非洲山毛豆油酸法与酶法脱胶工艺优化

摘要

Tephrosia vogelii Hook f. seed oil was used as the material, and the influence on degumming effect of parameters of citric acid degumming and enzymatic degumming was investigated. On the basis of the single factor experiment, the conditions of citric acid degumming were optimized by orthogonal experiment as follows: citric acid dosage 3.0 g/kg, temperature 70 ℃, water dosage 4.5％ and time 30 min.Under these conditions, the degumming rate reached 93.95％, and the phosphorus content of the degummed oil was 28.91 mg/kg. The conditions for the enzymatic degumming process were optimized by the uniform design method as follows: time 5.5 h, enzyme dosage 0.60 IU/g, temperature 57 ℃, water dosage 3.7％ and pH 4.7. Under these conditions, the phosphorus content of the degummed oil reached 9. 853 6 mg/kg. The results showed that enzymatic degumming process could remove the non -hydratable phosphatides more efficiently.%以非洲山毛豆毛油为试验材料,研究了酸法脱胶与酶法脱胶工艺参数对其脱胶效果的影响.在单因素试验基础上,通过正交试验得出柠檬酸辅助脱胶的最佳条件为:柠檬酸添加量3.0 g/kg,脱胶温度70℃=,加水量4.5%,脱胶时间30 min.该条件下磷脂脱除率达93.95%,脱胶油的磷含量为28.91 mg/kg.利用均匀设计法确定了磷脂酶脱胶的最佳工艺参数为:脱胶时间5.5 h,酶添加量0.60 IU/g,脱胶温度57℃,加水量3.7%,pH 4.7.在此条件下脱胶油的磷含量为9.853 6mg/kg.试验证明,采用酶法可有效去除非水化磷脂,达到更好的脱胶效果.