Knowledge and Skill Differences in Novices and Experts.

摘要

The objective of this research is to construct a theory of expertise based upon empirical description of expert problem solving abilities in complex knowledge domains. Our goal is to develop a theory that is representative enough to encompass both analytical types of problem solving (such as, solving problems in physics), as well as more spatial types of problem solving (such as maneuvering in a large-scale environment). Our work in the past three years has proceeded in these two directions. A major interest of the project is to determine the extent to which there are skills that are generalized across domains, and skills that are domain-specific. the practical outcome of our work is the identification of dimensions of expertise that can be taken into account in training and assessing the attainment of high-level competence.