目的：了解西安市农村居民健康素养现状及其影响因素。方法采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样方法抽取西安市7个主要农民居住县（区）共计1386名调查对象，进行问卷调查；应用 SPSS 19．0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果共调查1270人，其中男性615人，女性655人。西安市农村居民总体健康素养水平为4．4％，男性为3．8％，女性为5．0％。具备基本知识与理念、健康生活方式和行为、健康技能三方面素养为10．8％、6．3％、7．7％，具备6类健康问题素养从高到低依次为：安全与急救38．9％、科学健康观24．0％、传染病预防14．6％、健康信息11．5％、基本医疗6．0％、慢性病预防5．8％。除基本知识与理念外，各类素养水平女性均高于男性，差异无统计学意义；35岁及以下居民高于35岁以上居民；受教育程度越高健康素养具备率越高；农民的健康素养水平较其他任何职业都低。结论西安市农村居民健康素养水平较低。不同性别、年龄、文化程度、家庭年收入人群健康素养存在差异。%Objective To understand the situation of health literacyamong rural residentsin Xi’an,and analysis the main influence factors.Methods Using multistage stratified random cluster sampling,1386 residents from 7 countries and areas in Xi’an were investigated with the questionnaire of health literacy.Results A total of 1270 people were investi-gated of which 615 were male and 655 were female.The overall of adjusted health literacy (AHL)among rural residentswas 4.4%.The AHL rates in the 3 health-literacy-related aspects as basic health concept and knowledge,healthy lifestyle and behaviors and health related skills were 10.8%,6.3% and 7.7%,respectively.The AHL rates of 6 health issues as safety and first aid,attitude towards health,infectious diseases prevention,health information,basic medical care,and chronic diseases prevention among rural residents were 38.9%,24.0%,14.6%,11.5%,6.0% and 5.8%,respectively.The overall AHL rate and the AHL rates in the literacy-related aspects were higher among the female than among the males except basic health concept and knowledge.Higher HL was found in the residents under 35 years old.The higher the education level of the respondents,the higher the proportion of AHL was found.The AHL of famers were lower than that of other occupa-tions.Conclusion The basic health literacy among rural residents in Xi’an is lower.The AHL rats are different among the residents in different genders,ages,education level and household income respectively.
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