压力源和压力强度对D型人格医学硕士研究生心理健康影响的调查

摘要

Objective To explore the relationship between type D personality of medical postgraduate students' psychological health with pressure source and pressure level.Methodes Using 14 items version test of type D personality (Type D Scale-14,DS14) and Beck-Srivastava stress scale (BSSI) to test 420 personalistic personalityistics,pressure source and pressure level of medical postgraduate students in combination with the self-assessment lists of symptom (SCL-90) to evaluate psychological health of them.Results The detection rate of type D personality of medical postgraduate students was 21.2％.The average score in BSSI of type D personality of medical postgraduate students was (97.43± 12.36) which was higher than the BSSI score of non-type D personality of medical postgraduate students whose score was (91.15± 11.43),the difference had statistically significant (P＜0.05).The type D personality of medical postgraduate students' score in SCL-90 scale of 9 factor was all higher than that of non-type D personality of medical postgraduate students,but the statistically significant's difference was only in the score of interpersonal relationship,depression,anxiety and psychosis-like symptoms (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The pressure of type D personality of medical postgraduate students was obviously higher than that of non-type D personality of medical postgraduate students,and caused great psychological pressure.The school should be carried out psychological intervention and guidance measures,so as to reduce the pressure caused by a variety of psychological problems.%目的 探讨压力源和压力强度与D型人格医学硕士研究生心理健康之间的关系.方法 采用14条目版本D型人格量表(DS14)及Beck-Srivastava压力量表(BSSI)对山东5所高校420名医学硕士研究生人格类型、压力源和压力强度进行检测,同时结合症状自评量表(SCL-90)对其心理健康情况进行相关评定.结果 420名医学硕士研究生中,共检出D型人格89人,检出率为21.2％；D型人格医学硕士研究生BSSI平均得分(97.43±12.36)分,明显高于非D型人格医学硕士研究生BSSI得分(91.15±11.43)分,两者得分均高于临界值,且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；D型人格医学硕士研究生在SCL-90量表的9个因子得分均高于非D型人格医学硕士研究生,但是仅在人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性4个因子得分高于非D型人格医学硕士研究生,其差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 D型人格医学硕士研究生的压力强度明显大于非D型人格医学硕士研究生,且造成较大的心理压力,应当及时开展心理干预和疏导措施,从而减轻压力对这些研究生造成的心理问题.