提取黄鳍金枪鱼眼窝肉鱼油的方法比较研究

摘要

以黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacores 眼窝肉为研究对象,采用隔水蒸煮法、酶解法、碱水解法和超临界CO2(SC-CO2)萃取法提取鱼油,对所得鱼油的理化性质和脂肪酸组成进行分析测定.结果表明:SC-CO2萃取法和酶解法提取率无显著性差异,但明显高于隔水蒸煮法和碱水解法;SC-CO2萃取法获得的鱼油达到我国水产行业SC/T 3502-2000精制鱼油一级标准,其他3种方法达到SC/T 3502-2000粗鱼油二级标准;SC-CO2 萃取法提取的鱼油不饱和脂肪酸含量最高(74.29%),其中含EPA 5.99%、DHA 27.12%.因此,SC-CO2 较其他3种方法提取金枪鱼眼窝肉中鱼油具有显著优势.%Water bath, enzymatic hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC -CO2 ) methods were used to extract fish oil from the yellowfin tuna ( Thunnus albacores) orbital meat. The physicochemical properties and fatty acids of unrefined tuna orbital oil were analyzed. The results showed that there was no significant difference between SC -CO2 method and enzymatic hydrolysis method in the oil extraction yield, however, their oil extraction yield were obviously higher than those extracted by water bath and alkaline hydrolysis. The physicochemical properties of tuna orbital oil extracted by SC - CO2 met with the first grade of refined fish oil in China standard ( SC/T 3502 - 2000) , while those extracted by the other three methods met with the secondary grade of unrefined fish oil. The tuna orbital oil extracted by SC- CO2 contained the highest amount of unsaturated fatty acids (74.29％), of which, EPA and DHA were 5.99％ and 27.12％, respectively. In general ,the SC -CO2 had obvious superiority in extraction of tuna orbital oil.