豆豉发酵常用毛霉和米曲霉菌株产生物胺能力的评价

摘要

The change of biogenic amines content produced by 6 strains of Mucor and Aspergillus oryzae in Douchi fermentation process was analyzed using four methods including microbial method,high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),molecular biology technology (PCR) and the enzyme technology.The results showed that similar results were obtained using these four methods.Six strains of Mucor racemosus,Actinomucor elegans,Mucor wutungkiao,Aspergillus oryzae 2339,Aspergillus oryzae 41380 and Aspergillus oryzae 40188 could produce tyramine.Actinomucor elegans and 3 strains of Aspergillus oryzae could produce tryptamine.Three strains of Aspergillus oryzae could produce putrescine.Only Mucor racemosus had histidine decarboxylase activity.Whether mold metabolism produced biogenic amines was not species-specific,but strains-specific.%采用微生物学、高效液相色谱、分子生物学技术(PCR)和酶学技术,系统检测和评价了豆豉发酵中常用的6株毛霉和米曲霉菌株产生物胺的情况.研究结果表明,采用微生物学、高效液相色谱、分子生物学技术(PCR)和酶学4种评价方法所得评价结果基本一致,总状毛霉、雅致放射毛霉、五通桥毛霉、米曲霉2339、米曲霉41380、米曲霉40188这6株试验菌株均产生酪胺,雅致放射毛霉和3株米曲霉能产生色胺,3株米曲霉能产生腐胺,而仅总状毛霉具有组氨酸脱羧酶活性.霉菌代谢产生生物胺及产生生物胺的种类和含量无种属特异性,但有菌株个体特异性.