Diameter

摘要： To enrich knowledge on the growth dynamics of commercial forest species in the Congo Basin, a study was conducted in Cameroon, within a community forest in savannah forest transition zone (Zone 1) and within FMU 10 052 in dense semi-deciduous humid forest (Zone 2). It aimed to obtain, in 8 species, the height (H) of the tree from its diameter (D) more accessible: Entandophragma cylindricum (Meliacea), Eribroma oblongum, Sterculia rhinopetala et Triplochiton scleroxylon (Malvaceae);Erythrophleum suaveolens et Piptadeniastrum africanum (Fabaceae), Milicia excelsa (Moraceae) et Terminalia superba (Combretaceae). The destructive method was used. After felling and flushing out a tree, the dendrometric parameters were measured and/or calculated. In Zone 1, 6 species including T. scleroxylon were calibrated using 30 trees of each. In Zone 2, 45 trees of E. cylindricum, 99 of E. suaveolens and 82 of T. scleroxylon constituted the sample. At the 5% threshold (95% confidence interval), the height-diameter relationship is a linear model. In all species, the height of a tree is predicted by measuring its diameter through linear regression. In Zone 1 regression equation is: H(m) = 28.13 + 19.09 * D(m) for T. scleroxylon;H(m) = 12.35 + 30.38 * D(m) for S. rhinopetala;H(m) = 23.09 + 26.42 * D(m) for E. oblongum; H(m) = 14.86 + 20.92 * D(m) for P. africanum;H(m) = 14.98 + 24.78 * D(m) for T. superba and H(m) = 1.55 + 32.37 * D(m) for M. excelsa. In Zone 2, the relationship is: H(m) = 27.40 + 14.21 * D(m) for T. scleroxylon;H(m) = 7.79 + 20.18 * D(m) for E. cylindricum and H(m) = 20.08 + 9.74 * D(m) for E. suaveolens (probability associated with F < 0.0001). The influence of site parameters (biotic and abiotic) on the height-diameter relationship should be more studied in multilayers forests specifically in the Congo Basin.

摘要： BACKGROUND Acute type A aortic dissection(ATAAD)is a life-threatening disease associated with high morbidity and mortality.AIM To evaluate the diameter of dissected ascending aorta in patients diagnosed with ATAAD and whether the aortic diameter is associated with preoperative adverse events.METHODS A total of 108 patients diagnosed with ATAAD who underwent emergency operation under hypothermic circulatory arrest were enrolled in this study.Demographic characteristics and perioperative data were recorded.In all patients,preoperative chest and abdomen computed tomography(CT)scans were performed.RESULTS Median age of the patients was 61.5(52.5-70.5)years and median body mass index(BMI)was 28.2(25.1-32.6)cm^(2).The number of female patients was 37(25%).Median diameter of the ascending aorta was 5.0(4.5-6)cm and 53.8%of the patients had an aortic diameter5.5 cm,most of the patients with ATAAD had an aortic diameter of less than 5.5 cm.The diameter of the ascending aorta in patients diagnose with ATAAD is not associated with preoperative adverse events.

摘要： BACKGROUND Endoscopic removal with forceps/baskets is favored in treating submandibular stones due to its minimal invasiveness.However,recent studies have found that endoscopic removal failure(ERF)is not unusual,and stones in such cases still need to be removed with other surgical methods.If the risk of ERF can be predicted preoperatively,it could be helpful for surgeons when choosing the appropriate therapy.AIM To develop a predictive nomogram for the risk of ERF when treating submandibular stones based on their preoperative clinical features.METHODS A total of 180 patients with 211 submandibular stones treated from January 2012 to December 2020 were included in the current study.Based on the preoperative clinical features of the stones,independent risk factors for ERF were identified by logistic regression analysis.The stones were then randomly divided into training and testing sets.A nomogram was constructed to predict the risk of ERF using the training set and then validated using both sets.The predictive performance of the nomogram was assessed by calibration curves and the concordance index(Cindex).RESULTS Three independent predictors,location(P=0.040),transverse diameter(P<0.001)and longitudinal diameter(P<0.001)measured on the cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)images of the submandibular stones,were identified and included in the predictive nomogram.Calibration curves of the nomogram showed good agreement between the predicted and observed probabilities in both sets.The C-index in the training set was 0.917(95%CI,0.875-0.959)and that in the testing set was 0.925(95%CI,0.862-0.989).CONCLUSION A nomogram based on the location,transverse and longitudinal diameters on CBCT images of submandibular stones showed satisfactory efficacy in predicting the risk of ERF preoperatively when treating submandibular stones.

摘要： Viscose fiber templates(15 cm×15 cm×1 cm)were put into ZrOCl_(2) solutions of different concentrations(1,2 and 3 mol·L^(-1))and impregnated at different temperatures(20,40 and 60°C)for 20 h.After washing,centrifugation and drying,ZrO_(2) fiber precursors were obtained.ZrO_(2) fibers were prepared by heat treatment of the precursors at different temperatures(600,800,1000 and 1200°C)for 2 h.The effects of the impregnation temperature,the impregnation solution concentration and the heat treatment temperature on the microstructure and the phase composition of the ZrO_(2) fibers were studied.The results show that with the increase of the impregnation temperature from 20°Cto 60°Cand the impregnation solution concentration increase from 1 mol·L^(-1) to 3 mol·L^(-1),the microstructure of fiber cross section changes from flat to cylindrical,and the average fiber diameter increases,indicating that the increase of the impregnation solution concentration and the impregnation temperature is beneficial to increasing the adsorption capacity of Zr4+on viscose fiber templates.After heat treatment,ZrO_(2) fiber mainly exists in the form of monoclinic ZrO_(2).With the increase of the heat treatment temperature,the grains in ZrO_(2) fibers become larger and the crystallinity degree increases,meanwhile the fiber surface undergoes a transition from smooth to small grains and then to cracks.

摘要： This article examines the technological parameters of the device for the separation of fibers suitable for spinning by processing fibrous waste from the technological processes of ginneries. Technological processes in the cotton ginning industry include a complex of physical and mechanical advantages, the successful study of which is possible only with the use of modern achievements in science and technology. Therefore, it is advisable to conduct scientific research based on mathematical modeling. To justify the effective operation of the selected design of the cotton fiber separation device, it is necessary to select its optimal technological parameters. Improving the efficiency of the process of separation of spinning fibers from the composition of fibrous waste depends directly on technological parameters. The application of mathematical methods in the planning and conduct of research allows for determining the individual effects of the interaction of several factors that characterize the combined parameters of the optimization parameters, in contrast to traditional computational methods of research. As a result, it will be possible to obtain a mathematical model of the object understudy in a relatively small number of tests, which will simultaneously serve to obtain optimal solutions.

摘要： 基于局域网协议架构的可信网络接入认证受局域网协议的缺陷限制,如网络扩容受限、缺乏端端安全保护、不可靠UDP传输以及无失败恢复机制等问题,目前仅能在小规模局域网应用.针对局域网可信网络接入认证的缺陷和广域网可信接入认证的应用需求,提出了一种基于Diameter协议基础架构的可信接入认证方法,包括协议流程和网络架构设计,具备广域网部署应用、可信度量特征可细腻度粒化以及端到端安全保护等特征.

摘要： 本文对互联网AAA协议、RADIUS协议原理进行介绍,并对RADIUS协议在宽带网的应用与发展进行了分析.通过RADIUS协议的深入应用,可以实现对大规模宽带网络用户集中式的接入控制、授权计费、运营管理.以此提升对现有互联网网络的管控能力,使得运营商在网络接入管理、网络业务开展、网络运营收益等多方面处于主动地位.

摘要： Micropiles are drilled and grouted piles having diameter between 100 to 250 mm. Due to its small diameter, it is suitable for low headroom and limited work area conditions. It can be installed without noise nuisance, without vibrations to surrounding soils and structures and without disruption to the production operations in industries which makes micropiles suitable for underpinning and seismic retrofitting of structures. It is necessary to therefore understand the behaviour of micropiles under different loading conditions. This work is on vertical and battered micropiles with different length/diameter ratio (L/D) subjected to vertical and lateral loading conditions. Batter angles had a significant influence on both the vertical and lateral load carrying capacity. The ultimate vertical load was found to increase upto a 30°batter. The ultimate lateral load was found to increase significantly with increasing L/D ratios upto an L/D ratio of 30 for vertical and 48 for battered piles, beyond which the increase was found to be not significant. In general, negative battered micropiles offered more lateral resistance than positive battered micropiles. The results of the study indicated that the ultimate load capacity and mode of failure of the micropiles are a function of the angle of batter, direction of batter and the L/D ratio for vertically and laterally loaded micropiles.

摘要： The direct and residual effects of different levels of chicken manure fertilization on the growth and biomass production of B. ruziziensis at the bolting were studied in West Cameroon. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of chicken manure fertilization on the growth and biomass production of Brachiaria ruziziensis at the bolting. A factorial device comparing five doses of nitrogen into chicken manure (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 kg N/ha) on plot of 6 m2 (3 × 2 m) in four replicates, (i.e. a total of 20 experimental plots) was used. Chicken manure was spread one month after planting pieces of stump during the first year. In the second year, no fertilization was brought up. 40 plants were harvested by treatment for heights and diameters measurements. The evaluation of stems biomass, leaves and whole plants was done on each plot based on the level of fertilization. The results obtained showed that chicken manure fertilization had a positive effect on the growth and biomass production of the B. ruziziensis on the direct and residual effect of fertilization. Thus, the height, diameters and biomass of whole plants in the fertilized plots were significantly larger than in the control plots. The mineralization of the organic matter contained in the chicken manure with doses of 100 kg N/ha was done on the direct and residual effect in order to assure a maximal plant growth. The level of T4 fertilization (corresponding to the dose of 100 kg N/ha) gave the best results. Referring to the result obtained, the level of T4 fertilization corresponding to 100 kg N/ha would be suitable for an optimal B. ruziziensis growth in order to avoid providing the soil with mineral fertilizer.

摘要： Background: Childhood cerebral malaria is one of the most frequent complications of malaria, with high morbidity and mortality. Raised Intracranial Pressure (ICP) is currently recognized as a fundamental element of the severity of that disease. This study aims to look into the prognostic role of the sonographic measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in the context of that disease. Methods: This study was conducted in the pediatric and imaging departments of the University Hospital Center of Parakou in Republic of Benin in West Africa. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with a prospective data collection conducted over a period of 6 months, from March 1st to August 31st, 2014. There were two groups of children with severe malaria and conscious impairment: one with unrousable coma or Cerebral Malaria (Group 1) and the other without unrousable coma (Group 2), benefitting from ONSD sonographic measurement. ONSD was measured 3 mm behind the papilla. Correlation between depth of coma, outcome and ONSD measure on ultrasound was investigated. Results: Group 1 consisted of 37 children and Group 2 of 50 children, i.e. a sample of 87 children. The mean age was 27.21 ± 20.11 months and sex ratio (Male/Female) estimated at 0.89. The average ONSD of the sample was 4.39 ± 0.94 mm with a significant difference (p = 0.0001) between Group 1 (5.09 ± 1.09 mm) and Group 2 (3.87 ± 0.17 mm). Raised ICP prevalence was 48.28% with a significant difference between Group 1 (83.78%) and Group 2 (22%) with p Conclusion: Sonographic measurement of ONSD could be a leading prognostic tool in childhood cerebral malaria management.

摘要： 本申请涉及用于在DIAMETER信令路由器处路由DIAMETER消息的方法、系统及装置。根据一个方面，此处所描述的主题包括用于路由Diameter消息的方法。该方法包括在包括多个Diameter消息处理器的Diameter信令路由器(DSR)处发生的步骤。该方法包括接收Diameter请求消息。该方法还包括生成用于标识多个Diameter消息处理器中的第一Diameter消息处理器的逐跳标识符。该方法还包括将逐跳标识符包括到Diameter请求消息中。该方法还包括将Diameter请求消息路由到第一Diameter节点。

摘要： 公开了用于用使用不同机制实现有状态路由的直径路由代理(DRA)执行有状态直径路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质。根据一个方面，用于用使用不同机制实现有状态路由的DRA执行有状态Diameter路由的系统包括一组Diameter信令路由节点。每个节点能够访问用于维持状态信息的至少一个数据库。节点被配置为第一群组的成员，其中第一群组的每个成员被配置为使用第一机制实现与第一群组中的其他成员的有状态路由，并且使用第二机制实现与不是第一群组的成员的节点的有状态路由。第一群组的成员包括由相同的厂家提供的信令节点，并且不在此群组中的成员包括由不同的厂家提供的信令节点。

摘要： 根据一个方面，此处所描述的主题包括用于路由Diameter消息的方法。该方法包括在包括多个Diameter消息处理器的Diameter信令路由器(DSR)处发生的步骤。该方法包括接收Diameter请求消息。该方法还包括生成用于标识多个Diameter消息处理器中的第一Diameter消息处理器的逐跳标识符。该方法还包括将逐跳标识符包括到Diameter请求消息中。该方法还包括将Diameter请求消息路由到第一Diameter节点。

摘要： 根据一个方案，本文描述的主题包括一种用于在具有分布式消息处理器架构的Diameter信令路由器（DSR）内屏蔽Diameter消息的方法。所述方法包含在包括多个Diameter消息处理器的DSR处发生的步骤，每个Diameter消息处理器均被配置为执行至少一种Diameter功能。所述步骤包括在多个Diameter消息处理器中的入口Diameter消息处理器处接收来自Diameter对等节点的Diameter消息。所述步骤还包括在多个Diameter消息处理器中的Diameter应用消息处理器处识别与接收到的Diameter消息相关联的Diameter消息屏蔽规则。所述步骤还包括在多个Diameter消息处理器中的Diameter应用消息处理器处在接收到的Diameter消息上执行与识别出的Diameter消息屏蔽规则相关联的屏蔽功能。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种Diameter链路的建立方法和Diameter网元，根据本发明的Diameter链路的建立方法包括：在第一Diameter节点和第二Diameter节点之间建立第一底层承载链路和第二底层承载链路；第一Diameter节点通过第一底层承载链路或第二底层承载链路向第二Diameter节点发送能力交换请求消息；如果能力交换成功，第一Diameter节点接收来自第二Diameter节点的成功响应。这样，在当前承载Diameter链路的底层承载链路发生异常的情况下，两个Diameter网元之间可以通过第二条底层承载链路进行通信，从而提高了Diameter链路的可靠性。

摘要： 本申请涉及用于在DIAMETER信令路由器处路由DIAMETER消息的方法、系统及装置。根据一个方面，此处所描述的主题包括用于路由Diameter消息的方法。该方法包括在包括多个Diameter消息处理器的Diameter信令路由器(DSR)处发生的步骤。该方法包括接收Diameter请求消息。该方法还包括生成用于标识多个Diameter消息处理器中的第一Diameter消息处理器的逐跳标识符。该方法还包括将逐跳标识符包括到Diameter请求消息中。该方法还包括将Diameter请求消息路由到第一Diameter节点。

摘要： 根据一个方面，此处所描述的主题包括用于路由Diameter消息的方法。该方法包括在包括多个Diameter消息处理器的Diameter信令路由器(DSR)处发生的步骤。该方法包括接收Diameter请求消息。该方法还包括生成用于标识多个Diameter消息处理器中的第一Diameter消息处理器的逐跳标识符。该方法还包括将逐跳标识符包括到Diameter请求消息中。该方法还包括将Diameter请求消息路由到第一Diameter节点。

摘要： 公开了用于用使用不同机制实现有状态路由的直径路由代理(DRA)执行有状态直径路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质。根据一个方面，用于用使用不同机制实现有状态路由的DRA执行有状态Diameter路由的系统包括一组Diameter信令路由节点。每个节点能够访问用于维持状态信息的至少一个数据库。节点被配置为第一群组的成员，其中第一群组的每个成员被配置为使用第一机制实现与第一群组中的其他成员的有状态路由，并且使用第二机制实现与不是第一群组的成员的节点的有状态路由。第一群组的成员包括由相同的厂家提供的信令节点，并且不在此群组中的成员包括由不同的厂家提供的信令节点。

摘要： 根据一个方案，本文描述的主题包括一种用于在具有分布式消息处理器架构的Diameter信令路由器（DSR）内屏蔽Diameter消息的方法。所述方法包含在包括多个Diameter消息处理器的DSR处发生的步骤，每个Diameter消息处理器均被配置为执行至少一种Diameter功能。所述步骤包括在多个Diameter消息处理器中的入口Diameter消息处理器处接收来自Diameter对等节点的Diameter消息。所述步骤还包括在多个Diameter消息处理器中的Diameter应用消息处理器处识别与接收到的Diameter消息相关联的Diameter消息屏蔽规则。所述步骤还包括在多个Diameter消息处理器中的Diameter应用消息处理器处在接收到的Diameter消息上执行与识别出的Diameter消息屏蔽规则相关联的屏蔽功能。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种Diameter链路的建立方法和Diameter网元，根据本发明的Diameter链路的建立方法包括：在第一Diameter节点和第二Diameter节点之间建立第一底层承载链路和第二底层承载链路；第一Diameter节点通过第一底层承载链路或第二底层承载链路向第二Diameter节点发送能力交换请求消息；如果能力交换成功，第一Diameter节点接收来自第二Diameter节点的成功响应。这样，在当前承载Diameter链路的底层承载链路发生异常的情况下，两个Diameter网元之间可以通过第二条底层承载链路进行通信，从而提高了Diameter链路的可靠性。