陕西省西安市农村居民健康素养现状及影响因素

摘要

Objective To investigate and understand the status and factors of health literacy among rural residents in Xi' an City of Shaanxi Province to provide evidence for developing appropriate intervention measures and strategies of health literacy.Methods 821 people aged 15 -69 years old were selected from rural area of Xi' an City by multi-stage stratified sampling method and were investigated by interview questionnaires.Results The overall level of health literacy among rural residents was 3.1％ in Xi' an City.The proportions of residents who hold the health literacy level in concept and basic knowledge, health lifestyle and behavior, basic skills were 15.3％, 2.5％ and 10.4％ respectively.The resuits of logistics regression analysis showed that factors of health literacy among rural residents were education, age, occupation et al.The education was the most important factor.Conclusion The overall level of health literacy among rural residents in Xi' an City was lower than the national average of 3.4％, and the distribution of Xi' an City was similar to the national distribution.It is proposed to continuously strengthen health information communication, seek surrounding supports,and implement the appropriate intervention measures to improve health literacy of residents.%目的 了解陕西省西安市农村居民健康素养水平及其影响因素,为制定有针对性的干预措施和政策提供理论依据.方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法对西安市15～69岁的农村居民821人进行访谈式调查.结果 西安市农村居民具备健康素养总体水平为3.1%;具备基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能素养的人口比例分别为15.3%、2.5%和10.4%.Logistic回归分析显示,影响农村居民健康素养因素有文化程度、年龄和职业等,其中文化程度最重要.结论 西安市农村居民的总体健康素养低于全国3.4%的平均水平,健康素养水平分布特点与全国总体水平相似,建议在继续加强健康信息传播的同时,寻求环境支持,采取针对性的干预措施,提高居民健康素养.