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A fetishised gift: The legal status of flags

机译:迷恋的礼物:旗帜的法律地位

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摘要

Accounts of the relationship between flags and the law have focused on a narrow strain of contentions drawn from debates about political expression. This essay seeks to bridge the gap between cultural studiesʼ insight into nationalism and its symbolics, and the flagʼs legal status, to better understand the unique position occupied by national flags. Flag ʻwavingʼ has become more prevalent in many liberal democracies. In such societies, flags occupy not a religious role, but a quiet and quotidian place in what Billig terms ʻbanal nationalismʼ. As a cipher for the whole, a particular flagʼs design is relatively unimportant; what lends it power is a mix of the gravity bestowed by its official designation and the easy commodification lent by a flagʼs easy reproducibility and portability. Unlike other state symbols such as the currency, coat of arms and honorifics, the state does not seek to monopolise the flagʼs use, let alone define its meaning. An analysis of the laws in several countries governing flag designation, observance and ʻdesecrationʼ reveals that the law accords the flag distinct status yet only equivocal protection. While the state may crave its citizensʼ fealty, a flag is not a symbol of some distant governmentality. Rather, it is gifted to ʻthe peopleʼ and relies for its relevance on its organic proliferation. As both object and image, people attribute a power to the flag – a power they recognise over themselves and others with whom they share a body politic. A key source of this fetishisation is its official, legal designation. Though it embodies no particular values, a flag is valued, even fetishised, by flag-wavers and flag-burners alike.
机译:关于船旗与法律之间关系的论述集中在从关于政治表达的辩论中得出的狭窄争论中。本文力图弥合文化研究对民族主义及其象征意义的理解与国旗的法律地位之间的差距,以更好地理解国旗所占据的独特地位。在许多自由民主国家,“挥舞着”旗帜变得更加普遍。在这样的社会中,旗帜不是宗教角色,而是比利格所说的“平庸的民族主义”中的安静而喧闹的地方。总体而言,特定标志的设计相对而言并不重要。赋予它力量的是它的官方名称赋予的重力以及旗帜的易于复制和便携性所赋予的便捷商品化的混合。与其他国家符号(例如货币,纹章和荣誉称号)不同,国家不试图垄断国旗的使用,更不用说定义其含义了。对几个国家关于旗帜的指定,遵守和“亵渎”的法律的分析表明,该法律赋予旗帜独特的地位,而只是模棱两可的保护。虽然国家可能渴望其公民的忠诚,但国旗并不是某种遥远政府性的象征。相反,它是“人民”的天赋,并依赖于其有机扩散。人们既是对象又是形象,将权力归功于旗帜–他们承认自己对自己以及与他人有同感的人的权力。恋物癖的主要来源是其官方的法定名称。尽管它没有具体的价值,但旗帜的挥舞者和旗帜的燃烧者都对旗帜进行了估价,甚至迷信了。

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    Orr Graeme;

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  • 年度 2010
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