Zanthoxylum oil is produced by five processing technics, the oil samples are extracted by solid-phase microextraction(SPME)method.Zanthoxylum oil produced by five processing technics is analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).107 components separated from the extract have been identified, the results show that main volatile flavor compounds are linalool and limonene, the two kinds of flavor components account for 76.7%~93.0% of the total flavor components, linalool accounts for 15.0%~51.5%, while limonene accounts for 38.6%~67.7%, low-temperature extracting technic has the highest content of linalool, which is 51.5%.While normal pressure and temperature extracting technic has the lowest content of linalool, which is 15.0%.Normal pressure and temperature extracting technic has the highest content of d-limonene, which is 67.7%.While high-temperature watering oil and extracting technic have the lowest content of limonene, which is 38.6%.Linalool and limonene are easily volatile at higher temperature.In order to attain high-quality Zanthoxylum oil, it is necessary to adopt appropriate processing technic.The purpose of our research is to provide some theoretical foundation for producing high-quality Zanthoxylum oil, so enterprises can organize production and quality control of Zanthoxylum oil effectively.%以5种加工工艺制取的鲜花椒油为原料,采用固相微萃取(SPME)装置顶空取样,用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对鲜花椒油挥发性风味成分进行鉴定.结果表明:共鉴定出107个化合物,鲜花椒油的主要挥发性风味成分为芳樟醇及柠檬烯,2种风味成分占鲜花椒油总风味成分的76.7%~93.0%,芳樟醇占15.0%~51.5%,柠檬烯占38.6%~67.7%,5种加工工艺制取的鲜花椒油中芳樟醇、柠檬烯含量有明显差异.其中低温浸提工艺制取鲜花椒油的芳樟醇含量最高为51.5%,常温常压压榨工艺制取鲜花椒油最低为15.0%.常温常压压榨工艺制取鲜花椒油的柠檬烯含量最高为67.7%,高温油淋-浸提结合工艺制取鲜花椒油最低为38.6%.在高温条件下芳樟醇、柠檬烯易挥发损失,为得到高品质的花椒油,需要采用适宜的加工工艺,研究为制取风味、口感良好的花椒油提供理论依据,以便生产企业有效组织花椒油的生产和品质控制.
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