摘要:
Objective To compare the clinical effects of G-arm X-ray machine and C-arm X-ray machine in percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) of thoracolumbar spine.Methods The clinical data of ninety-five patients with thoracolumbar OVCF treated with PKP from May 2016 to August 2017 in Yanan University Affiliated Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into two groups according to the different guiding fluoroscopy methods used during the operation.Forty-six cases in G arm group completed PKP under the guidance of G arm X-ray machine,Forty-nine cases in C arm group completed PKP under the guidance of C arm X-ray machine.The operation time,fluoroscopy times,cement leakage cases,the height of injured vertebral leading edge,Cobb angle of kyphosis,visual analogue score and Oswestry dysfunction index were recorded before and after operation,and the related indexes were analyzed and compared.Results Two groups of patients were successfully completed surgery,no complications of vascular and nerve injury.The operation time and fluoroscopy times in G arm group were less than those in C arm group (operation time:(29.6±4.5) min vs.(42.5±5.3) min,and fluoroscopy times in G arm group:(9.1±2.0) vs.(16.9±3.2));the difference was statistically significant (t =-12.747,12.870,P< 0.01).Postoperative height of injured vertebral leading edge(G arm group (22.3±5.3) mm),C arm group (22.4±5.1) mm),kyphosis Cobb angle (G arm group (9.2±3.8)°,C arm group (9.3±3.7) o),visual analogue score (G arm group (2.1±0.7)points,C arm group (2.2±0.9) points),Oswestry dysfunction index (G arm group (21.3±8.5) points,C arm group(21.5 ± 8.3)points),compared with preoperative(the hight of injured vertebral leading edge of G arm group (18.2 ±5.3) mm,C arm group (18.4±5.2) mm,Cobb angle of injured vertebra G arm group (15.7±4.4) °,C arm group (15.9±4.3) °,visual analogue score of G arm group (7.8± 1.2) points,C arm group (7.7± 1.1) points,Oswestry dysfunction index score of G arm group(41.2±8.3)points,C arm group (41.5±8.2) points),the difference was statistically significant (t =-3.709,-3.844,-7.582,-8.144,27.827,27.088,11.360,11.999,P<0.01),but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P >0.05).Conclusion Using G-arm X-ray machine to assist PKP in the treatment of thoracolumbar spine OVCF can effectively shorten the operation time,reduce the intraoperative fluoroscopy time,and the clinical effect is satisfactory.%目的 比较G型臂X线机与C型臂X线机在经皮椎体后凸成形术(percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP)治疗脊柱胸腰段骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture,OVCF)中的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析延安大学附属医院2016年5月至2017年8月95例采用PKP治疗的脊柱胸腰段OVCF患者的临床资料,按术中所用引导透视方法的不同分为两组.G臂组采用G型臂X线机引导下完成PKP46例,C臂组采用C型臂X线机引导下完成PKP49例.记录两组患者的手术时间,术中透视次数,骨水泥漏例数,术前、术后伤椎前缘高度,伤椎后凸Cobb角,视觉模拟评分,Oswestry功能障碍指数评分,对相关指标进行统计学分析比较.结果 两组患者手术均顺利完成,未出现血管神经损伤并发症.G臂组手术时间、术中透视次数少于C臂组[手术时间:(29.6±4.5)m in与(42.5±5.3)min,术中透视次数(9.1±2.0)次与(16.9±3.2)次,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为-12.747、12.870,P均<0.01).两组术后伤椎前缘高度[G臂组(22.3±5.3)mm、C臂组(22.4±5.1)mm]、伤椎后凸Cobb角[G臂组(9.2±3.8)°、C臂组(9.3±3.7)°]、视觉模拟评分[G臂组(2.1±0.7)分、C臂组(2.2±0.9)分]、Oswestry功能障碍指数评分[G臂组(21.3±8.5)分、C臂组(21.5±8.3)分]与术前[伤椎前缘高度G臂组(18.2±5.3)mm、C臂组(18.4±5.2)mm;伤椎后凸Cobb 角G臂组(15.7±4.4)°、C臂组(15.9±4.3)°;视觉模拟评分[G臂组(7.8±1.2)分、C臂组(7.7±1.1)分]、Oswestry功能障碍指数评分[G臂组(41.2±8.3)分、C臂组(41.5±8.2)分]对比,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-3.709与-3.844、-7.582与-8.144、27.827与27.088、11.360与11.999,P均<0.01);而两组间对比,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05).结论 G型臂X线机辅助实施PKP治疗脊柱胸腰段OVCF可以有效地缩短手术时间,减少术中透视时间,临床效果满意.