),and Naive Bayes(NB).The proposed technique achieved 97%accuracy with Naive Bayes through split validation and 95%accuracy with Random Forest through cross-validation.Naive Bayes and Random Forest are found to outperform other classification approaches when accurately evaluated.The results of the proposed technique are compared with the results of the existing study,and the results of the proposed technique are found to be better than other state-of-the-artmethods.Therefore,our proposed approach plays an important role in the selection of important features and the automatic detection of heart disease.

摘要： The current study relates to designing a swarming computational paradigm to solve the influenza disease system(IDS).The nonlinear system’s mathematical form depends upon four classes:susceptible individuals,infected people,recovered individuals and cross-immune people.The solutions of the IDS are provided by using the artificial neural networks(ANNs)together with the swarming computational paradigm-based particle swarmoptimization(PSO)and interior-point scheme(IPA)that are the global and local search approaches.The ANNs-PSO-IPA has never been applied to solve the IDS.Instead a merit function in the sense of mean square error is constructed using the differential form of each class of the IDS and then optimized by the PSOIPA.The correctness and accuracy of the scheme are observed to perform the comparative analysis of the obtained IDS results with the Adams solutions(reference solutions).An absolute error in suitable measures shows the precision of the proposed ANNs procedures and the optimization efficiency of the PSOIPA.Furthermore,the reliability and competence of the proposed computing method are enhanced through the statistical performances.

摘要： Panax ginseng(P.ginseng)is a famous traditional medical plant,with both the medical and economic value.In China,the cultivation of P.ginseng is a major agricultural activity.However,the yield and quality have declined in recent years due to various diseases.This review summarized the common diseases of P.ginseng and the controlling techniques,aiming to enhance the cultivation of P.ginseng and ensure the sustainable development of P.ginseng industry.

摘要： Exposures to copper have become a health concern.We aim to explore the broad clinical effects of blood copper concentrations.A total of 376,346 Caucasian subjects were enrolled.We performed a Mendelian randomization and phenome-wide association study(MR-PheWAS)to evaluate the causal association between copper and a wide range of outcomes in UK Biobank,and we constructed a protein-protein interaction network.We found association between blood copper concentrations and five diseases in the overall population and nine diseases in male.MR analysis implicated a causal role of blood copper in five diseases(overall population),including prostate cancer(OR=0.87,95%CI 0.77-0.98),malignant and unknown neoplasms of the brain and nervous system(OR=0.58,95%CI 0.38-0.89),and hypertension(OR=0.94,95%CI 0.90-0.98),essential hypertension(OR=0.94,95%CI 0.90-0.98)and cancer of brain and nervous system(OR=0.63,95%CI 0.41-0.98).For male,except for dysphagia being newly associated with blood copper(OR=1.39,95%CI 1.18-1.63),other MR results were consistent with the overall population.In addition,the PPI network showed possible relationship between blood copper and four outcomes,namely brain cancer,prostate cancer,hypertension,and dysphagia.Blood copper may have causal association with prostate cancer,malignant and unknown neoplasms of the brain and nervous system,hypertension,and dysphagia.Considering that copper is modifiable,exploring whether regulation of copper levels can be used to optimize health outcomes might have public health importance.

摘要： Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important components of the host innate immuneresponse against microbial invasion.rn The cysteine-rich AMPs such as defensin and hepcidinhave been extensively studied from various organisms, but their role in disease defense in catfishis unknown. As a first step, here we sequenced the hepcidin cDNA from both channel catfishand blue catfish, and characterized the channel catfish hepcidin gene. The channel catfishhepcidin gene consists of two introns and three exons that encode a peptide of 96 amino acids.The amino acid sequences and gene organization were conserved between catfish and otherorganisms.In contrast to its almost exclusive expression in the liver in humans, the channelcatfish hepcidin gene was expressed in a wide range of tissues except brain.Its expression wasdetected early during embryonic and larval development.rn The expression of hepcidin gene wasinduced after bacterial infection with Edwardsiella ictaluri, the causative agent of entericsepticemia of catfish (ESC) in a tissue-specific manner. Its expression was upregulated in thespleen and head kidney, but not in the liver.rn The expression of hepcidin was upregulated 1-3days after challenge, but retumed to normal levels at 7 days after challenge. The expressionprofile of the catfish hepcidin gene during the course of bacterial infection mirrors those ofinflammatory proteins such as chemokines, suggesting an important role for hepcidin during inflammatory responses.

摘要： 本发明公开了一种利用连锁不平衡在家系中筛查Wilson disease基因突变的方法，它基于连锁不平衡原理，以单核苷酸多态性基因分型的方法，依靠6个单核苷酸多态性位点确定肝豆状核变性患者以及其兄弟姐妹(或者三级以内亲属)的基因型状态，将家系其他成员的单倍型与先证者的单倍型相比较判断是否为患病或杂合携带者。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种利用连锁不平衡在家系中筛查Wilson disease基因突变的方法，它基于连锁不平衡原理，以单核苷酸多态性基因分型的方法，依靠6个单核苷酸多态性位点确定肝豆状核变性患者以及其兄弟姐妹(或者三级以内亲属)的基因型状态，将家系其他成员的单倍型与先证者的单倍型相比较判断是否为患病或杂合携带者。