阳明心学研究视角新论

摘要

Since the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty especially modern times, our study of Yangming′s idealism theory in aca-demic circle has mainly applied literature material research and logical analysis based on the instruction method. But to idealism theory which pays attention to inner world spiritual experience, the disadvantages of the traditional instruction method research view have grad-ually alerted those person with breadth of vision. While the proof method view has deep theoretical basis which fits Yangming′s idealism theory′s inner spirit always focused on effort empiric, and is able to overcome partial malpractice long focused on the instruction rather than empiric in current study. But historical material research and logical analysis are indispensable indeed as essential precondition and major means in modem academic research. So the proof method and the instruction method should be unified and complemented for bringing out the best in each other. Such research methods will help to elucidate the original features with true spirit of Yangming′s ide-alism theory, and are able to promote deep development of idealism theory research.%自明末清初尤其是近代以来，学界对阳明心学的研究多运用基于教法视角之文献材料考证与逻辑思辨分析，然对于注重内心世界精神体验的心学而言，传统教法研究视角之日见其弊已渐为有识之士所警醒。而证法研究视角则具有深契阳明心学一贯注重工夫实证之内在精神的深层学理依据，有利于克服当前研究长期偏重教法忽视实证之偏弊；但史料考证与逻辑思辨作为现代学术研究的必要前提和重要手段实不可或缺。故证法与教法两种研究视角之融通互补、相得益彰，有助于发显阳明心学的本来面目和真实精神，推进心学研究的深入开展。