Sulforaphane Absorption and Excretion Following Ingestion of a Semi-Purified Broccoli Powder Rich in Glucoraphanin and Broccoli Sprouts in Healthy Men

摘要

Sulforaphane (SF) is a chemopreventive isothiocyanate (ITC)nderived from the myrosinase-catalyzed hydrolysis of gluco-nraphanin, a thioglucoside present in broccoli. Broccoli supplementsnoften contain glucoraphanin but lack myrosinase, putting in ques-ntion their ability to provide dietary SF. This study compared thenrelative absorption of SF from air-dried broccoli sprouts rich innmyrosinase and a glucoraphanin-rich broccoli powder lackingmy-nrosinase, individually and in combination. Subjects (n = 4) eachnconsumed 4 meals consisting of dry cereal and yogurt with 2 gnsprouts, 2 g powder, both, or neither. Blood and urine were ana-nlyzed for SF metabolites. The 24 h urinary SF recovery was 74%,n49%, and 19%of the dose ingested frombroccoli sprouts, combina-ntion, and broccoli powder meals, respectively. Urinary and plasmanITC appearance was delayed from the broccoli powder comparednto the sprouts and combination. A liver function panel indicated nontoxicity from any treatment at 24 h. These data indicate a delayednappearance in plasma and urine of SF from the broccoli powdernrelative to SF from myrosinase-rich sprouts. Combining broccolinsprouts with the broccoli powder enhanced SF absorption fromnbroccoli powder, offering the potential for development of foodsnthat modify the health impact of broccoli products.