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陕西教育学院学报

陕西教育学院学报

Journal of Shaanxi Institute of Education
本刊是经新闻出版署批准公开发行的综合性学术刊物。主要刊登政治、经济、哲学、教育、文学、历史、地理、数学、物理、化学、生物、计算机等学科的基础理论研究、应用研究和教学研究等方面的论文。
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陕西教育学院学报 >2021年第12期

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  • 摘要：T he Elite Education now is becoming to the mass education w hile the higher education re-formed rapidly druing the recent years .Before the Adult Higher Educction was playing an important role in college .Now the research shows that the number of students is decreased ,the quality of teaching is de-clined .and absence of teaching management .Confronting with the current situation in higher correspon-dence education ,the paper puts forward that the higher school should play the functional education service in such a highly economic developed society .Higher correspondence education should enhance the charac-teristics to improve students'interest in sutdying ,to improve the quality guarantee system of higher corre-spondence education ,and effectively ensure the quality of higher correspondence education .%随着高等教育从“精英教育”变身为大众教育，作为高等学校人才培养重要组成部分的成人高等函授教育，在发展的趋势中出现了生源数量下降、教学质量下滑、教学管理缺位等令人堪忧的现象。举办高等函授教育的高等学校应积极发挥高等教育服务经济社会的发展功能，增强函授教育特色，提高学生学习兴趣，完善高等教育质量保证体系，为社会培养更多优秀人才。
  • 摘要：When we study the aesthetics of nature ,we must follow the logical order from macro to mi-cro .We shall not only pay attention to the physical transformation of nature ,but also pay attention to the highest essence of material - the human spirit .People’s ability and cleverness has strict natural aesthetic marginal .We shall observe nature objectively and calmly and we shall treat things in the natural world by sincere emotion .We shall promote things of nature in the motion of interaction toward the direction the beauty .People shall control their ow n life ,don't be one-sided ,or absolute .We must make our ow n sub-jective efforts and the long-term development of nature become a harmonious unity .Undertake natural aes-thetic ,and we must realize the harmonious unity of subject and object .We must take these contents as the basis for the natural aesthetic education ,and we must eliminate the wrong inherent ideas of the relation-ship between man and nature ,and we must dynamically grasp the right way to the construction of ecologi-cal civilization in extensive nature .%我们在研究自然美学的时候，要遵循从宏观到微观的逻辑顺序，既要注意自然界物质的变换，也要注意物质的最高精华---人的精神；人的聪明才智的发挥具有严格的自然审美边际。要客观冷静地观察自然，以真挚的情感对待大自然中的事物，促进其在运动中、在相互作用中向着美的方向发展。人要节制自己的生活，不要片面化，绝对化，要使自己的主观努力与自然界的长远发展结果和谐统一。进行自然审美，要实现主客体的和谐合一。要以这些基本内容为依据进行自然审美教育，要消除固有的关于人与自然关系的种种错误观念，在自然界的广泛联系中动态地把握生态文明建设的正确方式。
  • 摘要：川端康成善于利用“意象”创造自己的文学世界。他根据自己的美学追求，在自己的美感经验中，通过直觉和创造赋予简单的形象以深厚的韵味，这些寓意之象又恰好传达出一种特殊的情趣。在《山音》中，川端创作出物象、植物象、动物象、音象等众多的“象”，正是这些丰富的寓意之象，让他的作品寓意深刻，含蓄隽永，形成了一种独特的东方韵味。%Kawabata Yasunari was good at making full use of the image to create his own literary word .In Voice of the Mountain ,according to his aesthetics pursuit ,the work creats lots of images ,for ex-ample :object ,plant image ,animal image ,voice image and so on .It is exactly these images ,making his works a profound message and therefor form a unique oriental charm .
  • 摘要：Since 20th century ,because of the impact of advanced concepts in foreign educational re-form ,concepts of Chinese music education was also updated constantly with the development of national conditions ,w hich is suitable for Chinese children's physical and mental development of new music educa-tion system in China .This article presents efforts to Dalcroze's basic theory of Eurhythmics in music edu-cation and the practice in music education in our study .Based on the existing problems and actual learning situation in China's national conditions ,the learning strategies about Eurhythmics teaching theory which blend in the body movements and music inner feelings with students were suggested in this article ,with the purpose of promoting their auditory ,kinesthetic ,emotional ,mental and coordinated development ,music feeling and the performance of music ,the development of comprehensive literacy .%达尔克罗兹所研创的“体态律动”音乐教学理论，对开展儿童音乐教育具有十分重要的指导和实践意义。我国在应用实际中还存在着未能真正把握其本质内涵、方法不当、普及性不够等问题。我们应结合国情积极进行解决，以努力开创具有中国特色的音乐教育新路子。
  • 摘要：Han Fu is the important comment object of Wenxindiaolong ,by snooping the view on Han Fu of Wenxindiaolong ,we can understand Liu Xie's literary thought deeply .Liu Xie's Evaluation on Han Fu has a very obvious characteristics ,it has both praise and criticism ,and he design a set of theoretical method to reconcile his contradictory view on Han Fu finally .%汉赋是《文心雕龙》的重要评论对象，通过窥探《文心雕龙》的汉赋观，可以深入了解刘勰文论思想的根本原则与现实意义。刘勰对汉赋的评价有一个非常显著的特征，就是既赞赏又批判，最终又设计出一套理论上的方法来调和他矛盾的汉赋观。
  • 摘要：禁忌语在跨文化交际中有着十分大的影响力。中西方因为不同的文化与伦理道德基础，在禁忌语上存在很大的差异。通过对中西禁忌语差异的伦理道德研究，可以为跨文化交际提供一些启示：中西禁忌语的现象非常复杂，理解中西伦理的差别可以从本质上掌握这些差异，为跨文件交际解除一些障碍。%Taboo language plays an important role in cross-cultural communication .Based on different cultures and ethical foundations ,Chinese and English taboos have many differences .The purpose of this thesis is to help individual have a deeper understanding of the national culture and foreign culture ,w hich can contribute to inter-cultural communication :taboos are complex .Understanding the different ethical foundations can help students make these complexes easier and eliminate the barriers in cross-culture com-munication .
  • 摘要：The opening to the west is to play the comprehensive advantages of the country ,in order to strengthen the western frontier region of land bordering Central Asia ,South Asia ,West Asia and other countries and regions ,exchanges and cooperation .Xinjiang is playing a strategic bridgehead west open role .The national strategy of opening up the west of Xinjiang has geographical advantages ,industry ad-vantages and infrastructure protection .Meanwhile ,the west of Xinjiang which is playing the role of strate-gic bridgehead ,is also full of challenges .The challenges include :the impact of American "Asia-Pacific Grand Stratege"on Xinjiang's social stability ,The Russian attitude of west China stratgy of opening up as well as bottlenecks in their own development in Xinjiang and other aspects .Under the new situations in Xinjiang we must fully play its own advantages to build a new pattern of opening up ,and to overcome the possible and potential adverse effects of the strategy .%向西开放就是要发挥整个国家的综合优势，以西部地区为前沿加强与我国陆路接壤的中亚、南亚、西亚等国家和地区的交流与合作。新疆正发挥着向西开放战略的桥头堡的作用。新疆在国家向西开放战略中拥有地缘优势、产业优势和基础设施保障。与此同时，新疆发挥在向西战略的桥头堡作用中也充满着挑战。主要体现在美国的“亚太大战略”对新疆社会稳定的影响，俄罗斯对中国向西开放战略的态度，以及新疆自身发展的瓶颈等方面。新形势下新疆构筑对外开放新格局，既要充分发挥自身优势，又要克服可能及潜在的不利影响，真正发挥在西部战略中桥头堡的作用。
  • 摘要：On the background of librarianship development and transition ,the author sample surveyed survival and ideological trends of librarians of Shaanxi province in recent years ,and had a statistics and comprehensive analysis of the data from professional background ,career awareness and career expecta-tions .The author found positive overall condition .But obviously there are also some negative tendencies . Therefor this article gave some countermeasures :accelerating the pace of upgrading the level of contempo-rary library services ,highly professional team of professional librarian ,solving some career development challenges for librarian .%在当代图书馆事业发展与转型大背景下，抽样调查了陕西地区图书馆员近年来生存状况与思想动态，从职业背景、职业认知和职业预期等三个方面进行数据统计与综合分析，发现其整体状况积极，但是也明显存在着一些消极倾向。积极改进当代图书馆员生存状况与思想动态的主要对策是：加快当代图书馆服务水平升级步伐；加快建设高度职业化的专业馆员队伍；积极协助馆员解决其目前职业发展过程中的若干突出难题。
  • 摘要：本文从宁夏坐唱的文学性和音乐性两个方面来探讨其独特的文学价值和艺术魅力，以期通过这样的思考来获得对宁夏坐唱这一民间说唱形态更为全面的认识，并对地域民间文化艺术形式在当前推进文化大发展大繁荣和向西开放视野下的保护、传承、利用与共享做进一步了解。%Ningxia rap music has unique literary value and artistic charm .T his paper analyzes this kind of music from two aspects :literary forms of lower classes and performance arts of marketplaces ,aiming at getting more comprehensive understanding of Ningxia rap music .
  • 摘要：声乐教学是研究塑造声音的模式和方法的。教学中的“声音”可分为“声”和“音”两部分组成，以此为视角，本文从心理学模式以及声学模式两者建立有效联系的角度展开相关的思考和讨论。%Vocal Music Teaching is to study the mode and method of shaping the sound .The"Music"consists of two parts :"the Voice"and"the Sound".This article will talk about the effective connection be-tween the psychology mode and acoustic mode .
  • 摘要：随着启蒙教育受到越来越多的重视，幼儿外语教育成为了社会关注的“热点”。由于年龄及心理特点，幼儿往往是通过自身的活动去认识世界，体验生活，习得经验。幼儿天生就有习得语言的能力，也有其学习语言的敏感期与关键期。作者在研究了国内外相关文献的基础上，提出了八种帮助幼儿学习外语的教学方法；同时，也建议成年人在幼儿外语教学过程中，要充分利用幼儿的自然特征和学习特点，根据实际情况，采用相应的教学方法，充分开发幼儿学习外语的能力。%With an increasing emphasis on elementary education ,early childhood education has become a heated social concern .Based on the age and psychological characteristics ,children often understand the world ,experience life and gain experiences through their own activities .They are born with the ability to acquire languages ,and also have their sensitive period and the critical period for language learning .The author researching on the basis of relevant literature presents eight teaching methods to help children learn a foreign language .Meanwhile ,the article also recommends that in early childhood foreign language teach-ing process ,adults should take advantage of children's natural features and learning characteristics .Ac-cording to the actual situation ,certain corresponding and appropriate teaching methods should be taken in order to fully develop children's ability of learning a second language .
  • 摘要：在秘书教育与培训中，要走内涵式发展道路，培养应用型高级秘书人才所需要重视培养五方面秘书在实际工作中的业务能力，即书面表达能力、口头表达能力、信息处理能力、协调和社交能力和独立办事能力。%There are five aspects of professional ability in secretarial work need to be more cultivated and more practised .T he five aspects are w ritten and spoken ability 、information processing ability 、good so-ciability and communication skill ,ability to work independently .The sevretavial training program should develop its connotation course and train more people with pragmatic advanced secretarial skills .
  • 摘要：Combined with the object -oriented program design course teaching practice ,that the tradi-tional teaching mode of the course teaching in the presence of the disconnection between theory and prac-tice ,does not to stimulate the initiative and creativity of students'learning ;And usually theories are very abstract in the traditional teading mode and students are difficult to understand ;the existing problems in teaching programs are unable to finish the curriculum teaching objectives and teaching content .Based on the project of training mode ,the teaching process combines with students self-study throughout the course would let students easily master the theoretical knowledge in practice .Therefore ,this method in teaching and training project based teaching model is very necessary .%结合面向对象程序设计课程的教学实际，认为目前该课程教学中采用的传统教学模式存在理论与实践脱节，无法激发学生学习的主动性和创新性；理论较为抽象，学生很难理解；现有的教学学时根本无法较好地完成本课程的设定的教学目标和教学内容等问题。而基于实训项目的教学模式，使得整个课程的教学过程与学生自主学习密切结合，能让学生在实践中掌握理论知识，所以教学中采用基于实训项目的教学模式是非常必要的。
  • 摘要：赵氏孤儿的故事和关羽形象正因涵盖了忠义思想的精神内核，才成为传统文化中的经典。而电影《赵氏孤儿》和《关云长》对于忠义思想的解构，难免使观众产生一种阅读失落。用传统文化经典改造的商业大片能使观众一饱眼福，但如果在消费历史、消费文化的过程中得不到一点精神方面的感召，则只能让商业大片成为文化快餐而不是文化经典。%The story of "Zhao Shi Gu Er"and"Guan Yun Chang"covered the core of spirit of Loyalty& Faithfulness ,which made the two stories the classic represents of traditional Chinese culture ,while the movie of "Zhao Shi Gu Er" and "Guan Yun Chang" give us another exploration of "Loyalty & Faithful-ness".But the movie pictures lowers down the audience expectations of the truth of original works .The commercial works would satisfy the audience at the moment .But if there is no spiritual strike during the consuming process commercial film of the Chinese history and the Chinese culture ,it can only makes the commercial film like fast food instead of classical works .
  • 摘要：As the image of tyrants in Shakespeare's works ,Richard III and Macbeth have many similar characteristics ,But there is a huge difference in their personal image ,usurper motivation ,as well as the existence of conscience ,etc .Making a study of these similarities and differences helps us further pry into Shakespeare's political ideals and the legitimate kings in his eyes .%同为莎士比亚笔下的僭主形象，在理查三世和麦克白身上有许多相同特征，但在人物形象，篡位动机，以及是否存在道德心等方面的描写却存在巨大差异。细究这些同异处，有助于我们更全面地窥探莎翁的政治理想与他眼中的合法君王风貌。
  • 摘要：采用文献资料和逻辑分析的方法，分别从中国古代的健身观念、健身术的主要内容与特点等三方面分析传统体育的健身观。认为：中国古代的健身术在其产生之日起就非常重视人的整体观及调养性，并提倡摄取及养生方面的生活；中国古代的健身术关涉的内容和范围相当广泛，主要包括宗教、哲学、医学、文学及艺术等多个学科；中国古代的健身术作为人类文化宝贵的遗产，有着科学合理的内容与理念，同时也对其他学科发展有着重要的影响。%T his antide analysize the traditional sports fitness from the three aspects :ancient Chinese concept of fintness ,the main contents and features ,by studying the related document literature .Ancient Chinese form of art at the date of its origin attaches great importance of the overall concept of people and body maiatance ,and advocate for intake and health aspects of life ;the content and scope of Ancient Chi-nese form of art involves widerspreadly ,mainly including religion ,philosophy ,medicine ,literature and art ,and other disciplines ;Ancient Chinese form of art as a precious heritage and human culture ,has a sci-entific and reasonable content and concept .And therfore has an important impact on other disciplines devel-opment .
  • 摘要：Kindergarten-based Teaching Research is an effective way to promote the pre-school teach-ers'professional development .But , .T he teachers as the dominant position on the activities of the teach-ing and research is uncertainty ,the awareness of the relationship betwean the experience and theories is not strong ,the evaluation system is imperfect .The thesis suggested a relaziation of development ,to im-prove the research system and establish the appraisal and incentive system .%在实施《标准》的过程中，园本教研活动被认为是促进幼儿教师专业化成长的有效的途径。但是，当前园本教研活动中还存在研究主体地位不明、成果关联意识不强、考评制度不完善等问题。树立发展意识、完善园本教研制度、建立考评、激励机制是促进幼儿教师专业成长的有益尝试。
  • 摘要：新建本科院校作为近年来本科高校的新生力量，正在不断壮大和发展，形成鲜明的办学特色、提高教育质量，在高等教育史上具有重要现实意义。本文论述了新建本科院校形成办学特色、提高教育质量的必要性，并以陕西学前师范学院为例，对新建本科院校在突出办学特色、提高教育质量过程中面临的问题与对策进行了一些分析和思考。%The New Built Undergraduate Universities are kept growing and developing as the new blood for undergraduate education in the recent years .Therefore ,it is very important to have the educa-tion characterizations and to improve the education qualities in various universities .As the center case of Shaanxi XueQian Normal University ,this article analyses the problems this university met during the first few years of the establishment .T he topics include how to improve the education quality ,how to set up its special education characterization .And the conclusions include the related solutions .
  • 摘要：普通话水平测试是我国推广普通话的一项重要举措，测试的目的是“以测促训”，这就需要切实加强测前辅导和培训的力度。在计算机辅助普通话测试背景下，测试机构存在弱化测试培训的倾向，应从普通话水平测试培训工作体系和测试内容体系等方面加强培训，确保普通话水平测试工作的社会效果。%Putonghua Proficiency test is an important measure to promote the use of Putonghua .The aim of this test is to promote training ,and therefore ,the training services before the test should be im-proved and the training forces should be strengthened .Under the background of computer aided scoring for Putonghua Proficiency test ,all test institutes should prevent the trend of weakening the training before the test .In order to ensure the social effect of Putonghua Proficiency test ,this article considers the necessary of strengthening the training in the aspect of Putonghua Proficiency test training system and test content system .
  • 摘要：In the late 1980s ,China began to conduct pre-school English education gradually in national wide .And since then the researchers of foreign language education started systematic research and to explore the pre-school Eng-lish education so that it could get the sustainable development under the guide of scientific theory .Nevertheless ,the lack of qualified pre-school English teachers and short of pre-school English teachers'pre-service education system do prevent the further development of pre-school English teaching .Based on the current analysis of pre-school English teaching method ,the paper studies the students whose major is pre-school education and constructs one brand-new and scientific pre-school English teachers'pre-service education system .The purpose of this paper is to build the relat-ed system in order to cultivate the qualified pre-service English teacher in kindergarten and promote the development of pre-school English education .%20世纪80年代末期，我国开始逐步开展幼儿英语教育，我国的外语教学研究者也对幼儿英语教育进行了系统的研究与探讨，从而使幼儿英语教育能够在科学理论的指导下，获得可持续发展。然而高素质幼儿英语师资的相对缺乏，幼儿英语教师职前教育模式的相对滞后，已严重阻碍幼儿英语教育的进一步发展。文章基于当前幼儿英语教育及幼儿英语师资的现状分析，针对学前教育专业学生的实际情况，构建科学的、有效的幼儿英语教师职前教育模式，以期培养高素质的幼儿英语职前教师，促进幼儿英语教育的发展。
  • 摘要：Incidental vocabulary learning is an important way for children learning new characters .The current re-search gives some implications for children characters learning .First ,we should pay attention to the importance of in-cidental vocabulary learning process .And therefore we can improve the Chinese characters learning efficiency by taking full advantage of incidental words learning;Secondly ,we should prepare well-organized learning material for inciden-tal character learning .For example ,selecting the appropriate phonetic way ,and getting rid of several vocabulary pho-netic symbols by using full text phonetic way to promote children a good learning habit;At last ,setting a reasonable environmental density of new vocabularies ,creating a good language environment ,promoting the oral language prac-tice are the best ways to establish a stable foundation to get the correct pronunciation ,spells and meaning .%伴随学习是儿童学习生字的重要方式之一。伴随学习相关研究对儿童汉字学习具有一定的启示：首先，应重视伴随学习生字在儿童汉字学习中的重要作用，充分利用伴随学习促进儿童生字学习；其次，应注意设置良好的学习材料为伴随学习服务。选择恰当的注音方式，摒弃生字注音方式，采用全文注音，为学习材料设置良好的语境，促进儿童利用多种线索学习生字；再次，合理的设置学习材料的生字密度，为儿童创造良好的生活语言环境，促进其标准口语的掌握，为书面语言中音、形、义的通达打下基础。
  • 摘要：Chun Qiu Gu Liang Zhuan ,a remarkable commenting and supplementary book of Chun Qiu .It empha-sized the role that the art image in comment works was played .The comment of Chun Qiu Gu Liang Zhuan accompa-nied the development of the art image .The comment also justified the viewpoint of Chun Qiu Gu Liang Zhuan .The structure mode of Chun Qiu Gu Liang Zhuan was one question followed by one answer .And the questions were con-nected together which finally led readers come to a conclusion step by step .Therefore this article studies the literature art of Chun Qiu Gu Liang Zhuan in its logicality .%《春秋穀梁传》十分重视艺术形象在论说文中的地位。《春秋穀梁传》在论说过程中伴随着艺术形象的塑造，通过鲜明的艺术形象增强《春秋穀梁传》的观点的合理性。《春秋穀梁传》的问答式结构要求逐次回答问题，这就产生了层层推进的论证效果，使文章有逻辑性和力量。《春秋穀梁传》融说明于论说之中。
  • 摘要：Under the environment of the widely using of campus internet network ,it is important to explore the moral education under such condition .In order to develop the internet -based moral education , teachers who in charge of this issue should refresh their educational ideas ,enrich the resources of moral contents and the way they present ;Furthermore ,the management of the internet should be improved and established a community w hich engaged in all teachers ,students and parents .%在校园网越来越普及的背景下，积极利用网络平台，因势利导，探索网络环境下的德育显得更加重要。目前来看，校园网德育功能的发挥还有很大空间。为此，德育工作者需要更新教育理念；丰富校园网德育资源的内容及呈现方式；扩大网络管理员范围，使教师、学生、家长、社区组成网络建设共同体；进一步挖掘班主任队伍资源。
  • 摘要：教师是办好教育的第一资源。离职倾向居高不下是民办幼儿园教师队伍建设的瓶颈。民办幼儿园组织环境、外部社会舆论和幼儿教师个体因素是影响民办幼儿园教师离职倾向的主要因素。提升民办园的管理水平、营造有利于教师发展的良好环境、引导幼儿教师不断提升自身素养是破解离职倾向的应对策略。%A good education system needs good teachers .The high intention of resignation of the kindergarten teachers is the main obstacle of establishing a good private pre-education system .Three factors influence on the high intention of resignation of the kindergarten teachers:environment ,public opinion and personal reasons .In order to dealing with this issue ,the key ideas are to improve the management level ,to enhance the overall environment and to develop the teachers'ow n professional .
  • 摘要：聚焦陕西省的工读生，并以西安市普通中学生作为参照组，认为陕西省工读生受教育目的集中，但对教育的认知度和愿望以及接受道德、社会常识和法律法规教育的水平低于普通生。作者认为，办好工读教育需要党和政府的高度重视，需要全社会的支持和积极参与；工读学校要两条腿走路，将行为矫治与义务教育相结合。%Trough the practical research on Shaanxi Students in the special schools for juvenile delinquents ,and comparative not disciplined adolescents ,this paper analyzes the present situation and the characteristic of its compre-hensive education .This paper also serves as an important reference to further research on how to protect juvenile de-linquents by exploring the existed educational problems of social morals ,legal knowledge ,social knowledge and work-ing skills .This paper found that the education resource in school for juvenile delinquents is more concentrated .While the cognition of education ,educated desire ,and the morals ,legal knowledge ,social knowledge and social skills of these juvenile delinquents are worse than normal adolescents .Moreover ,based on these findings ,this paper suggests education reform needs the party and government more great attention and support .And it is also necessary to be ac-tively participated by the whole society .Education reform needs to be done from two sides:combined behavioral treat-ment and compulsory education .
  • 摘要：在艺术设计教育中，设计创意课程应当以图形创意为核心，深入研究格式塔理论及视觉思维的形式特征，采用多样化教学手法，训练和提高综合图形表现力和创作力，随时代发展而赋予图形新的活力。%In art design education ,creative design curriculum should regard creative graphics as a core part .The art design education should deeply study Gestalt theory and the characteristics of visual thinking ,make the use of di-verse teaching methods ,train and improve the expressive and creative force of integrated graphics ,and give graphic new vitality while corresponding with the development of the whole society .
  • 摘要：Lu Xun's literary work usually starts from the reference of ideality and reality world .The unmasking and criticizing to the reality is only its appearance .While the core content is the ideality and seeking for the final target of living path .Lu Xun's ideality is made of his wholesome personality and harmonious relationship with people ,which not only stands for the most modern concept in the modern times Chinese reform ,but also correspond to Confucius'personal ideality from long time ago .Lu Xun's exploration contributes to Chinese tradition and his works brought us back to traditional ideal society .%鲁迅的创作在理想与现实两个世界的彼此参照中展开，现实的揭露批判是其表象，而理想与寻路才是他创作的核心内容和终极目标。鲁迅的人生理想由健全的人性与和谐的人际关系构成，这既代表了中国近现代改革最富现代性的认知和理念，也与孔子源自上古的人生理想相契合。鲁迅的探索，为中华民族建造立足于传统并回归传统的理想社会提供了启示与借鉴。
  • 摘要：杨贵妃是唐玄宗后期宫廷后妃中最为显赫的人物，她借着玄宗对她的专宠，结成以杨国忠为首的杨氏外戚集团，把持朝政、巧取豪夺、收受贿赂、淫乐腐化，直接参与高级官员的任命和军国重大政务的决策和执行，在政治上产生了严重的影响。本文以史实为依据，对近年来宣扬的“杨贵妃从不参与政治”、“杨贵妃是中国封建社会后妃中唯一不参与政治的一个”等说法，明确提出异议。%Yang Gui Fei is the most famous person in Emperor Xuanzong's Palace in Tang Dynasty . This paper talks about her control of the politics ,taking bribes ,corruption ,and important role in affect-ing the Emperor Xuan Zong's political decision ,including the nomination of high officials ,military affairs , and important state affairs .The lady Yang also used her brother Yang Guo Zhong by bribing an important position in the palace .She had talents in dancing and singing ,intelligence and deep love of Emperor Xuan-zong .T he opinions of this paper are strongly opposite to some popular statements in recent years ,such as Yang Gui Fei never involves in Politics and she is the only imperial consort w ho never ever involves in Poli-tics .
  • 摘要：This paper questioned some views about the traditional elimination and updates of the old or used literature materials in university libraries .For example ,"continuously eliminating the old or used books was regarded as the only effective way of keeping library's quality and its development";"the criteri-on of the value of books is outdated instead of their use value".Meanwhile ,this article combined with per-sonal understanding and first -hand experience of the Rules for Libraries of General Universities (Re-vised) ,specifically brought comments and suggestions on strengthening the management of books ,estab-lishing and improving relevant systems .%高校图书馆废旧图书文献的剔除更新，“只有不断剔除旧滞书，才能健康的发展藏书，从而有效控制藏书质量”、“图书的陈旧与否……必须依靠其使用价值来加以判断”等观点值得质疑，结合自己对《普通高等学校图书馆规程（修订）》的理解和切身体会，对加强图书管理、建立完善相关制度提出具体意见和建议。
  • 摘要：矩阵的特征值和特征向量，除通常通过求解特征方程及有关的齐次线性方程组的方法外，还可利用矩阵的多项式来直接求得。%In general ,Matrix eigenvalue and eigenvector can be obtained by solving the characteristic of equation and homogeneous linear equations .However ,it can also be obtained by some other ways .This paper tells us another way by using matrix polynomial directly .

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