微波辐射辅助木瓜蛋白酶水解大豆蛋白的研究

摘要

【Objective】 Aiming at the long time needed for the conventional enzyme-hydrolysis reaction,protease-hydrolysis reaction assisted by the microwave radiation has been investigated to provide novel technical support for the enzyme hydrolysis in higher rate in industrial scale.【Method】 Based on the optimizing technology parameters of soy protein hydrolysis by papayin,two methods of soy protein hydrolysis by papayin were conducted respectively.One was under the condition of microwave radiation at 480 W（microwave power density 4 W/g）,and the other under normal condition.The novel lab,microwave radiation-papayin catalytic reactor,were designed by ourselves.The enzyme hydrolysis concentration was determined by the method of formaldehyde titration,and content of amino nitrogen was compared for the two methods of soy protein hydrolysis.The method of the high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was used to analyze the composition of the amino acids in hydrolysate.【Result】 The result showed that it took 1 h for the content of amino nitrogen to generate by enzyme hydrolysis under microwave radiation at 480 W to reach 0.568 7 g/L,while it took 5 h to reach 0.535 5 g/L without microwave radiation.By liquid chromatography analysis,the contents of each free amino acid and the total amino acids were almost the same for two hydrolysis conditions.【Conclusion】 It was concluded that microwave radiation can accelerate the enzyme hydrolysis rate greatly.%【目的】针对常规酶解反应所需时间较长,研究了微波辐射对蛋白酶水解蛋白质的影响,为蛋白的工业化快速酶解提供技术支持。【方法】根据木瓜蛋白酶水解大豆蛋白的最佳工艺条件,用自行设计的微波辐射-蛋白酶催化反应器,在不加微波和480W微波功率条件下（微波功率密度为4W/g）,采用木瓜蛋白酶水解大豆蛋白,用甲醛滴定法测试水解液中氨基酸含量,比较2种条件下的水解效果,并用高效液相色谱法分析了2种条件下水解液中氨基酸的组成。【结果】不加微波条件下氨基氮含量达到0.535 5g/L需要水解5h,而在480 W微波辐射下水解1h,氨基氮含量就达到了0.568 7g/L,反应速率提高了5倍以上。高效液相色谱分析表明,于常规条件下水解5h和480W微波辐射辅助水解1h,木瓜蛋白酶水解大豆蛋白的酶解液中游离氨基酸含量和总氨基酸含量基本相同。【结论】微波辐射可以加快蛋白酶水解反应,提高反应速率。