通过对中部地区某县城乡学校义务教育阶段办学条件、师资配置和教师专业发展情况的调研，发现我国中部地区县域城乡学校义务教育均衡发展存在的主要问题是：城乡学校办学条件依然严重不均衡，教育经费投入依然很不均衡，师资力量依然非常不均衡，城乡学校教学质量也存在太大差距。针对这些突出问题，我们提出的推进策略是：（1）中央政府和省级政府应在提供充足财政支持的同时，确保办学经费的合理分配；（2）地方政府和教育主管部门应科学合理地调整城乡学校布局，必须方便农村学生就近入学，着重加快薄弱学校改造工程，缩小校际间的明显差距，乡镇和农村学校应提升办学质量而非扩大办学规模；（3）扎扎实实推进义务教育学校标准化建设，实现城乡义务教育规范化发展；（4）加强义务教育师资队伍建设，科学建设城乡学校教师合理流动的新机制。%Based on a survey of the compulsory education in X county in the central area of China about its school conditions , teacher allocation and teachers' professional development , the paper focuses on the main problems which are influencing the balanced development of compulsory education in rural and urban schools at county level , namely the unbalanced school running conditions , unbalanced education fund input , great difference in the quality of teaching staff , and the huge gap in the teaching quality . According to the analysis of these problems and the causes of them , the suggestions for the policy-makers are made as follows . Firstly , the government at both central and provincial levels should ensure the sufficient financial support and the reasonable allocation of school funds . Secondly , local governments and education authorities should scientifically adjust the distribution of schools in counties and countryside . The adjustment must be made under such principles as providing rural school students the convenience of enrolling in the neighbourhood schools , accelerating the reconstruction of schools with poor facilities so as to reduce the inter-school disparity , and improving the teaching quality in countryside schools instead of expanding the running scale of schools . Thirdly , boost the construction of standardized schools for compulsory education , so as to achieve the goal of the standardized development of compulsory education in counties and countryside . Finally ,improve the quality of the teaching staff for compulsory education , and establish a new system which allows should the flow of teachers between urban and rural schools .
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