水热法制备花状和菜花状氧化锌

摘要

The flower-like and cauliflower-like ZnO nanorod clusters have been prepared via simple hydrothermal method at 180℃ for 24 hrs by using zinc salts and hydrazine hydrate (N2H4·H2O).The microstructures of the as-synthesized sample have been studied by means of X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,field-emission scanning electron microscope and high-resolution transmission electron microscopes.The results show that the as-synthesized ZnO crystals are flower-like,cauliflower-like and composed of one-dimensional nanorods with hexagonal wurtzite structure.It is also shown that the nanorod constituents grow preferentially along the [0001] direction.A growth mechanism of the flower-like and cauliflower-like ZnO clusters and the importance of N2H4 are suggested and explained in detail.%以Zn(NO3)2·6H2O和N2H4·H2O为原料,采用水热法在180℃下保温24 h,制备了花状和菜花状的氧化锌(ZnO)纳米棒束.用XRD、SEM、FE-SEM及HR-TEM对样品进行了表征.XRD结果表明所制样品为六方纤维锌矿结构的ZnO晶体;SEM及FE-SEM测试结果显示ZnO晶体的形貌呈花状和菜花状,且由直径约100 nm的纳米棒组成;HR-TEM结果表明单晶纳米棒沿[0001]方向生长最快.结合测试结果,分析、讨论了花状和菜花状ZnO纳米棒束的生长机理及N2H4·H2O在ZnO生长过程中的作用.