冷鲜鸡腿肉中优势腐败菌的分离鉴定及腐败能力研究

摘要

为了有针对性地控制冷鲜鸡中微生物污染,用平板划线分离和感官评价方法对变质冷鲜鸡中的优势腐败菌进行分离筛选.再将传统的微生物生理生化鉴定方法与16S rDNA序列分析方法相结合,通过构建系统发育树,对分离筛选出的进行鉴定.最后将各优势腐败菌重新接种至灭菌肉块于4℃贮藏,分别在第1、2、4、6、8天测定各组接种肉块的菌落总数和挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N),并以TVB-N产量因子(YTVB-N)探讨各优势腐败菌的腐败能力.结果表明:经选择性培养基划线分离和感官评价方法,接种肉块共筛选得到5株优势腐败菌即J3、S1、M3、V1和J1,鉴定结果分别为:Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes、Brochothrix thermosphacta、Staphylococcus saprophyticus、Achromobacter xylosoxidans、Serratia grimesii.进一步研究其腐败特性,接种优势腐败菌的肉块在4℃贮藏过程中,通过计算YTVB-N发现:J3的腐败能力最强,而V1的腐败能力相对较弱.%In order to control microbial contaminant of chilled chicken in targeted way,dominant spoilage bacteria isolated from deteriorated chilled chicken leg were screened using selective medium and sensory evaluation.Using the structure of phylogenetic tree,they were identified by traditional physio-biochemical tests combining with 16S rDNA sequence analysis.The sterilized chicken legs were stored at 4 ℃ after inoculated with each identified strain.The bacterial population and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) value in the 1 st,2nd,4th,6th and 8th day were determined respectively.YTVB-N,the yield factor of microbial metabolites,was selected to evaluate the spoilage capability of strains.The results showed that five strains of dominant spoilage bacteria,designated as J3,S1,M3,V1 and J1,were obtained and identified as Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes,Brochothrix thermosphacta,Staphylococcus saprophyticus,Achromobacter xylosoxidans,and Serratia grimesii,respectively.By calculating YTVB-N,it could be found that spoilage capability of J3 was the strongest among the spoilage bacteria under 4 ℃ cold storage,and V1 was the weakest,however.