反讽叙事、德里达与《雪》之论争

摘要

Snow by Orhan Pamuk is a controversial novel and had once been collectively burned by Turkish nationalists.Does it mix with any misreading?Actually,Snow can be divided into two parts of foreground and background.The narrative of the fore-ground is monism,while the background is intertextuality.These two aspects form a textual effect of irony,which spreads on three aspects as Turkey,the cultural clash between East and West,and metaphysics.Finally,Pamuk represents a differance poetics of Derrida by reflecting the life compositions of human and snowflake-"everyone has his own snowflake".%奥尔罕・帕慕克的《雪》是一部备受争议的小说，曾引起本土民族主义者的集体焚烧。这其中是否掺杂着一些误读的部分？实际上，《雪》的内容可以分成前景、背景两部分，前景是一元论叙事，背景是互文性叙事，两者构成一种文本反讽效果。这种反讽在土耳其本土、东西方文化冲突、形而上哲学三个层面展开。最终，通过反思人与雪花的生命构成，帕慕克表征了一种德里达式的延异诗学———“每个人都有一片代表自己生命的雪花”。