structure

摘要： Taurine(2-amino-ethanesulfonic acid)is a naturally occurring amino sulfonic acid derived from cysteine and methionine metabolism.Its common name derives from the ox,as it was first isolated from the bile of an ox(Froger et al.,2014).The molecular structure of taurine differs from that of amino acids by the presence of a sulfonic acid,instead of the more common carboxylic acid group in the structure of amino acids.

摘要： Based on the four-times-daily ERA-Interim data with the resolution of 0.75°×0.75°,the structure and evolution characteristics of a transverse shear line(TSL)over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in April 2017 were analyzed,and the influence mechanism of the frontogenesis and frontolysis caused by the upper-level jet on its evolution was also investigated.The results show that the TSL was mainly located near the axis of the positive vorticity zone,which was a low-value area of the wind speed.It was a shallow baroclinic system with weak ascending motion.In the vertical direction,the TSL extended to the lowest height at 00:00 and the highest at 18:00.In the horizontal direction,the length of the TSL in the east-west direction was relatively shorter during 00:00-06:00 and relatively longer during 12:00-18:00.Besides,the position of the TSL was slightly northward at 06:00 and slightly southward at 18:00.The moving direction of the TSL was generally consistent with that of the upper-level jet.In addition,the vertical stretching height of the TSL and the near-surface wind speed were positively correlated with the intensity of the upper-level jet.The calculation by frontogenesis function indicates that the frontogenesis(frontolysis)was conducive to the formation(weakening)and strengthening(dissipation)of the TSL.The horizontal deformation-induced and diabatic heating-induced frontogenesis were favorable for the formation of the TSL,while the middle-level horizontal convergence-induced and diabatic heating-induced frontogenesis were beneficial to its maintenance.Besides,the moving direction and baroclinicity of the TSL over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were determined by the horizontal deformation-induced frontogenesis.In the frontogenesis function,the terms of horizontal deformation and horizontal convergence together determined the position of the TSL,and the diabatic heating term was conducive to the upward extension of the TSL.

摘要： In the presented work,the results are provided of examining the properties of a pore solution during the process of cement paste hardening.Based on the experimental data of W.P.Halperin et al,the evolution of the mass balance of structured physical water is analyzed as a combination of interactions of capillary,gel,and other components.The formation and development have been studied of the pore solution viscosity.The comparison of the reported dependences of the water viscosity on the size of the pores with the experimentally determined values of the pores’radius has allowed estimating the rise of avid the pore solution viscosity in the process of hardening of cement paste.The separation of the structured pore solution’s viscosity into capillary and gel components allows for a quantitative and qualitative consideration of the cement paste hardening as the process of forming a macrocapillary matrix,inside which a microporous structure is formed of the cement gel.

摘要： Based on the recently published whole-genome sequence of cultivated strawberry ’Camarosa’, in this study, 222FaWRKY genes were identified in the ’Camarosa’ genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 222 FaWRKY candidate genes were classified into three groups, of which 41 were in group Ⅰ, 142 were in group Ⅱ, and 39 were in group Ⅲ. The 222 FaWRKY genes were evenly distributed among the seven chromosomes. The exon–intron structures and motifs of the WRKY genes had evolutionary diversity in different cultivated strawberry genomes. Regarding differential expression, the expression of FaWRKY133 was relatively high in leaves, while FaWRKY63 was specifically expressed in roots. FaWRKY207, 59, 46, 182, 156, 58, 39, 62 and 115 were up-regulated during achene development from the green to red fruit transition. FaWRK181, 166 and 211 were highly expressed in receptacles at the ripe fruit stage. One interesting finding was that Fa WRKY179 and 205 were significantly repressed after Colletotrichum fructicola inoculation in both ’Benihoppe’ and ’Sweet Charlie’ compared with Mock. The data reported here provide a foundation for further comparative genomics and analyses of the distinct expression patterns of FaWRKY genes in various tissues and in response to C. fructicola inoculation.

摘要： Pure cotton low-twist single yarn has good softness,bulkiness,and wearing comfort,but its lower strength makes the yarn break easily during the spinning process,which seriously affects the spinning effect and progress.The addition of long-staple cotton helps to increase the average length and uniformity of the raw fiber,thereby improving the breaking load and spinnability of pure cotton low-twist single yarn.In this study,the addition of long-staple cotton,the twist factor,and the twist direction were used as variables to spin 22 kinds of combed 14.6 tex pure cotton low-twist single yarn with spinnability,and the breaking load,the hairiness,and the unevenness of the yarn were tested.The result shows that the spinnability of pure cotton low-twist single yarn is mainly related to the breaking load,and with the increase of the twist factor,the breaking load of low-twist single yarn shows an obvious upward trend.When the proportion of long-staple cotton is 70%,the breaking load of low-twist single yarn is the largest,and the harmful hairiness index and unevenness of the yarn are significantly improved.

摘要： A projected plasma efavirenz concentration profile of a patient who had been on an orally administered 600 mg daily dose of efavirenz is used as the variable that is a directing lead. A four compartmental model of ordinary differential equations is suggested and solved numerically. This model projects descriptors associated with concentration dispersion subject to trace and bounce constraints. The stimulant-action unit is responsible for directing the bounce. A description of the cross-sectional structure of the quantum is suggested. A dynamical system with an attractive (zero eigenvalue) subspace as a structural state is derived. The structure is an intensity-effect measure. The bounce’s Jacobian Matrix has negative eigenvalues which correspond to A-action-stimulation, S-action-intensity and P-effect-stimulation and these leads govern the structure (C). The three paths, action-stimulation, action-intensity and effect-stimulation lead to the structure of an effect-intensity.

摘要： As a non-thermal processing technology,high hydrostatic pressure(HHP)can be used for starch modification without affecting the quality and flavour constituents.The effect of HHP on starch is closely related to the treatment time of HHP.In this paper,we investigated the impacts of HHP treatment time(0,5,10,15,20,25,30 min)on the microstructure,gelatinization and thermal properties as well as in vitro digestibility of oat starch by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,13C NMR and differential scanning calorimeter.Results showed that 5-min HHP treatment led to deformation and decreases in short-range ordered and doublehelix structures of oat starch granules,and further extending the treatment time to 15 min or above caused the formation of a gelatinous connection zone,increase of particle size,disintegration of short-range ordered and double-helix structures,and crystal structure change from A type to V type,indicating gelatinization occurred.Longer treatment time also resulted in the reduction in both the viscosity and the stability of oat starch.These indicated that HHP treatment time greatly influenced the microstructure of oat starch,and the oat starch experienced crystalline destruction(5 min),crystalline disintegration(15 min)and gelatinization(>15 min)during HHP treatment.Results of in vitro digestibility showed that the rapidly digestible starch(RDS)content declined first after treatment for 5 to 10 min then rose with the time extending from 15 to 30 min,indicating that longer pressure treatment time was unfavourable to the health benefits of oat starch for humans with diabetes and cardiovascular disease.Therefore,the 500-MPa treatment time for oat starch is recommended not more than 15 min.This study provides theoretical guidance for the application of HHP technology in starch modification and development of health foods.

摘要： Bone remodeling is a lifelong process that gives rise to a mature, dynamic bone structure via a balance between bone formation by osteoblasts and resorption by osteoclasts. These opposite processes allow the accommodation of bones to dynamic mechanical forces, altering bone mass in response to changing conditions. Mechanical forces are indispensable for bone homeostasis;skeletal formation, resorption, and adaptation are dependent on mechanical signals, and loss of mechanical stimulation can therefore significantly weaken the bone structure, causing disuse osteoporosis and increasing the risk of fracture. The exact mechanisms by which the body senses and transduces mechanical forces to regulate bone remodeling have long been an active area of study among researchers and clinicians. Such research will lead to a deeper understanding of bone disorders and identify new strategies for skeletal rejuvenation. Here, we will discuss the mechanical properties, mechanosensitive cell populations, and mechanotransducive signaling pathways of the skeletal system.

摘要： Graphene has raised a huge wave in 2D materials field,breeding lots of graphene analogs with applications in optical and electrical devices,energy conversion and storage,bio-logy,etc.[1,2].Graphene presents superior carrier mobility,while its zero-bandgap restricts its transistor application.To make up this shortcoming,new 2D materials with certain bandgaps and high carrier mobility are being developed.Two typical materials are transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)and black phosphorus,which exhibit layered structure,layer-dependent band structure and strong quantum con-straints[3−5].As a congener of phosphorus,arsenic can complement the bandgap of existed 2D materials[6−18].

摘要： The composition and structure of substrate materials have important influences on coating performance,especially in terms of bond-ing strength and coating hardness,which determine whether the coating can be used for a given application.In this study,a TiAlN coating is deposited on Ti(C,N)-based cermet(TC)substrates with 0wt%-20wt%WC by arc ion plating.The influence of cermet substrate characterist-ics on the structure and properties of the TiAlN coating is then researched.Results show that the TiAlN coating deposited on the TC substrate has a columnar grain structure.As WC increases,the strength ratio of I(111)/I(200)and adhesive strength of TiAlN gradually increases.In the ab-sence of WC in the substrate,the preferred orientation of the TiAlN coating is(200).As WC increases,the preferred orientation of the TiAlN coating becomes(111)and(200).Notable differences in adhesive strength between the coating and substrate could be attributed to the micro-structure and composition of the latter.Scratching results show that the adhesive strengths of the TiAlN coating on the 0wt%-20wt%WC cer-met substrate are 52-65 N.Among the coatings obtained that on the TC substrate with 15wt%WC presents the highest H/E and H3/E2,which indicates that this coating also features the best wear resistance.The failure mechanisms of the coated tools include coating peeling,adhesive wear,and abrasive wear.As the cutting speed increases,the degree of flank wear increases and the durability of the coating decreases accord-ingly.Increases in WC result in an initial decrease followed by a gradual increase in the flank wear of the coated cermet inserts.

摘要： 本发明公开了一种Log‑structured存储引擎的数据冷备份方法及系统，基于Log‑structured存储引擎具有的append存储特性，构建一套基于文件级重演机制的数据自动同步机制，并以此机制为核心给出一种针对此类型存储引擎的数据冷备解决方案；以期以较小的资源开销，实现Log‑structured存储引擎数据的持续备份，并确保备份数据在任何时间节点上都具备可用性。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种Log‑structured存储引擎的数据冷备份方法及系统，基于Log‑structured存储引擎具有的append存储特性，构建一套基于文件级重演机制的数据自动同步机制，并以此机制为核心给出一种针对此类型存储引擎的数据冷备解决方案；以期以较小的资源开销，实现Log‑structured存储引擎数据的持续备份，并确保备份数据在任何时间节点上都具备可用性。