现代德语互动性口语构式研究：以“schauen wir mal”为例

摘要

Constructions in oral communication are characterized by interactive,linear and emergent syntax.Corpus-based research shows that the construction [SEHEN+(Pron.Nom.)+(Part.)](“schauen wir mal”)in modern German has different organizational functions:focus shifting,turn maitaining,pre-closing and pragmatic functions:delegating responsibility,passive delaying,active intervening.The construction acts as the mental frame for communicators to produce and understand utterances during the conversation;and it is influenced by the emergent sequential context while its pragmatic meanings are realized through interactions between communicators.%口语交际中的构式具有互动、线性、渐显句法的特征。基于自然语料的研究显示，现代德语中以“schauen wir mal”为代表的[SEHEN ＋（Pron．Nom．）＋（Part．）]构式在会话中根据其句法位置和变体形式，具有转移焦点、维系谈话、结束前置的会话组织功能和转移责任、被动观望、主动干预的人际互动功能。交际者将构式作为生产和理解话语的参考框架，口语构式的形式和功能受动态序列语境的制约，其语用意义是在互动中由交际双方共同赋予的。