医学生批判性思维能力的现状调查与影响因素分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the current status of medical students 'critical thinking ability and its influencing factors.Methods We selected 135 clinical medicine students from the Sixth Clinical Medical School Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University.Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (CTDI-CV)was adopted for the survey.Results The average total score of critical thinking ability of the medical students was 242.94 ±20.65,and only 4.44% of the students showed positive critical thinking ability.Among the seven dispositions,only cognitive maturity (43.23 ±6.98) was positive.Self-confidence (28.61 ±6.21 )was negative.Analysis capability (30.01 ±4.53)and desire for further knowledge (30.01 ±4.91 )were in the negative state threshold.Male and female medical students differed significantly in critical thinking ability (239.52 ±22.09 vs.247.53 ±18.23, P =0.025).Conclusion The critical thinking ability of medical students is weak.To improve their critical thinking,we should attach importance to the cultivation of critical thinking ability,adopt new teaching techniques and change evaluation methods,which are the effective ways to improve medical students'critical thinking ability.%目的：了解医学生批判性思维能力的现状并分析其影响因素。方法应用批判性思维倾向量表中文版对上海交通大学六院临床医学院临床医学专业135名学生进行问卷调查。结果医学生批判性思维能力平均总分（242．94±20．65），仅4．44％学生表现为正性批判性思维能力。七个特质中仅“认知成熟度”（43．23±6．98）表现为正性倾向；“自信心”（28．61±6．21）表现为负性倾向，而“分析能力”（30．01±4．53）和“求知欲”（30．01±4．91）处于负性倾向临界状态。男女学生在批判性思维总体评价上存在差异（239．52±22．09 vs 247．53±18．23，P ＝0．025）。结论医学生批判性思维能力整体表现弱。指出，重视批判性思维能力的培养、采用新的教学技术及改变评估方法，是进一步提高医学生批判性思维能力的有效途径。