COVID-19

摘要： In the last two years,a new seve re acute res piratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV)infection has spread worldwide leading to the death of millions.Va ccination represents the key factor in the global strategy against this pandemic,but it also poses several problems,especially for vulnerable people such as patients with multiple scle rosis.In this review,we have briefly summarized the main findings of the safety,efficacy,and acceptability of Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination fo r multiple sclerosis patients.Although the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines has progressively increased in the last year,a small but significant part of patients with multiple sclerosis still has relevant concerns about vaccination that make them hesitant about receiving the COVID-19 vaccine.Overall,available data suggest that the COVID-19 vaccination is safe and effective in multiple scle rosis patients,even though some pharmacological treatments such as anti-CD20 therapies or sphingosine I-phosphate receptor modulato rs can reduce the immune response to vaccination.Accordingly,COVID-19 vaccination should be strongly recommended for people with multiple scle rosis and,in patients treated with anti-CD20 therapies and sphingosine I-phosphate receptor modulato rs,and clinicians should evaluate the appropriate timing for vaccine administration.Further studies are necessary to understand the role of cellular immunity in COVID-19 vaccination and the possible usefulness of booster jabs.On the other hand,it is mandatory to learn more about the reasons why people refuse vaccination.This would help to design a more effective communication campaign aimed at increasing vaccination coverage among vulnerable people.

摘要： In light of the rising evidence of the association between viral and bacterial infections and neurodegeneration,we aimed at revisiting the infectious hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease and analyzing the possible implications of COVID-19 neurological sequelae in long-term neurodegeneration.We wondered how SARS-CoV-2 could be related to the amyloid-βcascade and how it could lead to the pathological hallmarks of the disease.We also predict a paradigm change in clinical medicine,which now has a great opportunity to conduct prospective surveillance of cognitive sequelae and progression to dementia in people who suffered severe infections together with other risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease.

摘要： 新冠病毒的爆发流行,对人类健康生活产生的极大的影响,持续隔离、控制外出导致的体力活动不足会降低人体抵御病毒感染的能力,对机体系统以及心理产生损害.而瑜伽作为体力活动的一种,是否能够成为预防或治疗COVID-19的辅助性手段?其如何影响机体?本文基于前人研究,对此做了梳理与归纳相关机制,其结论显示:通过瑜伽的呼吸技能以及体式动作,提高机体免疫细胞、免疫能力,有效缓解CO-VID-19患者的肺功能障碍;另一方面通过瑜伽组合性动作,对自主神经系统产生一定的影响,提高副交感神经的兴奋性,缓解患者焦虑、抑郁等情绪波动,还改善个人的心理健康状态.最后,通过瑜伽冥想可以促进体内褪黑素的生成,提高氧化能力与免疫水平,从而对COVID-19患者也能增加机体抗炎与抗氧化的能力,提高患者免疫能力.

摘要： 利用美国2020年1月22日至8月16日的人口流动指数与COVID-19感染人数增长率数据,构建向量自回归模型,系统分析人口流动与新冠病毒传播之间的内在关联.结果表明:驾车出行指数、乘坐公共交通出行指数和步行出行指数分别与COVID-19感染人数增长率之间具有长期均衡关系;观察期间乘坐公共交通出行指数和步行出行指数对COVID-19感染人数增长率的累积效应为正,驾车出行指数对COVID-19感染人数增长率的累积效应为负.因此,控制城市公共交通和步行出行的防控措施有助于拉平"疫情曲线",鼓励居民选择私家车出行可以减弱新冠病毒传播的风险和趋势.新冠病毒传播在一定程度上对人口流动的变化产生影响,但人口流动的变化主要受其自身的影响,即驾车出行指数、乘坐公共交通出行指数和步行出行指数均具有明显的正反馈作用.

摘要： The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic continues to present diagnostic challenges.The use of thoracic radiography has been studied as a method to improve the diagnostic accuracy of COVID-19.The‘Living’Cochrane Systematic Review on the diagnostic accuracy of imaging tests for COVID-19 is continuously updated as new information becomes available for study.In the most recent version,published in March 2021,a meta-analysis was done to determine the pooled sensitivity and specificity of chest X-ray(CXR)and lung ultrasound(LUS)for the diagnosis of COVID-19.CXR gave a sensitivity of 80.6%(95%CI:69.1-88.6)and a specificity of 71.5%(95%CI:59.8-80.8).LUS gave a sensitivity rate of 86.4%(95%CI:72.7-93.9)and specificity of 54.6%(95%CI:35.3-72.6).These results differed from the findings reported in the recent article in this journal where they cited the previous versions of the study in which a metaanalysis for CXR and LUS could not be performed.Additionally,the article states that COVID-19 could not be distinguished,using chest computed tomography(CT),from other respiratory diseases.However,the latest review version identifies chest CT as having a specificity of 80.0%(95%CI:74.9-84.3),which is much higher than the previous version which indicated a specificity of 61.1%(95%CI:42.3-77.1).Therefore,CXR,chest CT and LUS have the potential to be used in conjunction with other methods in the diagnosis of COVID-19.

摘要： 新型冠状病毒毒株的不断变异,抗体逃逸和传播能力大幅提升,已成为目前对人类威胁最大的传播性病毒体之一。为了能够更清晰地了解当前疫情的发展状况,及时地获取病毒传播状况以采取有效的防御措施降低被病毒感染的几率,本文利用疫情实时数据接口,通过部署定时爬虫抓取的肺炎疫情实时数据进行数据分析,然后利用ECharts多样化的图表,以网页的形式实现疫情数据的可视化,开发了基于ECharts的COVID-19疫情信息可视化系统。该系统以直观的方式提供疫情数据参考、预测等功能,进一步提升大众的社会风险信息感知能力。此外,还可以甄别网络舆论信息与虚假数据,展示真实可靠的资讯,加强抗疫中的科技信息共享,向公众传播预防知识。

摘要： Theoretically, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are very promising as adjuvanttherapy to alleviate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated acute lunginjury and cytokine storm. Several published studies, which used MSCs toalleviate COVID-19-associated acute lung injury and cytokine storm, reportedpromising results. However, the evidence came from a case report, case series,and clinical trials with a limited number of participants. Therefore, more studiesare needed to get robust proof of MSC beneficial effects.

摘要： The global spread of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has had serious consequences in terms of patient morbidity and mortality and overburdened health care systems as well as the socioeconomic implications.In the absence of effective therapies and vaccinations during the viral outbreak,the major and most concise means to control viral spread is spread prevention.Although information concerning the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 on pediatric surgical patients has greatly expanded,relevant comprehensive studies are scarce.However,pandemic related morbidity has increased,while under normal circumstances mortality could have been minimized.

摘要： The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infected so far over 250 million people and caused the death of over 5 million worldwide.Aging,diabetes,and cardiovascular diseases,conditions with preexisting impaired endothelial functions predispose to COVID-19.While respiratory epithelium is the main route of virus entry,the endothelial cells(ECs)lining pulmonary blood vessels are also an integral part of lung injury in COVID-19 patients.COVID-19 not only affects the lungs and respiratory system but also gastrointestinal(GI)tract,liver,pancreas,kidneys,heart,brain,and skin.Blood vessels are likely conduits for the virus dissemination to these distant organs.Importantly,ECs are also critical for vascular regeneration during injury/lesions healing and restoration of vascular network.The World Journal of Gastroenterology has published in last two years over 67 outstanding papers on COVID-19 infection with a focus on the GI tract,liver,pancreas,etc.,however,the role of the endothelial and vascular components as major targets for COVID-19-induced tissue injury,spreading to various organs,and injury healing have not been sufficiently emphasized.In the present article,we focus on these subjects and on current treatments including the most recent oral drugs molnupiravir and paxlovid that show a dramatic,significant efficacy in controlling severe COVID-19 infection.

摘要： The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection has caused a devastating health crisis worldwide.In this review,we have discussed that prophylactic phytochemical quercetin supplementation in the form of foods or nutraceuticals may help manage the COVID-19 pandemic.The following evidence supports our argument.First,nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2(NRF2)agonists abrogate replication of SARS-CoV-2 in lung cells,and quercetin is a potent NRF2 agonist.Second,quercetin exerts antiviral activity against several zoonotic coronaviruses,including SARS-CoV-2,mainly by inhibiting the entry of virions into host cells.Third,inflammatory pathways activated by nuclear factor kappa B,inflammasome,and interleukin-6 signals elicit cytokine release syndrome that promotes acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with COVID-19,and quercetin inhibits these pro-inflammatory signals.Fourth,patients with COVID-19 develop thrombosis,and quercetin mitigates coagulation abnormalities by inhibiting plasma protein disulfide isomerase.This review provides a strong rationale for testing quercetin for the management of COVID-19.

摘要： 本发明公开了一种COVID‑19核酸检测引物组及COVID‑19等温扩增核酸检测试剂盒，涉及病毒核酸检测方法技术领域。本发明提供一种COVID‑19的检测试剂盒，利用所述的COVID‑19核酸检测引物组构建检测试剂盒，无需进行核酸提取，通过特异性的显色反应，在等温条件下，1小时内可准确、快速检测COVID‑19病毒，方便直观地进行筛查COVID‑19病毒感染情况，具有广阔的前景和较大的社会效益。

摘要： 本申请涉及包含聚核苷酸的药物组合物及其用于预防或治疗COVID‑19的用途。更具体地，本申请公开了一种用于预防或治疗COVID‑19的组合物，其包含聚核糖肌苷‑聚核糖胞苷酸、抗生素或多氨基化合物、正价离子以及任选地源自新型冠状病毒SARS‑CoV‑2的抗原，还涉及上述组合物在制备预防或治疗新型冠状病毒SARS‑CoV‑2感染的药物或疫苗中的用途。

摘要： 本发明公开一种穿心莲黄酮苷C在制备防治Covid‑19药物中的用途。本发明分别采用BEAS‑2B人正常肺上皮细胞、NIH‑3T3小鼠胚胎细胞模型及分子对接技术、分子动力学模拟，证明了穿心莲黄酮苷C对人正常肺上皮细胞、小鼠胚胎细胞无显著毒性，而对人正常肺上皮细胞上的血管紧张素酶2具有较强的亲和作用及酶活性抑制作用。穿心莲黄酮苷C可结合人肺上皮细胞ACE2，阻断SARS‑CoV‑2与ACE2的结合，进而抑制SARS‑CoV‑2依赖与ACE2结合进入细胞的入侵途径，发挥防治Covid‑19的作用。通过研究穿心莲黄酮苷C的细胞毒性及对人肺上皮细胞ACE2的亲和力与抑制活性，为防治Covid‑19药物的研发和生产提供新的思路和方案。

摘要： 本发明涉及一种抗SAR‑COV‑2抗体或其抗原结合片段及其应用，具体公开了，其具有SEQ ID No：1‑3所示的重链互补决定区，以及SEQ ID No：4‑6所示的轻链互补决定区。本发明的抗体为人源化抗体，其副作用低，亲和力和特异性高。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种基于协同深度学习和肺部CT图像的COVID‑19检测方法，其中用到的模型由2个预训练的残差神经网络(ResNet‑50)和1个协同网络组成，每个Res‑Net‑50学习图像表示和分类，并将学习到的图像表示作为协同网络的输入，该网络具有全连接结构来预测输入图像对是否属于同一类。因此，在每个ResNet‑50的分类误差和两个ResNet‑50的协作误差的监督下，可以端到端地训练协同网络模型，进一步加强网络学习特征表征的能力，能有效地对易混淆样本做出准确的判别。

摘要： 本公开涉及一种利用人工智能诊断冠状病毒疾病COVID‑19的方法和系统。本公开的实施例提供从患者的肺部图像检测COVID‑19的方法和系统。该示例性系统可以包括通信接口，其被配置为接收由图像获取装置获取的患者的肺的肺部图像。该系统可以进一步包括至少一个处理器，其被配置为从肺部图像确定包括肺的关注区域，并且将COVID‑19检测网络应用于关注区域来判定肺的状况。COVID‑19检测网络是将关注区域标注为COVID‑19、非COVID‑19肺炎、非肺炎异常或正常之一的多类别分类学习网络。至少一个处理器进一步被配置为基于所确定的肺的状况提供诊断输出。

摘要： 本发明涉及抗病毒化合物钠盐二水合物的生产方法及其治疗COVID‑19冠状病毒感染的用途。所要求保护的一组发明涉及生物活性化合物领域，特别是2‑甲硫基‑6‑硝基‑1，2，4‑三唑并[5，1‑c]‑1，2，4‑三嗪‑7‑酮钠盐二水合物，其旨在用于治疗和预防由对人和动物具有致病性的病毒引起的疾病。本发明旨在实现的技术结果是提高目标产物的纯度和产率，改善由对人和动物具有致病性的病毒引起的疾病治疗和预防中的抗病毒效果，以及增强方法安全性。生产所述二水合物的方法包括两个主要步骤：获得重氮盐以及使其进行缩合反应，然后是对其纯化、热过滤、结晶/重结晶和干燥，其中生产重氮盐以及进行缩合反应的步骤根据以下进行。

摘要： 本发明涉及基于多信息样本类自适应分类网络的COVID‑19识别方法，包括：收集不同数据源的不同类别的人体胸部X光影像以及对应的个人经历数据，分类后制作成原始数据集；对原始数据集进行数据清洗，对其中的X光影像进行特征增强后，提取肺部区域；整理肺部区域数据集和个人经历数据形成目标数据集；利用目标数据集对多信息样本类自适应分类网络进行训练；将待识别的人体胸部X光影像和对应的个人经历数据输入训练好的多信息样本类自适应分类网络，得到COVID‑19的识别结果。本发明的识别方法从多种信息中提取特征，根据提取的特征识别出COVID‑19，提高了识别的准确率；采用样本类自适应分类，缓解了样本数较少情况下类别不均衡对训练的不利影响。

摘要： 本发明以提供SARS‑CoV‑2感染患者中的重症化预测方法为目的。本申请的发明人针对SARS‑CoV‑2感染患者中的重症化预测标志物进行探索，结果发现，患者的血液中所含的miR‑122‑5p、SNORD33、AL732437.2、RNU2‑29P、CDKN2B‑AS1、let‑7c‑5p、miR‑21‑5p、miR‑140‑3p、及C5orf66‑AS2的水平高的COVID‑19患者之后容易发生重症化。因此，本发明提供COVID‑19患者的重症化预测方法，所述方法利用血液中外泌体中所含的上述标志物RNA。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种抗SARS‑CoV‑2(COVID‑19)S蛋白RBD单克隆抗体。实验证实，该抗体与SARS‑CoV‑2(COVID‑19)S蛋白RBD及其突变体均具有高亲和力，可有效抑制SARS‑CoV‑2(COVID‑19)S蛋白RBD及其突变体(L452R，T478K)与ACE2的结合，且对新冠假病毒及其突变株(Delta)假病毒具有明显的中和活性。