CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞在骨髓造血系统疾病中的研究进展

摘要

CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cell is a unique T-cell subsets with immune regulation function. Natural CD4+CD25 + regulatory T cell originates from the thymus and acquired CD4+CD25 + regulatory T cell can be induced from CD4* CD25 - T cells in peripheral blood. A specific transcription inhibicory factor-foxp3 , can be expressed in its molecule surface, besides, it also can express other membrane molecules, such as CD4, CD25, CTLA-4 ( CD152), GITR, CD103, CD62L, CD69, CD134, CD71, CD54, CD45RA , TGF-β1 , IL-10, glactin-1 , neuropilin-1 , etc. Its main function is immunosuppression and immune anergy. Recent research finds that it overexpresses in acute myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. However, in aplastic anemia its expression is much lower than normal. Other researchers believe that it has much to do with acute graft versus host disease, in its occurrence and development. In this article, we will review the recent research results of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cell in bone marrow hematopoietic system diseases, specifically, in leukemia, acute graft versus host disease, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome and multiple myeloma.%CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(regulatory T cell, Treg)是具有独特免疫调节功能的T细胞亚群. 天然CD4+CD25+ Treg起源于胸腺,外周血中CD4+CD25-T细胞亦可诱导产生.其分子表面表达特异性的转录抑制因子Foxp3,还表达CD4、CD25、CTLA-4(CD152))、GITR、CD103、CD62L、CD69、CD134、CD71、CD54、CD45RA、TGF-β1、IL-10、半乳糖结合蛋白(glactin)-1、神经菌毛素(neuropilin)-1等膜分子,具有免疫抑制和免疫无能作用.近年来研究发现,急性髓细胞白血病(acute myeloid leukemia,AML)、慢性淋巴细胞白血病(chronic lymphocytic leukemia,CLL)、高危骨髓异常增生综合征(myelodysplastic syndrome, MDS)患者Treg表达异常增高,而在再生障碍性贫血(aplastic anemia,AA)患者表达明显降低,其异常表达还与急性移植物抗宿主病(acute graft-versus-host disease, aGVHD)的发生发展密切相关.文中就Treg在白血病、aGVHD、AA、MDS、多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)等骨髓造血系统疾病中的研究进展作一综述.