一步法制备蜡质玉米复合变性淀粉工艺研究

摘要

In this work, the preparation of crossing-hydroxypropyl starch by one-step method was studied by using waxy maize starch as material, the sodium hydroxide as catalyst, propylene oxide as ether reagent, the sodium sulfate as swelling inhibitor, the sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) as cross-linking reagent. The effect of factors such as the mount of sodium hydroxide, amount of propylene oxide, amount of sodium sulfate, amount of cross-linking reagent trimetaphosphate on the molar substitution and reaction efficiency was discussed. The optimal conditions were: sodium sulfate 13 %,sodium hydroxide 1.2 %, propylene oxide 10 %, reaction temperature 45℃,reaction time 16 h.The amount of STMP has a smaller impact on MS and RE. Crosslinkining hydroxypropylated waxy maize starches were prepared by using this method. The study results will lay the foundation for exploiting waxy maize starch and modified starches.%以蜡质玉米淀粉为原料，环氧丙烷为醚化剂，三偏磷酸钠为交联剂，氢氧化钠为催化剂，无水硫酸钠为膨胀抑制剂，采用一步法湿法工艺制备了蜡质玉米复合变性淀粉。研究了环氧丙烷、三偏磷酸钠、氢氧化钠、无水硫酸钠用量对产品取代度和反应效率的影响，结果表明：交联羟丙基复合变性淀粉反应时膨胀抑制剂无水硫酸钠的适宜用量为13%，催化剂NaOH适宜用量为1.2%，醚化剂适宜用量为10%，反应时间为16 h，反应温度为45℃；三偏磷酸钠用量对产品取代度和反应效率影响较小；并制备了羟丙基复合变性淀粉，为蜡质玉米淀粉的应用和变性淀粉的开发提供了理论参考。