Programming Method and Response Mode in a Visual Oral Task

摘要

Programming methods and response modes were investigated to determine effective training methods. The identification and pronunciation of phonetic symbols were taught by two different programing methods and two different response modes. The programing method featured either prompting or confirmation, and the response mode was either overt or covert. Achievement was measured on both a multiple choice test and a test requiring overt oral responses. Considerable variation occurred among the test scores for each learning condition. Differences among the conditions, tending to indicate the superiority of overt responding and of confirmation, were significant on only one case. Overt responding was superior for retention when measured by tests requiring overt oral responses. The prompting method coupled with the covert response mode tended to produce poorer learning and retention than the other conditions, but it required only 30 to 50 percent as much learning time as the other conditions. (Author)