摘要：
[Aim] In order to better understand the morphology and function of Malpighian tubules of the Cicadomorpha,comparative morphology and ultrastructure of the mute cicada Karenia caelatata Distant and the coleopterous spittlebug Lepyronia coleoptrata (Linnaeus) were investigated.[Methods] The Malpighian tubules of adult K.caelatata and L.coleoptrata were observed using both light and transmission electron microscopies.[Results] The results show that except the anterior-most segment that takes part in the formation of the filter chamber,each tubule outside the filter chamber of both K.caelatata and L.coleoptrata is morphologically differentiated into four regions,i.e.,intermediate duct,proximal segment,distal segment,and terminal segment.Apical parts of the terminal segments in K.caelatata are attached to the ileum,with the posteriormost ends united in pairs and enveloped by a connetcive tissue shortly before arriving at the rectum,whereas the corresponding parts in L.coleoptrata terminate as separated rods and closely attached to the rectum.Uhrastructurally,cells of the tubules in both species possess basal infoldings and apical microvilli.Cells of the proximal segment in K.caelatata possess secretory vesicles,secretory granules,rough endoplasmic reticulum and urospherites.In L.coleoptrata,cells of the proximal segment possess abundant secretory vesicles,and cells of the distal segment contain oval vesicles which appear to fuse with the basal plasma membrane.The microorganisms observed in the proximal and distal segments of K.caelatata are possibly symbiotic bacteria,while those resided in the intermediate duct of L.coleoptrata are likely to be pathogenic.[Conclusion] The similarities and differences in morphological characteristics and ultrastructure of Malpighian tubules in the two Cicadomorpha representatives,K.caelatata and L.coleoptrata,not only support the sister relationship of Cicadoidea and Cercopoidea,but also improve our understanding of the functional differentiation of Malpighian tubules in the Cicadomorpha.The discovery of microorganisms in the Malpighian tubules of the two species is informative to the future study of coevolution between the Cicadomorpha and related bacteria and to the biological control of related pests.%[目的]本研究通过形态及超微结构比较研究,进一步了解蝉次目蝉总科和沫蝉总科这两个近缘类群的马氏管形态和功能分化.[方法]利用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜技术,对合哑蝉Karenia caelatata Distant和鞘翅圆沫蝉Lepyronia coleoptrata (Linnaeus)成虫马氏管的整体形态构造和超微结构进行了比较研究.[结果]结果显示,在整体形态构造方面,合哑蝉和鞘翅圆沫蝉马氏管在滤室外的部分均分化为4个区段:过渡区、基部区、端部区和末端区.合哑蝉马氏管末端区附着于回肠并被结缔组织包裹,最末端两两愈合为一体;鞘翅圆沫蝉的末端区不愈合,最末端膨大成棒状并贴附于直肠.超微结构观察表明,这两种蝉次目昆虫的马氏管管壁细胞均具有基膜内褶和微绒毛.合哑蝉马氏管基部区管壁细胞含有分泌囊泡、分泌颗粒、内质网和矿物质颗粒.鞘翅圆沫蝉马氏管基部区管壁细胞包含大量分泌囊泡,端部区细胞中的卵形囊泡与基膜愈合.马氏管中的微生物形态表明,合哑蝉马氏管的基部区、端部区中的微生物可能为共生细菌,鞘翅圆沫蝉马氏管的过渡区中微生物可能为病原茵.[结论]合哑蝉和鞘翅圆沫蝉马氏管在形态构造和超微结构方面的异同,一方面为蝉总科和沫蝉总科的姊妹群关系提供了重要证据,另一方面也为其马氏管的排泄及分泌功能分化研究提供了重要信息.相关微生物的发现为进一步探讨共生菌与蝉次目昆虫的协同进化,以及利用微生物进行该类害虫的防治提供了信息.
