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摘要： BACKGROUND Growing evidence have demonstrated that thyroid hormones have been involved in the processes of cardiovascular metabolism.However,the causal relationship of thyroid function and cardiometabolic health remains partly unknown.METHODS The Mendelian randomization(MR)was used to test genetic,potentially causal relationships between instrumental variables and cardiometabolic traits.Genetic variants of free thyroxine(FT4)and thyrotropin(TSH)levels within the reference range were used as instrumental variables.Data for genetic associations with cardiometabolic diseases were acquired from the genome-wide association studies of the FinnGen,CARDIoGRAM and CARDIoGRAMplusC4D,CHARGE,and MEGASTROKE.This study was conducted using summary statistic data from large,previously described cohorts.Association between thyroid function and essential hypertension(EHTN),secondary hypertension(SHTN),hyperlipidemia(HPL),type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),ischemic heart disease(IHD),myocardial infarction(MI),heart failure(HF),pulmonary heart disease(PHD),stroke,and non-rheumatic valve disease(NRVD)were examined.RESULTS Genetically predicted FT4 levels were associated with SHTN(odds ratio=0.48;95%CI=0.04−0.82,P=0.027),HPL(odds ratio=0.67;95%CI=0.18−0.88,P=0.023),T2DM(odds ratio=0.80;95%CI=0.42−0.86,P=0.005),IHD(odds ratio=0.85;95%CI=0.49−0.98,P=0.039),NRVD(odds ratio=0.75;95%CI=0.27−0.97,P=0.039).Additionally,genetically predicted TSH levels were associated with HF(odds ratio=0.82;95%CI=0.68−0.99,P=0.042),PHD(odds ratio=0.75;95%CI=0.32−0.82,P=0.006),stroke(odds ratio=0.95;95%CI=0.81−0.97,P=0.007).However,genetically predicted thyroid function traits were not associated with EHTN and MI.CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests FT4 and TSH are associated with cardiometabolic diseases,underscoring the importance of the pituitary-thyroid-cardiac axis in cardiometabolic health susceptibility.

摘要： Methods:ARTIC PC was a double-blind,randomised,placebo-controlled trial done at 56 general practices in England.Eligible children were those aged 6 months to 12 years presenting in primary care with acute uncomplicated LRTI judged to be infective in origin,where pneumonia was not suspected clinically,with symptoms for less than 21 days.Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive amoxicillin 50 mg/kg per day or placebo oral suspension,in three divided doses orally for 7 days.Patients and investigators were masked to treatment assignment.The primary outcome was the duration of symptoms rated moderately bad or worse(measured using a validated diary)for up to 28 days or until symptoms resolved.The primary outcome and safety were assessed in the intention-to-treat population.The trial is registered with the ISRCTN Registry(ISRCTN79914298).

摘要： The theory of photoionization describing the interaction of x-ray free-electron laser(XFEL)pulses and high-harmonic-generated(HHG)radiation is generalized to ultrashort laser pulses,where the concept of the standard ionization probability per unit time in Fermi’s golden rule and in Einstein’s theory breaks down.Numerical calculations carried out in terms of a generalized photoionization probability for the total duration of pulses in the near-threshold regime demonstrate essentially nonlinear behavior,while absolute values may change by orders of magnitude for typical XFEL and HHG pulses.XFEL self-amplified spontaneous emission pulses are analyzed to reveal general features of photoionization for random and regular spikes:the dependences of the nonlinear photoionization probability on carrier frequency and spike duration are very similar,allowing an analytical expectation value approach that is valid even when there is only limited knowledge of random and regular parameters.Numerical simulations carried out for typical parameters demonstrate excellent agreement.

摘要： 多年前的一个夏天,我在一家常去的旧书店里发现了一本名为《一百万随机数与十万标准偏差》(A Million Random Digits with 100,000 Normal Deviates)的书。被书名吸引,我不禁翻阅起来。这本书没让我失望。书的主要内容是一个长达400页的随机数表,每页50行,每行50个数字。

摘要： Traditional charge-based memories,such as dynamic random-access memory(DRAM)and flash,are approaching their scaling limits.A variety of resistance-based memories,such as phase-change memory(PCM),magnetic random-access memory(MRAM)and resistive random-access memory(RRAM),have been long considered for emerging memory applications thanks to their non-volatility,fast speed,low power,and compact size for potentially high-density integration.

摘要： The traditional linear programming model is deterministic. The way that uncertainty is handled is to compute the range of optimality. After the optimal solution is obtained, typically by the simplex method, one considers the effect of varying each objective function coefficient, one at a time. This yields the range of optimality within which the decision variables remain constant. This sensitivity analysis is useful for helping the analyst get a sense for the problem. However, it is unrealistic because objective function coefficients tend not to stand still. They are typically profit contributions from products sold and are subject to randomly varying selling prices. In this paper, a realistic linear program is created for simultaneously randomizing the coefficients from any probability distribution. Furthermore, we present a novel approach for designing a copula of random objective function coefficients according to a specified rank correlation. The corresponding distribution of objective function values is created. This distribution is examined directly for central tendency, spread, skewness and extreme values for the purpose of risk analysis. This enables risk analysis and business analytics, emerging topics in education and preparation for the knowledge economy.

摘要： Background Many studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Screening,Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment(SBIRT)in addressing substance use problem.However,owing to the shortage of counsellors,it has not been widely used in China.With the development of smart medicine,we developed a web-based electronic SBIRT(E-SBIRT)program and explored the effectiveness of E-SBIRT in reducing substance use in China.Methods A randomised controlled trial will be conducted in primary healthcare institutions.Four primary healthcare institutions will be selected and randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group(each institution will recruit 60 participants,and in total,240 participants will be recruited).The control group will get a pamphlet of drug abuse prevention,and the intervention group will get the E-SBIRT intervention and the pamphlet.Both groups will receive baseline and follow-up assessment at 1 and 3 months after the intervention.The primary outcome is the change in scores on the Alcohol,Smoking and Substance Use Involvement Screening Test,and the secondary outcomes include changes in motivation,depression,anxiety,positive/negative emotion,self-esteem,addiction knowledge and addiction severity index.Conclusions If the‘E-SBIRT’program is found to be effective,it will be an accessible,affordable and widely implementable intervention to help participants at moderate risk of substance use to reduce their consumption.The potential benefit is to provide early intervention to high-risk patients in time and reduce the harmful consequences to individuals and society.

摘要： Background:To reduce treatment burden and optimise patient outcomes in diabetic macular oedema,we present 1-year results from two phase 3 trials of faricimab,a novel angiopoietin-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A bispecific antibody.Methods:YOSEMITE and RHINE were randomised,double-masked,non-inferiority trials across 353 sites worldwide.Adults with vision loss due to centre-involving diabetic macular oedema were randomly assigned(1:1:1)to intravitreal faricimab 6.0 mg every 8 weeks,faricimab 6.0 mg per personalised treatment interval(PTI),or aflibercept 2.0 mg every 8 weeks up to week 100.PTI dosing intervals were extended,maintained,or reduced(every 4 weeks up to every 16 weeks)based on disease activity at active dosing visits.The primary endpoint was mean change in best-corrected visual acuity at 1 year.

摘要： Background:The Ad5-nCoV vaccine is a single-dose adenovirus type 5(Ad5)vectored vaccine expressing the SARS-CoV2 spike protein that was well-tolerated and immunogenic in phase 1 and 2 studies.In this study,we report results on the final efficacy and interim safety analyses of the phase 3 trial.Methods:This double-blind,randomised,international,placebo-controlled,endpoint-case driven,phase 3,clinical trial enrolled adults aged 18 years older at study centres in Argentina,Chile,Mexico,Pakistan,and Russia.Participants were eligible for the study if they had no unstable or severe underlying medical or psychiatric conditions;had no history of a laboratoryconfirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection;were not pregnant or breastfeeding;and had no previous receipt of an adenovirus-vectored,coronavirus,or SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.After informed consent was obtained,25 mL of whole blood was withdrawn from all eligible participants who were randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive a single intramuscular dose of 0·5 mL placebo or a 0·5 mL dose of 5×1010 viral particle(vp)/mL Ad5-nCoV vaccine;study staff and participants were blinded to treatment allocation.All participants were contacted weekly by email,telephone,or text message to self-report any symptoms of COVID-19 illness,and laboratory testing for SARS-CoV-2 was done for all participants with any symptoms.The primary efficacy objective evaluated Ad5-nCoV in preventing symptomatic,PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection occurring at least 28 days after vaccination in all participants who were at least 28 days postvaccination on Jan 15,2021.The primary safety objective evaluated the incidence of any serious adverse events or medically attended adverse events postvaccination in all participants who received a study injection.This trial is closed for enrolment and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov(NCT04526990).

摘要： Dear editor,The study of mean-variance portfolio selection problems began with a single-period setting by Markowitz [1].Then,inspired by Li and Ng [2],Zhou [3] first introduced a linearly constrained linear quadratic (LQ) control approach to solve this type of problem with deterministic market parameters.Along this line,Lim [4] generalized the results in [3] to a case with random parameters in an incomplete market.

摘要： 本发明公开了一种基于LatticeRandomWalk的墨水扩散模型建模方法，用于解决现有墨水扩散模型建模方法实时性差的技术问题。技术方案是将用于液体或气体分子运动轨迹研究的RandomWalk理论应用于墨水扩散模型建模，由经典RandomWalk扩散方程建立用于墨水扩散建模的LatticeRandomWalk扩散方程；依据墨水在纸张上扩散的实际物理特性，确定LatticeRandomWalk墨水扩散方程的两个主要约束条件，扩散范围R与扩散步数N，实现不同扩散特性纸张墨水扩散模型建模。由于LatticeRandomWalk算法实现简单、可并行，提高了墨水扩散模型建模的实时性。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种基于Random Walk的图像融合方法，它包括以下步骤：(1)在源图像中勾勒出含有待复制图像的图像patch，并指定该图像patch拷贝到目标图像上的具体位置；(2)为所述含有待复制图像的图像构造图结构，(3)使用Random Walk方法求解Dirichlet问题，进而得到图像融合问题所需要的中间结果；(4)将步骤(3)中生成的中间结果与源图像相叠加，并将叠加结果拷贝到步骤(1)中指定的拷贝到目标图像上的位置，生成图像融合结果。本发明只需用户提供含有“显著物体”的图像patch并指定在目标图上的拷贝位置，本方法将自动地消除patch的边界不一致，并保证“显著物体”的颜色不发生改变。

摘要： 本发明公开了基于Random Forest神经网络的金融风险评估方法。包括以下步骤：第一步，在服务端设置Random Forest模型，并给出训练集和测试集，通过Bagging算法训练Random Forest模型；第二步，在客户端提出用户金融风险评估请求给到服务端；第三步，服务端在收到客户端请求后，通过匹配存储库中用户个人身份id，获取该用户所有业务属性以及金融数据；第四步，服务器端利用训练好的Random Forest模型对该用户的业务属性和金融数据进行风险评估，并将输出结果返回给服务器端；第五步，服务器将结果进行整理，最后输出给客户端最终的金融风险评估结果。本发明能够避免客户金融数据多地存储，保证客户金融数据存储安全。

摘要： 在许多业务系统中，系统用户都会分为管理端用户和下级客户端用户，为了保证系统安全性，外界用户不能随意注册为系统客户端用户，管理端用户需要给下级客户端用户分配用户名和密码，而手动设置在用户较多时必然会导致工作量骤增，出错或重复的可能性也很大。这是就需要在管理端添加用户信息的时候，使用Random函数按照既定规则自动给用户分配用户名和密码，这样可以更加高效快速的给用户分配用户名与密码，并且可以有效避免重复性。之后再增加加密功能，使安全性大大提升。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种基于Lattice Random Walk的墨水扩散模型建模方法，用于解决现有墨水扩散模型建模方法实时性差的技术问题。技术方案是将用于液体或气体分子运动轨迹研究的Random Walk理论应用于墨水扩散模型建模，由经典Random Walk扩散方程建立用于墨水扩散建模的Lattice Random Walk扩散方程；依据墨水在纸张上扩散的实际物理特性，确定Lattice Random Walk墨水扩散方程的两个主要约束条件，扩散范围R与扩散步数N，实现不同扩散特性纸张墨水扩散模型建模。由于Lattice Random Walk算法实现简单、可并行，提高了墨水扩散模型建模的实时性。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种基于RandomWalk的图像融合方法，它包括以下步骤：(1)在源图像中勾勒出含有待复制图像的图像patch，并指定该图像patch拷贝到目标图像上的具体位置；(2)为所述含有待复制图像的图像构造图结构，(3)使用RandomWalk方法求解Dirichlet问题，进而得到图像融合问题所需要的中间结果；(4)将步骤(3)中生成的中间结果与源图像相叠加，并将叠加结果拷贝到步骤(1)中指定的拷贝到目标图像上的位置，生成图像融合结果。本发明只需用户提供含有“显著物体”的图像patch并指定在目标图上的拷贝位置，本方法将自动地消除patch的边界不一致，并保证“显著物体”的颜色不发生改变。

摘要： 本发明具体涉及一种基于random变换的CT系统参数标定与成像方法，在正方形托盘上放置两个均匀固体介质组成的标定模板，模板的几何信息和吸收率已知，根据该标定模板及其接收信息，求解CT系统旋转中心在正方形托盘中的位置、探测器单元的间距以及X射线的180个方向；利用问题1中CT系统得到的未知介质1的接收信息，未知介质1相应的数据文件已知，利用问题1中的标定参数，确定该未知介质1在正方形托盘中的位置、几何形状及吸收率；同样得到未知介质2的相关信息；设计新模板建立对应的标定模型，以改进CT系统的标定精度和稳定性。该方法提高了参数的精度，成像质量高，且求解各个参数方法直观易懂。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种基于random walk的排序方法，包括如下步骤：(1)构建赢/输有向图，图的节点为待排序的对象，以竞争规则决定图中两节点之间边的方向；(2)在图上的游走均匀随机的选择下一跳节点实现random walk；(3)计算每个节点的重要性程度，进而得到最终的排序结果。本发明最终的排序结果不但得出了待排序对象之间竞争的输赢次数，还考虑了待排序对象自身的重要程度，能有效地针对不同的应用背景设计相应的算法，为算法的选择做出了理论指导，同时为实验中算法的验证和参数的调整提供了便利。