益生菌对肠道先天防御反应调节作用的研究进展

摘要

Probiotics are a kind of living microorganism which can be administered in feed and confer numerous health benefits to animals.Probiotics play a key role in maintaining the microbial balance of gastrointestinal,immunomodulation and pathogen defense,specific probiotics show certain degree of potential to reinforce the integrity of intestinal epithelium and regulate some immune components.The mechanism of probiotic action is an area of interest.Among all possible routes of modulation by probiotics of intestinal mediated defense responses,modulations of intestinal barrier function,innate and adaptive mucosal immune responses as well as signaling pathways are considered to play an important role in the intestinal defense responses against pathogenic bacteria.This review summarizes how probiotic bacteria interact with goblet cell derived mucins,trefoil factors (TFFs),defensins,Toll-like receptors (TLRs),secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA),heat shock proteins (HSPs) and P-glycoproteins (P-gp) in the gut to regulate the intestinal innate defense responses,which is regarded as the scientific basis for the future detailed study of benefits of probiotics towards the health of intestine and also dietary intervention against intestinal exposure to pathogens.%益生菌是可添加在饲料中对动物健康产生很多益处的活微生物,其在维持胃肠道微生物平衡、免疫调节和病原体防御中起关键作用,某些特定的益生菌菌株对加强肠上皮的完整性和调节一些免疫组分也显示出一定程度的潜力.有关益生菌的作用机制是当前研究的热点,其中,在益生菌调节肠道介导的防御反应的所有可能途径中,肠屏障功能、先天和适应性黏膜免疫反应及信号传导途径被认为在针对病原菌的肠防御反应中起重要作用.作者主要针对益生菌如何与肠道内的杯状细胞黏蛋白、三叶因子(trefoil factors,tffs)、防御素、Toll样受体(Toll-like receptors,TLRs)、分泌型免疫球蛋白A(secretory immunoglobulin A,sIgA)、热休克蛋白(heat shock proteins,HSPs)和P糖蛋白(P-glycoprotein,P-gp)相互作用而起到调节肠道先天防御反应的作用进行了概述,以期为今后 研究益生菌对肠道健康及对感染病原体的肠道如何起到有益作用奠定基础.