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激光与红外

激光与红外

北大核心

CSCD

CSTPCD

Laser & Infrared
本刊是中国光学光电子行业协会、电子部激光与红外专业情报网、中国电子学会量子与光电子学分会的联合刊物，报道光电子技术领域的科技进展、新技术成果等。设有综述与评论、激光技术、红外技术、光电器件、光电材料、市场动态和文献信息等栏目。
  • 发文量：5641
  • 被引量：1796
  • H指数：3
  • 开始收录时间：1977(3)
  • CNKI综合因子：0.748
  • 维普期刊影响因子： 0.97
  • 万方期刊影响因子：0.74
  • 创刊时间：1971
  • 国内刊号/CN：11-2436/TN
    国际刊号/ISSN：1001-5078
  • 发行周期：月刊
    邮发代号：2-312
  • 主管单位：中华人民共和国信息产业部
    主办单位：华北光电技术研究所
激光与红外-联系信息
  • 主编：周寿桓
  • 电话：010-84321137 84321138
  • 邮箱：paper@laser-infrared.com；jgyhw@ncrieo.com.cn
  • 地址：北京8511信箱《激光与红外》编辑部
  • 邮编：100015
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  • 摘要：开窗功能是当前面阵红外探测器的一个重要功能，该功能的一个重要特点就是可以大幅度提高探测帧频。本文从理论上论述了高帧频对面阵数字 TDI 探测系统的影响，研究了高帧频数字 TDI 实现方式：（1）高帧频可以增加探测器系统扫描速度的上限；（2）在高帧频 TDI的工作状态下更容易实现速度的匹配；（3）在扫描列数设定较高的情况下，高帧频数字 TDI 可以根据所开窗口像元的实际响应情况来选择 TDI 的起始列和级数，以选择质量较高的 TDI 图像。用国产中波红外探测器搭建了红外成像平台，进行了高帧频数字 TDI 成像实验，验证了高帧频数字 TDI 实现方式的可行性。%Windowing is an important function of infrared focal plane array,and it can greatly improve the frame fre-quency of the detection system.The influence of high frame rate on the digital TDI detection system was theoretically analyzed,then the implementation way of high frame rate digital TDI was studied.The infrared imaging system based on domestic mid -wave infrared detector was established,and the imaging experiments of high frame rate digital TDI were carried out,which verifies the feasibility of high frame rate digital TDI implementation way.
  • 摘要：针对红外辐射在大气传输过程中，水蒸气的吸收衰减，只利用经验公式计算，存在较大的误差；利用 MODTRAN 等专业软件，使用过程复杂且移植和兼容较困难。因此，文中基于实测的大气参数，利用分子单线吸收法计算得到不同温度下的水蒸气吸收系数，拟合各月温度的高度分布解析式；仿真计算了水蒸气的光谱透过率和平均透过率，仿真结果表明，海拔高度、天顶角和传输距离等对水蒸气透过率具有较大影响，本方法计算的水蒸气透过率具有很高的准确度，在工程应用上具有一定的参考价值。%In calculating infrared radiation transmission,it often has large deviations by only using empirical formula.It is complicated to use MODTRAN and difficult to transplant it to other infrared systems.Therefore,by using molecular single absorption method a new calculating method is proposed based on lots of measured atmospheric data,absorption coefficients of water vapor at different temperatures.The analysis formula of temperature vertical distribution was fitted in different months.Spectrum transmittance and average transmittance were simulated and calculated.The results show that height、zenith angle and distance have great influence on the transmittance of water vapor.The transmittance cal-culated by the method is accurate and has referent value in the project application.
  • 摘要：为提高车载光电系统作战性能，对系统跟踪精度的影响因素与误差源进行分析。进而根据误差的产生条件，对其进行分类与合成，推导出系统误差与随机误差的计算公式。并以某一光电系统为例分析计算，最后提出跟踪精度提高与补偿的方法。结果表明，该光电系统的方位系统误差为0．325 mrad，俯仰系统误差为0．283 mrad，随机误差为0．276 mrad，均小于0．5 mrad，满足技术指标要求。%In order to improve the operational performance of vehicle-mounted electro-optical system,the influence fac-tors and error sources of the system tracking accuracy are analyzed.Then according to the producing conditions of the error,the calculation formula of system error and random error are deduced.Taking a certain electro-optical system as an example,a method to improve the tracking accuracy and compensation was proposed through analysis and calcula-tion.The results show that the azimuth system error,the elevation system error and the random error of the system are 0.325 mrad,0.283 mrad and 0.276 mrad respectively,and the results are all less than 0.5 mrad,which meets the re-quirement of technical index.
  • 摘要：1.光电技术特别是激光与红外技术的最新发展、研究动态、科研论文、学术报告、新技术、新成果和应用成果.2.光电技术及产品的开发应用,光电技术创新和在国民经济各部门的推广使用及所取得的效果。
  • 摘要：Super wide-field staring infrared imaging technology has many characteristics such as wide-field,real-time detection and compactness.The technology plays an important role in space detection,video monitoring,atmospheric environment monitoring and early warning of military targets.Firstly,remarkable advantages and research status of su-per wide-field staring infrared imaging technology are introduced.Secondly,relevant key technologies and research ap-proaches are elaborated.The effect and weakness of these approaches in engineering practice are evaluated and ana-lyzed.And some improved methods are proposed to overcome its weakness.Finally,the potential applications of super wide-field staring infrared imaging technology are analyzed.Meanwhile,the enhancement and development direction of this technology are outlooked.%超大视场红外凝视成像技术具有视场大、实时探测、系统体积小等突出优势，广泛应用在空间探测、视频监控、大气环境监测、军事目标预警等重要领域。文章首先主要介绍了大视场红外凝视成像技术的突出优势及研究现状，然后阐述了相关的关键技术及研究方法，并评价和分析了这些方法在实际应用中的效果和不足。针对这些不足，提出了一些改进方法，最后分析了大视场红外凝视成像技术的潜在应用，展望了这项技术的改进和发展方向。
  • 摘要：Aiming at the characteristics of wireless optical communication,a laser digital communication method based on baseband frequency hopping is proposed.The principles of single -fundamental and variable fundamental frequen-cy modulation were analyzed.Frame structure of signals and implementation of ASK encoding and decoding in base-band frequency hopping laser communication were studied.Technical implementation of frequency hopping communi-cation and control based on FPGA was discussed.In addition,the FPGA system was simulated and modulation and transmission experiments of variable fundamental frequency laser communication were carried out.The results show that the security of information transmission can be guaranteed by using variable fundamental frequency ASK modula-tion and encoding,and communication control and character data transmission in the visual range can be realized, which provides a new technical approach for the application of atmospheric laser communication.%针对无线光通信特点，提出一种基于基带跳频的激光数字通信方法，分析单基频调制与可变基频调制原理，研究激光跳频通信信号帧结构与 ASK 编解码方法，探讨利用 FPGA 进行跳频通信及控制的技术实现，并进行 FPGA 系统仿真和可变基频激光调制与传输实验。结果表明，采用可变基频的 ASK 调制编码通信能保证信息传输的安全性，在视距范围内实现了通信控制与字符数据传输，为大气激光通信应用提供一种新的技术途径。
  • 摘要：Aiming at the requirement of high temporal-spatial resolution and real time continuous measurement of o-cean temperature profile,a new measurement system of shipborne towed and all fiber temperature chain is presen-ted.The sensitivity and response time of FBG temperature sensor reach 28.5 pm/℃ and 214.8 ms respectively through special encapsulation and calibration tests of fiber Bragg grating,which meet the test requirements of shallow surface at sea area.200 m temperature towed array was designed and prepared,and the experiments were performed with demodulation equipment and winch system of deck units in parts of yellow sea whose depth is 70 m.The test re-sults of temperature profile show that the temperature sensors are highly consistent with the SBE56(standard sensors produced by the United States Seabirds)and the measurement accuracy is better than 0.1 ℃.This measurement sys-tem has high practical value.%针对海洋温度剖面高时空分辨率、实时连续测量的要求，提出了船载拖曳与全光纤温度链相结合的新型测量系统。通过对光纤光栅的特殊封装和标定测试，FBG 温度传感器的灵敏度和响应时间分别达到28．5 pm ／℃和214．8 ms，满足浅表层海域的测试要求。设计并制备200 m 长的温度拖曳阵，配合甲板单元的解调设备和绞车系统，于黄海部分海域完成水深70 m的拖曳试验。分析温度剖面测试结果，温度传感器与 SBE56（标准传感器，美国海鸟生产）具有高度一致性，同时测量精度优于0．1℃，具有较高的实用价值。
  • 摘要：光电成像系统作为现代战争中人类的“眼睛”而被广泛地应用于目标侦查、火控观瞄、精确制导等领域。另一方面，光电成像系统很容易受到激光的干扰，如何进行定量、准确和客观地评估激光干扰光电成像系统的效果是干扰技术研究的一个重要环节。同时，利用所研究的激光干扰效果评估方法建立相应的仿真评估系统对于缩短干扰装备研制和鉴定的周期，降低研发的成本具有十分重要的意义。对国内外研究进展情况进行了综述，总结并展望了该领域未来的研究方向。%Photoelectronic imaging system is regarded as the eyes of human being in the modern warfare,so it has been widely used in the military fields of target detection,fire control and precision guidance,et al.But photoeletronic ima-ging system is easy to be jammed by laser,thus the precise and quantitative evaluation of interference effect is a signif-icant procedure for the research of interference techniques.A comprehensive simulation evaluation system can be es-tablished by utilizing the corresponding evaluation methods,which can shorten the lead time of interference equip-ments and reduce the development cost.The evaluation methods of laser interference effect at home and abroad are summarized,and the future research directions are discussed and outlooked.
  • 摘要：In order to solve the problems of microcracks in high pulse energy femtosecond laser drilling,a trepanning method with femtosecond laser was proposed.The femtosecond laser with pulse width of 120 fs was used to trepan 304 stainless steel with 0.5 mm thickness.The effect of defocusing amount and relative deflection angle of double wedge on the micro-hole diameter and the effect of defocusing amount on the micro-hole conicity are studied by the experi-ments.The results show that the diameters of micro-holes increases with the increasing of the defocusing amount,but the conicity first decreases and then increases.When the defocusing amount is zero,the minimum conicity is 3.5° .Micro-hole diameter increases with relative deflection angle increase of double wedge.Nanometer periodic stripes are found on the sidewalls of micro-holes trepanned by femtosecond laser,while there are microcracks on the sidewalls of micro-holes through percussion drilling.%为了解决飞秒激光高脉冲能量冲击打孔中时存在微裂纹等问题，提出了飞秒激光旋切加工方法。本文利用脉宽为120 fs 的飞秒激光，选择0．5 mm 厚度的304不锈钢进行旋切打孔实验。实验研究了激光旋切加工中离焦量和光楔的相对偏转角对孔直径的影响，以及激光离焦量对微孔锥度的影响。结果表明，随着离焦量的增大，孔径增大，同时锥度会减小后增加，当离焦量为0时，锥度最小为3．5°；微孔直径随之双光楔相对转角的增大而增大。此外实验发现冲击打孔孔壁出现微裂纹而旋切微孔的孔壁出现了纳米周期性条纹。
  • 摘要：As the data of the original infrared image are easy to lose or weaken in compression transformation process, a kind of infrared image enhancement algorithm based on CLAHE(contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization)is proposed.Firstly,the pixel gray of original infrared image with 14 bit is adjusted,and then the based image is obtained by CLAHE algorithm.Secondly,image details are obtained through the difference of original image and the image after bilateral filtering,and the noise of detail image is filtered by Gaussian filter algorithm.Finally the output image is ob-tained.Simulation results show that the contrast of the original image and the edge detail information can be greatly en-hanced by using this algorithm.Image enhancement effect of the algorithm is better than that of the PE algorithm and CLAHE algorithm.%针对原始红外图像信息在压缩转换中数据信息丢失或弱化的问题，提出一种基于CLAHE（对比度受限自适应直方图均衡）的红外图像增强算法。该算法首先对14位原始红外图像的像素灰度级进行调整，然后通过 CLAHE 算法获得基图像，再通过原始图像与双边滤波后图像的差值获得细节图像，进一步通过高斯滤波算法滤除细节图像的噪声，最后合成得到输出图像。仿真结果显示：通过该算法，原始图像的对比度及边缘细节信息得到很大程度的增强。本文算法的图像增强效果优于 PE 算法和 CLAHE 算法。
  • 摘要：Based on the analysis of the basic characteristics of fiber Bragg grating external cavity semiconductor laser (FBG -ECL),the frequency tuning methods for this type of lasers are investigated,including temperature tuning method and stress tuning method.The center wavelength of fiber Bragg grating is changed by the axial stress tuning method to realize the frequency tuning.The piezoelectric ceramic(PZT)was used to exert an axial stress on the grat-ing,and the amount of change in the center wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating was controlled by adjusting PZT drive voltage.The experimental results show that,for the FBG -ECL with wavelength 1550 nm,when the PZT drive voltage adds up to 126 V,tuning range can reach 100 GHz and tuning speed can reach 2 ms per cycle.%在分析了光纤光栅外腔半导体激光器（FBG －ECL）基本特性的基础上，调研了适用于该类型激光器的频率调谐方法，包括温度调谐法和应力调谐法，选取轴向应力调谐法改变光纤光栅的布拉格中心波长，进而实现频率调谐。利用压电陶瓷（PZT）来对光纤光栅施加轴向应力，通过调整 PZT 驱动电压值的大小来控制光纤光栅布拉格中心波长的变化量。实验结果表明，对于波长1550 nm 的光纤光栅激光器，当 PZT 的驱动电压增加到126 V 时，可实现0．8 nm，即100 GHz 的调谐范围以及每周期2 ms 的调谐速度。
  • 摘要：According to the laser three-level rate equation theory and spatial distribution of pump diode focusing,theo-retical model of three-dimensional DPAL rate equations is established.The model was solved by numerical method with the boundary conditions of the laser system.The output characteristics of end pumped rubidium vapor laser were analyzed in detail.Meanwhile,the influence of some parameters on efficiency of mode matching,threshold pump power and the slope efficiency were analyzed,including focusing spot radius of pumping light,focusing position and gain cell length,etc.The influence of the medium length on the laser output and the threshold value was calculated at the best mode matching.In order to obtain the maximum laser output power,the optimization parameters of the laser system were given,including the medium length,the focusing position of the pump and the output coupling reflectivity.%根据激光三能级速率方程理论，考虑抽运光聚焦的空间分布，建立三维 DPAL 速率方程组的理论模型，结合激光系统运行的边界条件，通过数值方法，对模型进行求解，对端面抽运铷蒸气激光器的输出特性进行了详细分析，包括抽运光聚焦光斑半径、聚焦位置、蒸气池长度等参量对模式匹配效率、阈值抽运功率和斜率效率的影响。在模式匹配最佳时，计算了对介质长度对激光输出和阈值的影响。根据抽运光功率，以获得最大激光输出功率为目标，给出了激光器系统的优化参数，包括介质长度、抽运光聚焦在介质中的聚焦位置、输出耦合反射率。
  • 摘要：针对钛合金薄构件激光冲击强化过程中由于在叶背部分冲击波反射与耦合降低残余压应力的问题，提出采用微激光冲击强化（μLSP）的方法对 TC17钛合金进行强化，利用高周疲劳实验验证其改善效果，从残余应力和疲劳断口形貌观察两个方面讨论分析疲劳性能改善的原因。实验结果表明：与未处理试件相比，微激光冲击强化试件疲劳强度提高了32％。微激光冲击在钛合金试件表层诱导产生一定数值，深度为100μm 厚的残余压应力层；在残余压应力的作用下，疲劳裂纹源内移，同时在其疲劳断口扩展区中有疲劳条带和二次裂纹，这是微激光冲击后 TC17钛合金试件疲劳性能改善的主要原因。%As the reflection and coupling of shock wave at the back of specimens reduces residual compressive stress on the surface of titanium alloy thin components,the TC17 Titanium Alloy was processed by the micro-scale laser shock processing(μLSP),and the improvement effect was verified through the high cycle fatigue tests.The improve-ment reasons of high cycle fatigue performance were analyzed from residual stress distribution and fatigue fracture mor-phology.The results show that,compared with untreated specimens,the fatigue strength of the specimens treated byμLSP is improved by 32%.Residual compressive stress layer with 100 μm thick and certain values was induced on the surface of the TC17 titanium alloy specimens by μLSP.Under the influence of the residual compressive stress,the crack sources move inward.Simultaneously,there are some fatigue strips and quadric cracks in the propagation zone of the fatigue fractures,and these are the main reasons of the high cycle fatigue performance improvement.
  • 摘要：In order to analyze bit error rate(BER)characteristics of OOK modulation in modulating retro-reflector la-ser communication system,a modulating retro-reflector laser communication link is established by Optisystem simula-tion software based on the analysis of echo power model and BER performance.The communication speeds of 100 Mb-ps and 1 Gbps under the different communication distances and visibilities were simulated by using NRZ,and then BER under different conditions was calculated according to the obtained SNR.Finally,the retro-reflector communica-tion distances under different conditions were gained by combining with the characteristics of eye pattern.The results show that the BER decreases with the increase of atmospheric visibility,and increases with the increase of communica-tion distance.Under the condition of 10 km atmospheric visibility,the modulating retro-reflector system can realize the communication rate of 100 Mbps and communication distance of 2 km.%为了分析逆向调制激光通信系统中 OOK 调制方式下的误码率特性，在分析回波功率模型和误码率性能的基础上，利用 Optisystem 仿真软件建立了逆向调制激光通信链路。链路采用 NRZ 码对不同通信距离、不同能见度下的100 Mbps 和1 Gbps 通信速率进行了仿真，根据所得信噪比值计算出不同条件下的误码率，并结合“眼图”特征得出不同条件下可实现的逆向通信距离。结果表明，误码率随着大气能见度的增大而减小，随着通信距离增大而增加。在大气能见度为10 km 的条件下，系统可以实现通信速率为100 Mbps、距离为2 km 的逆向通信。
  • 摘要：针对某型装备测试仿真用中波红外目标模拟器，研制配套透过率高、空间均匀性好、结构紧凑的高性能红外光学系统，以满足模拟器总体设计指标和具体使用需求。根据DMD核心器件红外光调制工作原理，采用了基于TIR（全内反射）棱镜的中继光学子系统，从DMD转动夹角的限制出发，利用光学全反射定理，采用最小的角度空间设计，用一对光学棱镜使照明系统入射的光线与DMD反射的光线分开，在折衍混合式红外成像光学子系统设计匹配下，该光路系统相比反射式光路镜组结构紧凑，相比透射式棱镜方式能量透过率高。在经过光路设计仿真验证的基础上，开展了光学机械设计和研制加工及测试，最终红外光学镜组成功应用到红外目标模拟器研制中，满足了模拟器总体指标体系要求和使用需求，取得了良好效果。%To improve the performance of infrared dynamic scene target simulator,an infrared optical system based on TIR prism was developed. According to the principle of infrared target simulator based on DMD,relay optical subsys-tem based on TIR is used. Because of the limit of DMD rotation angle,a pair of optical prisms is used to separate inci-dent light of illuminating system and reflected light of DMD according to total reflection theory and smallest angle space design. Due to the match of refractive-diffractive hybrid infrared imaging optical subsystem,optical system has the characteristics of compact structure and high transmittance. Through optical design simulation,the feasibility of op-tical system was verified. This infrared optical system has been applied to infrared target simulator successfully,and it meets the requirement of infrared target simulator.
  • 摘要：为了解决实际应用中激光实时图像的可匹配性预判的问题，通过优化的主成分分析法对常用的6个激光图像评价参数进行了筛选，最终得了到能够很好评价图像质量的四个关键参数，并应用这四个参数建立了激光强度图像可匹配性评价模型。从验证的结果看，该评价模型的评价结果与激光图像的匹配率具有很好的一致性，这说明了该模型在实际应用中对激光图像的可匹配性的预估具有一定的参考价值。%In order to solve matchability evaluation of laser real-time image in practical application,six common evalu-ation parameters of laser image were screened by the optimized principal component analysis,finally four key parame-ters that can well evaluate image quality were obtained. A matchability evaluation model of laser image was established through four parameters. The experimental results show that the results of the evaluation model have a good consistency with matching ratio of laser image,which indicate that this model has reference value for matchability evaluation of la-ser image in the practical application.
  • 摘要：提出了一种基于小波变换与改进Top－Hat滤波的有效地红外小目标检测算法。该方法首先对红外图像进行单层小波分解，分别得到近似、水平、垂直和对角四个分量；接着，对近似分量进行改进Top－Hat滤波，并将滤波结果与原近似分量进行差分，得到差分图像，将其再与水平分量进行融合形成新的近似和水平分量。同时将垂直和对角分量的小波系数置零，进行小波重构。最后，为了进一步凸显红外小目标，采用了基于直方图的灰度变换方法对重构图像进行增强。实验结果证明本文所提出的算法能准确地检测出红外小目标，且鲁棒性较好。%An infrared small target detection algorithm based on wavelet transform and improved Top-Hat filter is pro-posed.Firstly,the images were decomposed by the single level wavelet transform to obtain four sub-band wavelet coef-ficients represented as approximate,horizontal,vertical and diagonal respectively.And then the approximate sub-band was filtered by the improved Top-Hat method,and the difference image was obtained through the difference of filtering results and original approximate sub-band.The filtered approximate sub-band was fused with the horizontal sub-band to obtain new approximate sub-band and horizontal sub-band.The coefficients of vertical sub-band and diagonal sub-band were set to zeros simultaneously.Afterwards,the wavelet transform was reconstructed.To make the targets more prominent,the reconstructed image was enhanced by the grey transformation based on histogram.The experimental re-sults indicate that this method can accurately detect the infrared small target and has good robustness.
  • 摘要：Digital coherent optical receiver has a wide application prospect in the next generation satellite to ground la-ser communication. Taking the narrow line width DFB laser as local oscillator,combined with 90°optical mixing and automatic frequency control(AFC)loop,a coherent light communication of 1. 25 Gbps is realized. The experimental results indicate that the AFC loop can make the frequency difference between signal light and local light keep within 10 Hz,and the phase difference between I branch and Q branch will keep 90°strictly for a long time. The carrier phase compensation technique based on the FPGA can effectively correct the phase residual errors of AFC loop. The sensitivity of the receiver is superior to 54 photons per bit at error rate of 1 ×10 -6 bit.%光学数字相干接收技术在星地激光通信中具有广泛的应用前景。本文以窄线宽DFB激光器作为光源，采用自动频率控制环路，结合光学混频和数字信号处理技术，实现了最高速率为1.25 Gbps的相干光通信。实验结果表明，自动频率控制环路能够将信号光和本振光之间的频率差实时控制在10 Hz以内，光学混频器输出的I、Q两路信号相位差能够长时间稳定保持90°，基于FPGA的载波相位补偿技术能够有效修正自动频率控制环路的相位残差，在误码率为10－6条件下，该接收机的灵敏度优于每比特54个光子。
  • 摘要：针对0603型片式电阻在不同位置的阻值变化率不同，提出了基于自适应测量步长的激光调阻控制策略。这种调阻控制策略可根据当前阻值与目标值的偏差百分比自适应选择测量步长。经过实验分析，与固定测量步长的控制策略相比，这种控制策略不仅能够保证激光修调精度也能提高激光修调效率。为了使这种控制策略能够广泛应用于不同电阻型号的激光修调，介绍了自适应测量步长控制策略的建模过程，在不了解刻蚀路径对阻值变化率的影响时可建模之后再应用这种控制策略。%As type 0603 chip resistance has the different resistance change rates in different locations,a laser trimming control strategy based on self-adaptive measuring length is presented. The laser trimming control strategy can choose measuring step adaptively by the percentage difference between resistance value and target values. Through experimen-tal analysis,it can both improve the precision and the efficiency by comparing with the control strategy based on fixed measuring step. In order to be widely used in laser trimming of other type resistance,the modeling method of the con-trol strategy was introduced. The strategy can be used after modeling when there is no clear relationship between cut-ting paths and resistance change rates.
  • 摘要：The 1064 nm fundamental-wave (FW)and the 532 nm second-harmonic-wave (SHW)of Nd ∶YAG laser have been widely applied in many fields. In some military applications requiring interference in both visible and near-infrared spectrum range,the de-identification interference technology based on the dual-wavelength composite outputs of FW and SHW will contribute to make the device or equipment compact and low-cost. Aiming at dual-wavelength composite output technology of solid-state laser,a resonant cavity with two LD pumped Nd ∶YAG,two acousto-optic Q-switched and KTP cavity frequency doubling was proposed to achieve composite laser with high power and high repeti-tion frequency. Based on steady state equation,dual-wavelength composite output model of the solid-state laser was es-tablished,and the effect of the resonant cavity parameters on characteristics and output ratio of composite laser was studied. The optimal length of frequency doubling crystal and the transmissivity of best fundamental frequency were obtained. The effectiveness of cavity parameter optimization was verified.%Nd ∶YAG激光器输出的基频1064 nm激光和倍频532 nm激光在众多领域有着广泛的应用。在某些需要同时干扰可见光和近红外光电设备的军事领域，基于1064 nm和532 nm激光双波长复合输出的去识别干扰技术将有利于设备的小型化。针对固态激光双波长复合输出技术，提出了半导体泵浦双Nd ∶YAG晶体，双声光调Q和KTP内腔倍频的激光谐振腔配置方案，以实现复合激光高功率高重频稳定输出；利用稳态方程理论，建立了固态激光双波长复合输出模型，研究了谐振腔参数对复合激光输出配比和特性的影响，获得了倍频晶体最佳长度和腔镜最佳基频光透射率，论证了谐振腔参数调节优化复合激光输出的有效性。
  • 摘要：为了满足海洋水色宽覆盖与高灵敏度探测的遥感需求，正在研制一台宽视场推扫式成像光谱仪原理样机，针对该仪器存在的杂散光现象展开了研究。由于推扫式成像光谱仪穿轨和沿轨方向上视场存在巨大差异，这导致穿轨方向上的杂散光远大于沿轨方向，并明显地表现在图像中。为了避免杂散光影响海洋水色的定量化反演，建立了杂散光模型，并以此为基础提出了杂散光校正的方法，同时给出了校正效果的定量化表征。结果表明，该方法可以利用实验数据有效地消除成像光谱仪视场内杂散光的影响。%In order to satisfy the needs of ocean color wide coverage and high sensitive detection,the large field push-broom imaging spectrometer is developed,and its stray light is studied. Due to the great differences of field of view at across orbit and along orbit direction in push-broom imaging spectrometer,stray lights at across orbit direction are more than those at along orbit direction,which leads to significant differences in images. In order to reduce the effect of stray light on ocean color quantitative inversion,a stray light model is set up,and a correction method of stray light is proposed. The quantitative characterization of the correction is given. Experiment results show that this method can effectively reduce the impact of stray light.
  • 摘要：基于压缩感知的鬼成像由于采样次数少，在近些年取得重大的发展。利用数字微反射镜器件（DMD）预置光场实现单臂成像，大大推进鬼成像向实际应用发展，但也存在不少问题，比如传播过程中的光场分布变化。为了解决这个问题，首先分析光场的传播过程，透镜尺寸的限制使得光场衍射影响较大，光斑的叠加导致实际光场变得模糊偏离了预置值。计算衍射受限系统的光强度扩散函数，修正预置光场，修正光场作为观测矩阵仍然满足准确重构的互相干性条件。实验结果表明，修正的光场较好地模拟实际光场，其构成的观测矩阵用于成像，重建图像的质量更高。同样，在实际应用领域，利用光强扩散函数修正预置光场意义重大。%Compressive sensing ghost imaging has made great progress in recent years because it has the characteristics of less number of samples. Aiming at optical field distribution change in ghost imaging,the propagation process of light field was analyzed. The size of the lens makes the diffraction effect more obvious. The facula superposition makes actu-al light field become fuzzy and deviate from the preset value. The light intensity spread function of the diffraction limit-ed system was calculated and the preset light field was revised. However,the revised light field acting as observation matrix can still be reconstructed under the condition of mutual coherence. Experimental results indicate that the re-vised light field is similar to actual light field and observation matrix can reconstruct high-grade picture. So it is sig-nificant to revise preset light field by using light intensity spread function.
  • 摘要：提出了一种大型锻件在线视觉测量图像匹配方法。本方法建立在外极线约束的基础上，根据锻件现场测量视场大实效性要求高的特点，利用双向极线的距离的方法，建立了基于极线约束的匹配判断条件。在实验室和锻造现场的实验证明本匹配方法精度高，耗时少，符合大型高温锻件在线视觉测量的要求。%An image matching method for online vision measurement of large forgings is presented. The method is based on the epipolar line constraint. According to the characteristics of the wide field and the high efficiency require-ments in forging field measurement,a matching criterion is established by using the distance between the two direction polar lines. The experimental results in the laboratory and the forging field prove that this matching method is of high accuracy and less time consuming,which can meet the requirements of the online vision measurement for large high temperature forgings.
  • 摘要：In order to improve the efficiency of maritime search and rescue under complex sea-sky background,a small target detection algorithm in infrared video is proposed. Firstly the video was preprocessed by morphological filtering, and the effects of sea-sky line were removed under dynamic background by Hough transform with timestamp,then mo-nitoring regions of sea surface were updated. Secondly,the small targets were segmented by three-frame difference,and connected components were computed and labeled by the improved equivalence pair algorithm. Finally,the trajectory of small target was iterated by gradient descent method to predict the location of the drowning person. The results show that the algorithm can effectively remove the sea-sky background to update moving background real-time and detect moving targets accurately,and it can also label in real-time and fit the curve equation. In a certain time,this method can predict the position of small target so as to rescue the drowning person in time.%在复杂海天背景下机载红外相机对落水人员的搜救中，提出一种针对红外视频中小目标检测高效算法，本算法首先采用形态学滤波对视频预处理，在相对运动背景下采用时间戳的Hough变换去除海天线的影响，更新海面监控区域；其次使用三帧差分分割小目标，采用改进的等价对算法快速计算分割小目标连通区域并标记。最后利用梯度下降法迭代出小目标运动轨迹，预测落水人员位置。实验表明，该算法不仅能有效地去除海天背景达到实时更新运动背景的目的，而且能够高效地检测出运动目标并标记并拟合出曲线方程，在一定时间内可预测小目标出现位置以便及时搜救落水人员。
  • 摘要：一、稿件内容1．光电技术特别是激光与红外技术的最新发展、研究动态、科研论文、学术报告、新技术、新成果和应用成果。2．光电技术及产品的开发应用，光电技术创新和在国民经济各部门的推广使用及所取得的效果。
  • 摘要：在现代战场上，军用无人机（UAV）日益成为空中作战的主力航空武器装备，实现多波段隐身是提高其战场生存能力的重要途径。军用UAV的光辐射特征是其典型的可探测特征，掌握这些光辐射特征并对其进行相应的控制，是实现UAV光电隐身的关键。本文在概述军用UAV的战场应用以及面临的威胁的基础上，重点分析和综述当前军用UAV光辐射特征方面的研究现状，在借鉴有人驾驶飞机与导弹光辐射特征研究的基础上，归纳了军用UAV光辐射特征的研究方法，并展望了其发展趋势。%Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)is increasingly becoming the main aviation weapon in modern air fight. It is an important way to improve the survival ability of the UVA in the battlefield by realizing multiband stealth. The op-tical radiation characteristics of UAV are the typical detectable characteristics. The grasp and control of these optical characteristics are the key to realize the photoelectric stealth. Firstly,the application and faced threat of military UAV were summarized. And then,the research status on the optical radiation characteristics of UAV was analyzed and re-viewed. Finally,based on the study of optical radiation characteristics of the plane and missile,the study methods of the optical radiation characteristics of military UAV were summarized,and its development trend was pointed out.
  • 摘要：基于水下距离选通激光成像技术，利用选通成像中回波强度相变化特性中包含的距离信息，提出了一种针对水下目标的三维成像方法。结合实验室现有的水下距离选通激光成像系统，对15 m处的水下目标进行了三维成像。这一方法有效抑制了水下成像系统中存在的目标表面材质、水体衰减以及目标各点法线方向与入射激光脉冲方向夹角不同等因素对于三维成像造成的不良影响，同时仅需要从单一方向对目标进行成像，减少了所需图像采集的次数，简化了三维重构的过程。%According to the distance information in phase change characteristics of laser echo intensity in range-gated imaging system,a three dimensional imaging method for underwater target was presented. Combined with underwater range-gated laser imaging system in the laboratory,3-D images of the underwater target with a 15m distance was a-chieved. This method can effectively restrain some adverse impacts that caused by target surface materials,water atten-uation,the angle between the direction of incident laser pulse and the normal direction of target surface. This method doesn′t need to change the direction of observation,reduces the collection times of required image,and simplifies the 3-D imaging process.
  • 摘要：The laser damage of LSS-target (the low altitude,slow speed small target)ATP tracking-pointing error will lead to the spot jitter. To solve this problem,Gauss distribution equivalent model of laser slant irradiation LSS-target was built. Through the simulation,the curve of pointing error angle,target zenith angle and target height was obtained under specific atmospheric visibility conditions,and spot morphology and power density of target surface were gotten under different initial zenith angle conditions. The effect of irradiation zenith angles and target flight height on target surface normalized power density was analyzed. The requirement of typical LSS-target made of nylon material for ATP system tracking-pointing error was obtained in laser defense,which provides a reference for parameter setting and self-adaptation system improvement in laser defense of LSS-target.%针对激光毁伤低慢小目标ATP系统跟瞄误差造成的光斑抖动问题，建立激光斜程辐照低慢小目标的高斯分布等效光斑模型。通过仿真，得到特定大气能见度条件下瞄准误差角度、目标天顶角和目标高度的关系曲线，及不同初始天顶角条件下到达目标表面光斑形态及功率密度，并分析辐照天顶角及目标飞行高度对目标表面归一化功率密度的影响，得到了典型低慢小目标尼龙材料激光防御过程中对ATP系统跟瞄误差的要求，为激光防御低慢小目标各项参数设定及自适应系统的完善提供了依据。
  • 摘要：In order to analyze the influence of experiment conditions on the imaging of the microbubbles across the su-percavitation layer,the microbubbles with micron diameter across a simulated supercavitation layer are detected and imaged in different experimental conditions,and the obtained images are processed. Through comparing theoretical val-ue and calculated value of bubble population density,the imaging effect is judged. The result shows,when the detec-tion angle is 90°,the images of the bubbles is clearest. The bubbles with smaller diameter have the higher sensitivity towards current. The clear imaging number of bubbles is more with the increase of the current,but become saturated when the current reaches a certain degree. After adding disturbance,it is found that the influence of disturbance on the identifiable bubble number is more obviously when bubble density is bigger.%为了分析实验条件的改变对透过超空泡层的微小气泡成像的影响，以选择最优的成像条件，本文在不同的实验条件下透过模拟超空泡层对直径为微米量级的微小气泡进行探测成像，并将结果图像进行处理，计算气泡群密度数与理论值进行比对判断成像效果。实验结果表明在探测角度为90°时成像最为清晰，直径越小的气泡对电流的敏感程度越高，随着电流增大能清晰成像的气泡数越多，但在一定程度达到饱和。在一定程度的界面扰动下，气泡数密度越大，可识别的气泡个数受扰动影响越为明显。
  • 摘要：基于碰撞离化理论研究了异质材料超晶格结构对载流子离化率的作用，设计得到In0.53 Ga0.47 As／In0.52 Al0.48 As超晶格结构的雪崩光电二极管。通过分析不同结构参数对器件性能的影响，得到了低隧道电流、高倍增因子的超晶格结构雪崩层，根据电场分布方程模拟了器件二维电场分布对电荷层厚度及掺杂的依赖关系，并优化了吸收层的结构参数。对优化得到的器件结构进行仿真并实际制作了探测器件，进行光电特性测试，与同结构普通雪崩光电二极管相比，超晶格雪崩光电二极管具有更强的光电流响应，在12.5～20 V的雪崩倍增区，超晶格雪崩光电二极管在具备高倍增因子的同时具有较低的暗电流，提高了器件的信噪比。%The effect of the heterogeneous material superlattice structure on carrier ionization rate was studied based on the collision ionization theory,and then the avalanche photodiode with In0. 53 Ga0. 47 As/In0. 52 Al0. 48 As superlattice was designed. Through analyzing the influence of different structural parameters on the device performance,the superlattice avalanche layer with low tunnel current and high multiplication factor was obtained. The relationship between two di-mensional electric field distribution and charge layer thickness or doping was studied based on the electric field distri-bution equation,and the structural parameters of the absorption layer were optimized. Compared with ordinary ava-lanche photodiode,the optimized superlattice avalanche photodiode has stronger photocurrent response,and superlat-tice avalanche photodiode has high multiplication factor and low dark current in the avalanche multiplication area of 12. 5 ~20 V,which greatly enhance the signal to noise ratio of the device.

    激光与红外的期刊信息

    • 曾用名：
    • 创刊时间：1971
    • 地区：CN
    • 语言：中文
    • 热门主题：华北光电技术研究所
    • 学科分类： 无线电电子学、电信技术;

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    • • 北大核心期刊（1992版）
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    • • 北大核心期刊（2000版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（2004版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（2008版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（2011版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（2014版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（2017版）
    • • 化学文摘（网络版）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2011-2012）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2013-2014）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2015-2016）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2017-2018）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2019-2020）
    • • 日本科学技术振兴机构数据库
    • • 文摘与引文数据库
    • • 中国科技核心期刊

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