communication

摘要： 1.Introduction There is a significant gap between atmospheric space and undersea space for wireless radio transmission.The interface between air and seawater is a barrier to prevent radio wave transmission across the boundary.This is because seawater is an electrically conducting medium,and radio waves suffer significant absorptive attenuation there.As a result,there is no internet,reliable mobile communication,high-quality video,and long-distance duplex wireless communication in the underwater world of oceans.It is pitiful since the oceans share 71%of the surface of our planet and are of great importance to our economy,ecology,and living environment.

摘要： Following the massive commercialization of 5G mobile communication systems,both academia and industry are initiating research activities to shape the next-generation communication systems,namely,6G.Although the detailed killer-applications and key technologies of 6G have not been clearly defined yet,it is commonly expected that 6G will provide hypercoverage and hyper-connectivity.Enabled by these capabilities,the 6G communication systems are especially aiming at improving the user’s experi-ence greatly,or more ambitiously,to change the way of human’s everyday life.So far,many new services with more stringent requirements,such as truly immersive extended reali¬ty(XR),high-fidelity mobile hologram,and digital replica,are expected to be satisfied by the 6G communication systems.

摘要： Perovskite lasers,due to their superiority in feasible production and wavelength tunability,find application in optical communication[1].Since the discovery of stimulated emission from CsPbCl3 microcrystalline at liquid-nitrogen temperature[2],successive breakthroughs in perovskite lasers have been made.

摘要： This work reviews the opportunities to make the communication of Carbon Footprint more effective,starting from the experience of CFI(Carbon Footprint Italy)and moving in the direction of CFIA(Carbon Footprint International Alliance).In view of the implementation of the ambitious policies set globally,requiring a quick and irreversible decarbonization of all the sectors,it is crucial to guarantee that transparent,reliable,and effective information is provided to the public.The analysis is built on CFI,the Italian initiative,and is focused on the global initiatives that are evolving worldwide.To ensure the best communication possible of carbon footprints all around the world,it becomes necessary for all the programmes to apply the same,credible rules and collaborate in view of a mutual,multilateral recognition.Built upon the experience of MLA(Multi-Lateral Agreements)among accreditation bodies,the CFIA aims at gathering the existing initiatives to create a strengthened international network to boost the global recognition of carbon footprints,thus facilitating the enhancement of virtuous companies in the global market.

摘要： The landscape of mobile communication networks has been evolving so rapidly.Over the last decades,3G/4G achieved unprecedented success thanks to its advancement in IP for all,and high-speed,mobile and ubiquitous Internet access.Compared with 3G/4G,5G now makes significant advances in terms of connectivity,data rate and latency,which shifts from the conventional people-to-people to the modern people-to-things and things-to-things communication paradigm.

摘要： E-learning involves programs that use the internet to allow instructional material beyond classroom walls for interaction between educators and the learners.It is powerful tool in education if the right pedagogy is used.The purpose of the study was to interrogate types of e-learning modes,impact,success and challenges of e-learning at Bishop Hannington Institute of Theology and Development,Mombasa.The study adopted desk top research by observation of students and educators use of e-learning at BHI(Mombasa)and analyzed documents,books,journals on the patterns of e-learning in relation to BHI.The study reviewed the synchronous and asynchronous types of e-learning modes.Additionally,the study evaluated advantages and disadvantages of e-learning at BHI.The study aim was to give information to other universities,middle level colleges and secondary schools on the place of e-learning in modern education patterns and how best it can be improved.The study created awareness to the educators,students and the general public the need for e-learning.

摘要： The goal of 5G is to penetrate all areas of society and build an information ecosystem with the user at the center.However,limited by the time of standardization and the maturity of the development of related technologies,there are still many shortcomings in the spatial depth and breadth of information interaction.As the range of user activities increases and the performance requirements of communication systems increase,communication systems need to have higher peak rates,higher energy efficiency and the ability to connect to users anywhere and at any time.As a result,many scholars have started to investigate 6G communication system.6G has a variety of key technologies including Terahertz communication,Space-Air-Ground-Sea integrated communication and AI-based wireless communication.

摘要： Under the background of new liberal arts,in order to run a major well as well as highlight its characteristics and advantages,private colleges and universities cannot do without the construction of professional teaching teams and teaching reforms.Taking Sichuan University of Media and Communication as an example,a series of explorations and practices has been carried out from the aspects of professional team construction,personnel training objectives,professional curriculum system,professional teaching mode,and professional teaching quality,in which good results have been achieved.On this basis,a training base for journalism and communication talents serving the whole Sichuan Province and even the western region is constructed,so that the results of the project have a certain demonstration and promotion value for the construction and development of similar majors in new institutions of higher learning in Sichuan Province.

摘要： The objective was to measure the effect of various face masks on speech recognition threshold and the word recognition score in the presence of varying background noise levels.20 normal-hearing adult subjects(a total of 40 ears)participated.Pure tone audiometry followed by speech recognition threshold and word recognition score at the most comfortable level in varying signal-to-noise ratios(SNR0,SNR10,and SNR15)using surgical,pleated cloth,and N95 masks.Using surgical,cloth,and N95 masks,speech recognition thresholds increased by 1.8 dB,4.4 dB,and 5.05 dB,respectively.Word recognition scores decreased by 32%without a mask,43.7%in a surgical mask,46.3%in a cloth mask,and 46.7%in N95 mask conditions,between SNR15 and SNR0.The speech recognition threshold was negatively affected with cloth and N95 masks.Surgical masks do not affect the word recognition scores at lower background noise levels.However,as the signal-to-noise ratio decreased,even the surgical,cloth,and N95 masks significantly impacted the word recognition score even in normal-hearing individuals.

摘要： Background Eye movement abnormality in schizophrenia has been studied for several decades.However,patient differences in eye movements across phases of schizophrenia from eye-tracking studies have not been well documented.Aims This pilot study used eye-tracking technology to investigate attentive bias towards interpersonal communication information across different clinical phases of schizophrenia.Methods This study included 78 persons at clinical high risk(CHR)for schizophrenia,68 first-episode(FEZ)patients,and 39 chronically ill patients from the Shanghai At Risk for Psychosis Extending Project(SHARP Extending cohort)as well as 74 healthy controls(HCs).The experiment was an unguided-viewing task composed of 24 trials showing three types of pictures which varied in the degree of interpersonal communication.Type 1 was a scenery picture without people,type 2 was a picture with four people not communicating,and type 3 was a picture with four people communicating.We used two measures:(1)initial fixation duration and(2)total fixation duration.Results A ratio for both measures was calculated between measures for pictures with more or less interpersonal communication.The ratio of initial fixation duration for pictures with people communicating versus pictures with people not communicating was lowest in chronically ill patients(0.13(0.34))compared with HCs(0.31(0.36)),FEZ patients(0.31(0.46)),and CHR patients(0.36(0.42)).The difference in the ratios of initial fixation duration for type 2 and type 3 pictures was also significant for female participants(HCs vs chronically ill patients,t=2.706,p=0.009;CHR patients vs chronically ill patients,t=4.079,p<0.001).In addition,the ratio of initial fixation duration on pictures with people not communicating versus pictures without people negatively correlated with participants’high-risk symptoms(r=−0.35,p=0.002)among the CHR group and also correlated with the negative symptom subscore on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS)among chronically ill patients(r=−0.33,p=0.037).The ratio of initial fixation duration between type 1 and type 3 pictures was associated with PANSS negative symptoms only in female patients with schizophrenia(r=−0.46,p=0.004).Conclusions These findings suggest an altered attentive bias towards pictures with a high degree of interpersonal communication information across different clinical phases in schizophrenia.The ratio of initial attentive orienting was associated with negative symptoms in female patients.

摘要： In some case, it maybe need to build communication between two different application of someprogram language. What this article talks about is, how to build a channel between WinInet in C++andServelt in Java through a special way and make a simple communication. The results of the experiment showthat this method is totally possible to make the communication between C++and Servelt work smoothly. Themethod that this article provided is just a simple example, in order to make a more complex application inthis field, there is a long way to go.

摘要： In order to adapt to the new requests of the high-speed railway，thisDaper presents a microwave communication system between trains and ground tacilities．Concretely，the paper analyses propagation characteristics of the wirelesscommunication system，and compares several microwaves in different trequencybands．Secondly，factors which affect the Bit Error Rate at the receive antennaare discussed in detail，such as the velocity of the train and rainfall．Computersimulation indicates that the propagation characteristics can satisfied the requestsof the special communication．