蔡元培在现实与理想的困顿中追求教育管理“去行政化”：对内官僚袪除，强化专家治校，取得很大成就；对外政治抗拒，倡教育独立，但成效了了。蔡元培“去行政化”教育管理思想与实践告诉我们，教育“去行政化”应有所为有所不为：要构建专业型学校管理文化，实行校长管理专业化；建立服务与监督的府校关系，而不能以反官僚的名义片面追求教育自由与教育独立。%In the dilemma between ideal and reality, Cai Yuanpei pursued de-administration ( protec-ting academic freedom against undue interference from administrative power ) in educational manage-ment. Internally, he made great achievements in removing unnecessary bureaucracy and encouraging professors’ engagement in university governance. Externally, he advocated the separation between poli-tics and education to ensure the independence of education. However, such a proposition produced limited effect. Based on his theory and related practices, it is concluded that we should wisely choose what to do in educational de-administration. Hence, we ought to cultivate good professionalism in school management, implement professional management of presidents, and establish a balanced rela-tionship between the government and schools for offering service and supervision, rather than make a one-sided pursuit of absolute education freedom and independence in the name of anti-bureaucracy.
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