CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞在多种类型疫苗中作用的研究进展

摘要

CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞具有免疫抑制作用.CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞可由多种类型肿瘤、病原体诱导产生.一方面抑制炎症,防止机体组织损伤;另一方面阻碍机体清除肿瘤细胞和病原体,有利于肿瘤和病原体逃避宿主免疫攻击.使用抗体阻断CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞或干扰其抑制功能则利于机体清除肿瘤和病原体.同样,多种类型疫苗可诱导宿主产生CD4+ CD25+调节性T细胞,因而抑制了疫苗引起的免疫反应.使用抗体如抗CD25单克隆抗体等封闭CD4+ CD25+调节性T细胞或者抑制其分泌的细胞因子如白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β),可增强疫苗的免疫保护效果,从而为寻找更有效的疫苗提供新的思路.%CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells are crucial players in balancing inflammation and antigen specific immune responses.In tumors and chronic infectious diseases,CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells can be induced and dampen inflammation to limit tissue damage,but they can also inhibit ensuing effector immunity,thereby impairing pathogen clearance.Depletion or functional inactivation of these cells improves immunotherapy.Various kinds of vaccines can also induce CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells,which interfere with the immunoprotection.Antibody used to block CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells or suppressive cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β can also enhance the immnoprotection.A better understanding of the induction and activity of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells is relevant for the design of better vaccines that optimally induce effector immunity without co-induction of excessive CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells activity.