testosterone

摘要： Hirsutism is an endocrine disorder where women develop excess growth of terminal hairs in a male pattern. This study evaluated the concentrations of cholesterol, glucose and testosterone in bearded women in the Amassoma metropolis of Bayelsa state. In a view to determining whether hirsutism has an effect/relationship with the biochemical parameters estimated, a total of 50 bearded and 50 non-bearded women were recruited for this study. Based on a cross-sectional study, group A and B were appropriately matched for age and BMI. The concentrations of the biochemical parameters were measured using WHO-approved method. Bearded females had significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) cholesterol concentration (4.41 ± 1.09 mmol/L) when compared with the non-bearded (control) women. Furthermore, the mean concentrations of testosterone and glucose were higher in the bearded female group when compared with the non-bearded. The study established that women with hirsutism have associated hypertestosteronemia, hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia.

摘要： Background: The condition known as polyneuropathy causes peripheral nerve disability, and is characterized by symmetrical distal numbness and paresthesia, often accompanied by pain and weakness. With the advancement of the pandemic in Brazil and in the world, the need for therapies as well as prophylaxis became the main focus in disease control as the viral vector platform vaccine AstraZeneca. Some effects were observed over the period of application. Case Summary: A male patient, 63 years old, previously vaccinated for COVID-19, developed active infection by the virus and in his convalescent period presented intense weakness, with prejudice to his daily activities, including personal hygiene ones. Conclusion: The patient made a complete recovery after combination therapy with testosterone derivates, ivermectin, corticosteroids, and vitamins, besides rehabilitation.

摘要： Background: The presence of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, the main entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2 in lung alveolar tissue, in Sertoli and Leydig cells of the adult testis, may suggest possible testicular involvement during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our aim was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on gonadal function in men. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study in a population of men aged below 65 years of age with SARS-CoV-2. Not included in the study were any subjects on testosterone replacement therapy or with a known condition that could create hypogonadism. We recruited patients through a questionnaire and then performed total testosterone and SHBG analysis at 8 hours and 2 months post infection by ELISA. We used the Spearman Rho test for statistical analysis of correlations. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The sample consisted of 40 male COVID positive patients with a mean age of 46.4 ± 11.8 years. Eight patients were reviewed after infection. The mean total testosterone was 11 ng/ml ± 2.4 and the SHBG was 113 nmol/l ± 66.9 during infection. In the 8 patients reviewed after infection, median total testosterone decreased during infection (11 ng/ml) and increased after infection (12.7 ng/ml), this result was statistically significant (P = 0.028). Median SHBG during infection was increased (115.7 nmol/l) and after infection was decreased (82 nmol/l). There was a statistically significant (P = 0.04) and positive correlation between serum testosterone and SHBG levels in patients with severe infection. Conclusion: There could be a transient relative hypogonadism during SARS-CoV-2 infection, more marked in the severe forms of the disease with a tendency to improve after infection.

摘要： Objective:To evaluate the effect of methanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of methanol extract prepared from the seeds of Blepharis(B.)persica on testosterone biosynthesis and also to elucidate the underlying mechanism.Methods:Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into eight groups(n=6 per group).GroupⅠreceived 0.3%w/w gum acacia suspension p.o.and served as the normal control group.GroupⅡwas administered testosterone propionate in arachis oil i.m.as the positive control group.GroupⅢtoⅣreceived B.persica methanolic extract p.o.at doses of 50,100 and 200 mg/kg body weight.GroupⅥtoⅦreceived B.persica ethyl acetate fraction p.o.at doses of 50,100 and 200 mg/kg body weight.The testis was used for biochemical estimation and histological studies.The effects of methanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of B.persica on testicular testosterone,mRNA expression corresponding to steroidogenic acute regulatory protein(StAR)and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(3β-HSD)along with 3β-HSD enzyme assay were evaluated in testicular tissues and sperm concentration.Ethyl acetate fraction of B.persica was subjected to column chromatography.Invitro studies were performed using TM3 cell line at three dose levels(50,100,200μg/mL),each for methanolic extract,ethyl acetate fraction and 2-benzoxazolinone for evaluation of their comparative effect on testosterone production.Results:Ethyl acetate fraction and methanolic extract of B.persica could elevate the testicular testosterone content compared to the normal control group.The treatment with methanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of B.persica increased the expression of mRNA corresponding to StAR by 6.7 fold and 10.6 fold,respectively,whereas the mRNA expression of 3β-HSD increased by 5.7 fold and 7.3 fold,respectively.Moreover,fraction and extract treatment exhibited increased 3β-HSD activity in the testicular tissues and were found to elevate sperm concentration in seminal fluid.The spermatogenic potential was further ensured by histological observations.2-benzoxazolinone was isolated from ethyl acetate fraction and identified using spectral studies.It showed the ability to increase the testosterone content in the TM3 Leydig cells.Conclusions:Methanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of B.persica are able to increase the testicular testosterone in rats by elevating mRNA expression of StAR and 3β-HSD in testicular tissues,leading to increase the sperm concentration.

摘要： Objectives:To explore the clinical manifestations and pathological features in the biopsy of ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor,as well as to improve the clinical understanding of the disease.Methods:A case of pregnancy and childbirth after Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor resection was retrospectively analyzed.The patients’clinical data were collected,including the clinical manifestations,postoperative biopsy results,auxiliary examination results,immunohistochemical results,treatment,and prognosis of the patient.Results:(1)SLCT occurred unilaterally;(2)according to the International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology(FIGO),the clinical staging was stage IA;according to the pathological classification of malignant tumors,it was gradeⅡ(moderately differentiated);(3)a healthy female live baby was delivered.Conclusion:Such tumors are rare low-grade malignancies and are even rarer in pregnancy.An increase in preoperative testosterone levels with positive ultrasonography results can be used to assist diagnosis;however,postoperative biopsy pathology remains the“gold standard”for the diagnosis of SLCTs.The definite diagnosis of SLCTs is of great significance for surgical planning and prognostic evaluation.

摘要： Objective:To investigate the effects of a single oxytocin injection on plasma steroid concentrations,testicular blood flow measures(resistive and pulsatility indexes),and testicular echogenicity in Baladi goats.Methods:Twelve Baladi goat bucks were randomly allocated into 2 groups and received an intravenous injection of either 0.7 IU/kg oxytocin or normal saline 0.9%.Venous blood samples were collected,and testicular blood flow Doppler parameters(i.e.,peak systolic velocity,end-diastolic velocity,time average maximum velocity,resistive index,and pulsatility index)were assessed for supratesticular arteries in the left and right testes immediately before(0),and at 5,30,60,and 120 min after injection.Results:Plasma concentrations of testosterone significantly decreased in the oxytocin group at 60 min post-treatment compared to the control group,whereas plasma concentrations of estradiol-17βwere not affected(P>0.05).Both resistive index and pulsatility index declined in the oxytocin group at 60 min post-treatment compared to the control group(P<0.05).Testicular pixel intensity increased at 30 min post-treatment in the oxytocin group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions:Oxytocin treatment significantly increases testicular blood flow and decreases plasma testosterone concentrations in male Baladi goats.

摘要： BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)can produce a wide range of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic to life-threatening.Various researchers have worked to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying these variable presentations.Differences in individual responses to systemic inflammation and coagulopathy appear to be modulated by several factors,including sex steroid hormones.Transgender men or non-binary individuals who undergo gender-affirming hormone therapy(GAHT)are a unique population of interest for exploring the androgen-mediated coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)hypothesis.As the search for reliable and effective COVID-19 treatments continues,understanding the risks and benefits of GAHT may mitigate COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality in this patient population.AIM To investigate the potential role of GAHT in the development of COVID-19 infections and complications.METHODS This systematic review implemented an algorithmic approach using PRISMA guidelines.PubMed,Scopus,Google Scholar top 100 results,and archives of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery was on January 12,2022 using the key words“gender”AND“hormone”AND“therapy”AND“COVID-19”as well as associated terms.Non-English articles,articles published prior to 2019(prior to COVID-19),and manuscripts in the form of reviews,commentaries,or letters were excluded.References of the selected publications were screened as well.RESULTS The database search resulted in the final inclusion of 14 studies related to GAHT COVID-19.Of the included studies,only two studies directly involved and reported on COVID-19 in transgender patients.Several clinical trials looked at the relationship between testosterone,estrogen,and progesterone in COVID-19 infected cis-gender men and women.It has been proposed that androgens may facilitate initial COVID-19 infection,however,once this occurs,testosterone may have a protective effect.Multiple clinical studies have shown that low baseline testosterone levels in men with COVID-19 are associated with worsening outcomes.The role of female sex hormones,including estrogen and progesterone have also been proposed as potential protective factors in COVID-19 infection.This was exemplified in multiple studies investigating different outcomes in pre-and post-menopausal women as well as those taking hormone replacement therapy.Two studies related specifically to transgender patients and GAHT found that estrogen and progesterone could help protect men against COVID-19,and that testosterone hormone therapy may increase the risk of contracting COVID-19.CONCLUSION Few studies were found related to the role of GAHT in COVID-19 infections.Additional research is necessary to enhance our understanding of this relationship and provide better care for transgender patients.

摘要： BACKGROUND Metabolic associated fatty liver disease frequently occurs in patients with hypopituitarism and growth hormone(GH)deficiency.Some patients may develop to hepatopulmonary syndrome(HPS).HPS has a poor prognosis and liver transplantation is regarded as the only approach to cure it.CASE SUMMARY A 29-year-old man presented with progressive dyspnea for 1 mo.At the age of 10 years,he was diagnosed with panhypopituitarism associated with pituitary stalk interruption syndrome.Levothyroxine and hydrocortisone were given since then.To achieve ideal height,he received GH treatment for 5 years.The patient had an oxygen saturation of 78%and a partial pressure of arterial oxygen of 37 mmHg with an alveolar–arterial oxygen gradient of 70.2 mmHg.Abdominal ultrasonography showed liver cirrhosis and an enlarged spleen.Perfusion lung scan demonstrated intrapulmonary arteriovenous right-to-left shunt.HPS(very severe)was our primary consideration.His hormonal evaluation revealed GH deficiency and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism when thyroid hormone,cortisol,and desmopressin were administrated.After adding with long-acting recombinant human GH and testosterone for 14 mo,his liver function and hypoxemia were improved and his progressive liver fibrosis was stabilized.He was off the waiting list of liver transplantation.CONCLUSION Clinicians should screen HPS patients''anterior pituitary function as early as possible and treat them primarily with GH cocktail accordingly.

摘要： Objective:Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is one of the most common diseases found among elderly men.Even though multiple risk factors of BPH have been identified in the past,the risk factors which have a direct impact on prostate volume have not been identified.In this study,we aim to determine the most significant contributing risk factors to prostate volume enlargement by analyzing possible associated risk factors previously studied.Methods:This is a quantitative study with an analytical observational design,performed using a retrospective cohort approach.Total sampling was performed on 83 patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP)in Sanglah General Hospital from January to February 2019.Bivariate analysis is performed to examine each variable's association with prostate volume followed by a multivariate analysis.All variables were reassessed with path analysis to measure the direct effects,indirect effects,and total effects on prostate volume.Results:Bivariate analysis shows that serum testosterone(R=0.208;p=0.059)and prostate-specific antigen(PSA)level(R=0.626;p=0.001)have a significant association with prostate volume.Multivariate analysis shows that serum PSA(B=1.4;p=0.001;95%confidence interval[95%CI]=1.039-1.770)and testosterone(B=0.024;p=0.005;95%CI=0.008-0.041)levels are significant among all the analyzed risk factors.There is a significant and strong effect of PSA to prostate volume(c=0.636;p=0.001)whereas testosterone has a significant albeit weak effect to prostate volume(c=0.246;p=0.009)based on the total effect of the path analysis.Conclusion:Serum testosterone and PSA levels are significantly associated with prostatic volume increase among BPH patients.

摘要： BACKGROUND Dydrogesterone has shown significant efficacy in treatment of irregular menstrual cycle due to abnormal uterine bleeding-ovulation dysfunction(AUB-O),but there were few relevant studies.This observational study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of dydrogesterone for the treatment of Chinese patients with AUB-O.AIM To evaluate the effects of dydrogesterone on menstrual-cycle(MC)regularization and metabolism in the patients with AUB-O.METHODS A prospective,non-interventional,single-arm,post-marketing observational study was conducted.Chinese women aged 16 years or above with AUB-O who had been prescribed dydrogesterone were enrolled.The patients were treated with dydrogesterone 10 mg from day 16 to day 25 of each cycle,consecutively for at least 3 cycles.The main outcome was defined as the percentage of patients whose MCs returned to normal(defined as 21 dtestosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate,declined significantly(P=0.01 and 0.031,respectively),whereas other hormone levels remained steady.During the treatment,44/80(55.0%)subjects in the per-protocol set had reported biphasic basal body temperature.CONCLUSION Dydrogesterone therapy was effective in achieving MC regularization for Chinese patients with AUB-O.